diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/laptops')
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/laptops/00-INDEX | 18 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/laptops/Makefile | 8 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/laptops/asus-laptop.txt | 258 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/laptops/disk-shock-protection.txt | 149 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/laptops/dslm.c | 166 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/laptops/hpfall.c | 146 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/laptops/laptop-mode.txt | 782 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/laptops/sony-laptop.txt | 139 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/laptops/sonypi.txt | 152 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/laptops/thinkpad-acpi.txt | 1519 |
10 files changed, 3337 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/laptops/00-INDEX b/Documentation/laptops/00-INDEX new file mode 100644 index 00000000..fa688538 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/laptops/00-INDEX @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +00-INDEX + - This file +acer-wmi.txt + - information on the Acer Laptop WMI Extras driver. +asus-laptop.txt + - information on the Asus Laptop Extras driver. +disk-shock-protection.txt + - information on hard disk shock protection. +dslm.c + - Simple Disk Sleep Monitor program +laptop-mode.txt + - how to conserve battery power using laptop-mode. +sony-laptop.txt + - Sony Notebook Control Driver (SNC) Readme. +sonypi.txt + - info on Linux Sony Programmable I/O Device support. +thinkpad-acpi.txt + - information on the (IBM and Lenovo) ThinkPad ACPI Extras driver. diff --git a/Documentation/laptops/Makefile b/Documentation/laptops/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 00000000..5cb144af --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/laptops/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +# kbuild trick to avoid linker error. Can be omitted if a module is built. +obj- := dummy.o + +# List of programs to build +hostprogs-y := dslm + +# Tell kbuild to always build the programs +always := $(hostprogs-y) diff --git a/Documentation/laptops/asus-laptop.txt b/Documentation/laptops/asus-laptop.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..803e51f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/laptops/asus-laptop.txt @@ -0,0 +1,258 @@ +Asus Laptop Extras + +Version 0.1 +August 6, 2009 + +Corentin Chary <corentincj@iksaif.net> +http://acpi4asus.sf.net/ + + This driver provides support for extra features of ACPI-compatible ASUS laptops. + It may also support some MEDION, JVC or VICTOR laptops (such as MEDION 9675 or + VICTOR XP7210 for example). It makes all the extra buttons generate standard + ACPI events that go through /proc/acpi/events and input events (like keyboards). + On some models adds support for changing the display brightness and output, + switching the LCD backlight on and off, and most importantly, allows you to + blink those fancy LEDs intended for reporting mail and wireless status. + +This driver supercedes the old asus_acpi driver. + +Requirements +------------ + + Kernel 2.6.X sources, configured for your computer, with ACPI support. + You also need CONFIG_INPUT and CONFIG_ACPI. + +Status +------ + + The features currently supported are the following (see below for + detailed description): + + - Fn key combinations + - Bluetooth enable and disable + - Wlan enable and disable + - GPS enable and disable + - Video output switching + - Ambient Light Sensor on and off + - LED control + - LED Display control + - LCD brightness control + - LCD on and off + + A compatibility table by model and feature is maintained on the web + site, http://acpi4asus.sf.net/. + +Usage +----- + + Try "modprobe asus_acpi". Check your dmesg (simply type dmesg). You should + see some lines like this : + + Asus Laptop Extras version 0.42 + L2D model detected. + + If it is not the output you have on your laptop, send it (and the laptop's + DSDT) to me. + + That's all, now, all the events generated by the hotkeys of your laptop + should be reported in your /proc/acpi/event entry. You can check with + "acpi_listen". + + Hotkeys are also reported as input keys (like keyboards) you can check + which key are supported using "xev" under X11. + + You can get information on the version of your DSDT table by reading the + /sys/devices/platform/asus-laptop/infos entry. If you have a