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-\chapter{Glossary of Terms}
-
-\begin{description}
-
-\item[Atropos] One of the CPU schedulers provided by Xen. Atropos
- provides domains with absolute shares of the CPU, with timeliness
- guarantees and a mechanism for sharing out `slack time'.
-
-\item[BVT] The BVT scheduler is used to give proportional fair shares
- of the CPU to domains.
-
-\item[Exokernel] A minimal piece of privileged code, similar to a {\bf
- microkernel} but providing a more `hardware-like' interface to the
- tasks it manages. This is similar to a paravirtualising VMM like
- {\bf Xen} but was designed as a new operating system structure,
- rather than specifically to run multiple conventional OSs.
-
-\item[Domain] A domain is the execution context that contains a
- running {\bf virtual machine}. The relationship between virtual
- machines and domains on Xen is similar to that between programs and
- processes in an operating system: a virtual machine is a persistent
- entity that resides on disk (somewhat like a program). When it is
- loaded for execution, it runs in a domain. Each domain has a {\bf
- domain ID}.
-
-\item[Domain 0] The first domain to be started on a Xen machine.
- Domain 0 is responsible for managing the system.
-
-\item[Domain ID] A unique identifier for a {\bf domain}, analogous to
- a process ID in an operating system.
-
-\item[Full virtualisation] An approach to virtualisation which
- requires no modifications to the hosted operating system, providing
- the illusion of a complete system of real hardware devices.
-
-\item[Hypervisor] An alternative term for {\bf VMM}, used because it
- means `beyond supervisor', since it is responsible for managing
- multiple `supervisor' kernels.
-
-\item[Live migration] A technique for moving a running virtual machine
- to another physical host, without stopping it or the services
- running on it.
-
-\item[Microkernel] A small base of code running at the highest
- hardware privilege level. A microkernel is responsible for sharing
- CPU and memory (and sometimes other devices) between less privileged
- tasks running on the system. This is similar to a VMM, particularly
- a {\bf paravirtualising} VMM but typically addressing a different
- problem space and providing different kind of interface.
-
-\item[NetBSD/Xen] A port of NetBSD to the Xen architecture.
-
-\item[Paravirtualisation] An approach to virtualisation which requires
- modifications to the operating system in order to run in a virtual
- machine. Xen uses paravirtualisation but preserves binary
- compatibility for user space applications.
-
-\item[Shadow pagetables] A technique for hiding the layout of machine
- memory from a virtual machine's operating system. Used in some {\bf
- VMMs} to provide the illusion of contiguous physical memory, in
- Xen this is used during {\bf live migration}.
-
-\item[Virtual Block Device] Persistant storage available to a virtual
- machine, providing the abstraction of an actual block storage device.
- {\bf VBD}s may be actual block devices, filesystem images, or
- remote/network storage.
-
-\item[Virtual Machine] The environment in which a hosted operating
- system runs, providing the abstraction of a dedicated machine. A
- virtual machine may be identical to the underlying hardware (as in
- {\bf full virtualisation}, or it may differ, as in {\bf
- paravirtualisation}).
-
-\item[VMM] Virtual Machine Monitor - the software that allows multiple
- virtual machines to be multiplexed on a single physical machine.
-
-\item[Xen] Xen is a paravirtualising virtual machine monitor,
- developed primarily by the Systems Research Group at the University
- of Cambridge Computer Laboratory.
-
-\item[XenLinux] Official name for the port of the Linux kernel that
- runs on Xen.
-
-\end{description}