question or a + bug report to do, please include the output of this entry. + +LEDs +---- + + You can modify LEDs be echoing values to /sys/class/leds/asus::*/brightness : + echo 1 > /sys/class/leds/asus::mail/brightness + will switch the mail LED on. + You can also know if they are on/off by reading their content and use + kernel triggers like ide-disk or heartbeat. + +Backlight +--------- + + You can control lcd backlight power and brightness with + /sys/class/backlight/asus-laptop/. Brightness Values are between 0 and 15. + +Wireless devices +--------------- + + You can turn the internal Bluetooth adapter on/off with the bluetooth entry + (only on models with Bluetooth). This usually controls the associated LED. + Same for Wlan adapter. + +Display switching +----------------- + + Note: the display switching code is currently considered EXPERIMENTAL. + + Switching works for the following models: + L3800C + A2500H + L5800C + M5200N + W1000N (albeit with some glitches) + M6700R + A6JC + F3J + + Switching doesn't work for the following: + M3700N + L2X00D (locks the laptop under certain conditions) + + To switch the displays, echo values from 0 to 15 to + /sys/devices/platform/asus-laptop/display. The significance of those values + is as follows: + + +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + | Bin | Val | DVI | TV | CRT | LCD | + +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + 0000 + 0 + + + + + + +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + 0001 + 1 + + + + X + + +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + 0010 + 2 + + + X + + + +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + 0011 + 3 + + + X + X + + +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + 0100 + 4 + + X + + + + +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + 0101 + 5 + + X + + X + + +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + 0110 + 6 + + X + X + + + +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + 0111 + 7 + + X + X + X + + +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + 1000 + 8 + X + + + + + +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + 1001 + 9 + X + + + X + + +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + 1010 + 10 + X + + X + + + +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + 1011 + 11 + X + + X + X + + +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + 1100 + 12 + X + X + + + + +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + 1101 + 13 + X + X + + X + + +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + 1110 + 14 + X + X + X + + + +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + 1111 + 15 + X + X + X + X + + +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + In most cases, the appropriate displays must be plugged in for the above + combinations to work. TV-Out may need to be initialized at boot time. + + Debugging: + 1) Check whether the Fn+F8 key: + a) does not lock the laptop (try disabling CONFIG_X86_UP_APIC or boot with + noapic / nolapic if it does) + b) generates events (0x6n, where n is the value corresponding to the + configuration above) + c) actually works + Record the disp value at every configuration. + 2) Echo values from 0 to 15 to /sys/devices/platform/asus-laptop/display. + Record its value, note any change. If nothing changes, try a broader range, + up to 65535. + 3) Send ANY output (both positive and negative reports are needed, unless your + machine is already listed above) to the acpi4asus-user mailing list. + + Note: on some machines (e.g. L3C), after the module has been loaded, only 0x6n + events are generated and no actual switching occurs. In such a case, a line + like: + + echo $((10#$arg-60)) > /sys/devices/platform/asus-laptop/display + + will usually do the trick ($arg is the 0000006n-like event passed to acpid). + + Note: there is currently no reliable way to read display status on xxN + (Centrino) models. + +LED display +----------- + + Some models like the W1N have a LED display that can be used to display + several items of information. + + LED display works for the following models: + W1000N + W1J + + To control the LED display, use the following : + + echo 0x0T000DDD > /sys/devices/platform/asus-laptop/ + + where T control the 3 letters display, and DDD the 3 digits display, + according to the tables below. + + DDD (digits) + 000 to 999 = display digits + AAA = --- + BBB to FFF = turn-off + + T (type) + 0 = off + 1 = dvd + 2 = vcd + 3 = mp3 + 4 = cd + 5 = tv + 6 = cpu + 7 = vol + + For example "echo 0x01000001 >/sys/devices/platform/asus-laptop/ledd" + would display "DVD001". + +Driver options: +--------------- + + Options can be passed to the asus-laptop driver using the standard + module argument syntax (<param>=<value> when passing the option to the + module or asus-laptop.<param>=<value> on the kernel boot line when + asus-laptop is statically linked into the kernel). + + wapf: WAPF defines the behavior of the Fn+Fx wlan key + The significance of values is yet to be found, but + most of the time: + - 0x0 should do nothing + - 0x1 should allow to control the device with Fn+Fx key. + - 0x4 should send an ACPI event (0x88) while pressing the Fn+Fx key + - 0x5 like 0x1 or 0x4 + + The default value is 0x1. + +Unsupported models +------------------ + + These models will never be supported by this module, as they use a completely + different mechanism to handle LEDs and extra stuff (meaning we have no clue + how it works): + + - ASUS A1300 (A1B), A1370D + - ASUS L7300G + - ASUS L8400 + +Patches, Errors, Questions: +-------------------------- + + I appreciate any success or failure + reports, especially if they add to or correct the compatibility table. + Please include the following information in your report: + + - Asus model name + - a copy of your ACPI tables, using the "acpidump" utility + - a copy of /sys/devices/platform/asus-laptop/infos + - which driver features work and which don't + - the observed behavior of non-working features + + Any other comments or patches are also more than welcome. + + acpi4asus-user@lists.sourceforge.net + http://sourceforge.net/projects/acpi4asus + diff --git a/Documentation/laptops/disk-shock-protection.txt b/Documentation/laptops/disk-shock-protection.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..0e6ba266 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/laptops/disk-shock-protection.txt @@ -0,0 +1,149 @@ +Hard disk shock protection +========================== + +Author: Elias Oltmanns <eo@nebensachen.de> +Last modified: 2008-10-03 + + +0. Contents +----------- + +1. Intro +2. The interface +3. References +4. CREDITS + + +1. Intro +-------- + +ATA/ATAPI-7 specifies the IDLE IMMEDIATE command with unload feature. +Issuing this command should cause the drive to switch to idle mode and +unload disk heads. This feature is being used in modern laptops in +conjunction with accelerometers and appropriate software to implement +a shock protection facility. The idea is to stop all I/O operations on +the internal hard drive and park its heads on the ramp when critical +situations are anticipated. The desire to have such a feature +available on GNU/Linux systems has been the original motivation to +implement a generic disk head parking interface in the Linux kernel. +Please note, however, that other components have to be set up on your +system in order to get disk shock protection working (see +section 3. References below for pointers to more information about +that). + + +2. The interface +---------------- + +For each ATA device, the kernel exports the file +block/*/device/unload_heads in sysfs (here assumed to be mounted under +/sys). Access to /sys/block/*/device/unload_heads is denied with +-EOPNOTSUPP if the device does not support the unload feature. +Otherwise, writing an integer value to this file will take the heads +of the respective drive off the platter and block all I/O operations +for the specified number of milliseconds. When the timeout expires and +no further disk head park request has been issued in the meantime, +normal operation will be resumed. The maximal value accepted for a +timeout is 30000 milliseconds. Exceeding this limit will return +-EOVERFLOW, but heads will be parked anyway and the timeout will be +set to 30 seconds. However, you can always change a timeout to any +value between 0 and 30000 by issuing a subsequent head park request +before the timeout of the previous one has expired. In particular, the +total timeout can exceed 30 seconds and, more importantly, you can +cancel a previously set timeout and resume normal operation +immediately by specifying a timeout of 0. Values below -2 are rejected +with -EINVAL (see below for the special meaning of -1 and -2). If the +timeout specified for a recent head park request has not yet expired, +reading from /sys/block/*/device/unload_heads will report the number +of milliseconds remaining until normal operation will be resumed; +otherwise, reading the unload_heads attribute will return 0. + +For example, do the following in order to park the heads of drive +/dev/sda and stop all I/O operations for five seconds: + +# echo 5000 > /sys/block/sda/device/unload_heads + +A simple + +# cat /sys/block/sda/device/unload_heads + +will show you how many milliseconds are left before normal operation +will be resumed. + +A word of caution: The fact that the interface operates on a basis of +milliseconds may raise expectations that cannot be satisfied in +reality. In fact, the ATA specs clearly state that the time for an +unload operation to complete is vendor specific. The hint in ATA-7 +that this will typically be within 500 milliseconds apparently has +been dropped in ATA-8. + +There is a technical detail of this implementation that may cause some +confusion and should be discussed here. When a head park request has +been issued to a device successfully, all I/O operations on the +controller port this device is attached to will be deferred. That is +to say, any other device that may be connected to the same port will +be affected too. The only exception is that a subsequent head unload +request to that other device will be executed immediately. Further +operations on that port will be deferred until the timeout specified +for either device on the port has expired. As far as PATA (old style +IDE) configurations are concerned, there can only be two devices +attached to any single port. In SATA world we have port multipliers +which means that a user-issued head parking request to one device may +actually result in stopping I/O to a whole bunch of devices. However, +since this feature is supposed to be used on laptops and does not seem +to be very useful in any other environment, there will be mostly one +device per port. Even if the CD/DVD writer happens to be connected to +the same port as the hard drive, it generally *should* recover just +fine from the occasional buffer under-run incurred by a head park +request to the HD. Actually, when you are using an ide driver rather +than its libata counterpart (i.e. your disk is called /dev/hda +instead of /dev/sda), then parking the heads of one drive (drive X) +will generally not affect the mode of operation of another drive +(drive Y) on the same port as described above. It is only when a port +reset is required to recover from an exception on drive Y that further +I/O operations on that drive (and the reset itself) will be delayed +until drive X is no longer in the parked state. + +Finally, there are some hard drives that only comply with an earlier +version of the ATA standard than ATA-7, but do support the unload +feature nonetheless. Unfortunately, there is no safe way Linux can +detect these devices, so you won't be able to write to the +unload_heads attribute. If you know that your device really does +support the unload feature (for instance, because the vendor of your +laptop or the hard drive itself told you so), then you can tell the +kernel to enable the usage of this feature for that drive by writing +the special value -1 to the unload_heads attribute: + +# echo -1 > /sys/block/sda/device/unload_heads + +will enable the feature for /dev/sda, and giving -2 instead of -1 will +disable it again. + + +3. References +------------- + +There are several laptops from different vendors featuring shock +protection capabilities. As manufacturers have refused to support open +source development of the required software components so far, Linux +support for shock protection varies considerably between different +hardware implementations. Ideally, this section should contain a list +of pointers at different projects aiming at an implementation of shock +protection on different systems. Unfortunately, I only know of a +single project which, although still considered experimental, is fit +for use. Please feel free to add projects that have been the victims +of my ignorance. + +- http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/HDAPS + See this page for information about Linux support of the hard disk + active protection system as implemented in IBM/Lenovo Thinkpads. + + +4. CREDITS +---------- + +This implementation of disk head parking has been inspired by a patch +originally published by Jon Escombe <lists@dresco.co.uk>. My efforts +to develop an implementation of this feature that is fit to be merged +into mainline have been aided by various kernel developers, in +particular by Tejun Heo and Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz. diff --git a/Documentation/laptops/dslm.c b/Documentation/laptops/dslm.c new file mode 100644 index 00000000..72ff290c --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/laptops/dslm.c @@ -0,0 +1,166 @@ +/* + * dslm.c + * Simple Disk Sleep Monitor + * by Bartek Kania + * Licenced under the GPL + */ +#include <unistd.h> +#include <stdlib.h> +#include <stdio.h> +#include <fcntl.h> +#include <errno.h> +#include <time.h> +#include <string.h> +#include <signal.h> +#include <sys/ioctl.h> +#include <linux/hdreg.h> + +#ifdef DEBUG +#define D(x) x +#else +#define D(x) +#endif + +int endit = 0; + +/* Check if the disk is in powersave-mode + * Most of the code is stolen from hdparm. + * 1 = active, 0 = standby/sleep, -1 = unknown */ +static int check_powermode(int fd) +{ + unsigned char args[4] = {WIN_CHECKPOWERMODE1,0,0,0}; + int state; + + if (ioctl(fd, HDIO_DRIVE_CMD, &args) + && (args[0] = WIN_CHECKPOWERMODE2) /* try again with 0x98 */ + && ioctl(fd, HDIO_DRIVE_CMD, &args)) { + if (errno != EIO || args[0] != 0 || args[1] != 0) { + state = -1; /* "unknown"; */ + } else + state = 0; /* "sleeping"; */ + } else { + state = (args[2] == 255) ? 1 : 0; + } + D(printf(" drive state is: %d\n", state)); + + return state; +} + +static char *state_name(int i) +{ + if (i == -1) return "unknown"; + if (i == 0) return "sleeping"; + if (i == 1) return "active"; + + return "internal error"; +} + +static char *myctime(time_t time) +{ + char *ts = ctime(&time); + ts[strlen(ts) - 1] = 0; + + return ts; +} + +static void measure(int fd) +{ + time_t start_time; + int last_state; + time_t last_time; + int curr_state; + time_t curr_time = 0; + time_t time_diff; + time_t active_time = 0; + time_t sleep_time = 0; + time_t unknown_time = 0; + time_t total_time = 0; + int changes = 0; + float tmp; + + printf("Starting measurements\n"); + + last_state = check_powermode(fd); + start_time = last_time = time(0); + printf(" System is in state %s\n\n", state_name(last_state)); + + while(!endit) { + sleep(1); + curr_state = check_powermode(fd); + + if (curr_state != last_state || endit) { + changes++; + curr_time = time(0); + time_diff = curr_time - last_time; + + if (last_state == 1) active_time += time_diff; + else if (last_state == 0) sleep_time += time_diff; + else unknown_time += time_diff; + + last_state = curr_state; + last_time = curr_time; + + printf("%s: State-change to %s\n", myctime(curr_time), + state_name(curr_state)); + } + } + changes--; /* Compensate for SIGINT */ + + total_time = time(0) - start_time; + printf("\nTotal running time: %lus\n", curr_time - start_time); + printf(" State changed %d times\n", changes); + + tmp = (float)sleep_time / (float)total_time * 100; + printf(" Time in sleep state: %lus (%.2f%%)\n", sleep_time, tmp); + tmp = (float)active_time / (float)total_time * 100; + printf(" Time in active state: %lus (%.2f%%)\n", active_time, tmp); + tmp = (float)unknown_time / (float)total_time * 100; + printf(" Time in unknown state: %lus (%.2f%%)\n", unknown_time, tmp); +} + +static void ender(int s) +{ + endit = 1; +} + +static void usage(void) +{ + puts("usage: dslm [-w <time>] <disk>"); + exit(0); +} + +int main(int argc, char **argv) +{ + int fd; + char *disk = 0; + int settle_time = 60; + + /* Parse the simple command-line */ + if (argc == 2) + disk = argv[1]; + else if (argc == 4) { + settle_time = atoi(argv[2]); + disk = argv[3]; + } else + usage(); + + if (!(fd = open(disk, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK))) { + printf("Can't open %s, because: %s\n", disk, strerror(errno)); + exit(-1); + } + + if (settle_time) { + printf("Waiting %d seconds for the system to settle down to " + "'normal'\n", settle_time); + sleep(settle_time); + } else + puts("Not waiting for system to settle down"); + + signal(SIGINT, ender); + + measure(fd); + + close(fd); + + return 0; +} diff --git a/Documentation/laptops/hpfall.c b/Documentation/laptops/hpfall.c new file mode 100644 index 00000000..a4a8fc5d --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/laptops/hpfall.c @@ -0,0 +1,146 @@ +/* Disk protection for HP machines. + * + * Copyright 2008 Eric Piel + * Copyright 2009 Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz> + * + * GPLv2. + */ + +#include <stdio.h> +#include <stdlib.h> +#include <unistd.h> +#include <fcntl.h> +#include <sys/stat.h> +#include <sys/types.h> +#include <string.h> +#include <stdint.h> +#include <errno.h> +#include <signal.h> +#include <sys/mman.h> +#include <sched.h> + +char unload_heads_path[64]; + +int set_unload_heads_path(char *device) +{ + char devname[64]; + + if (strlen(device) <= 5 || strncmp(device, "/dev/", 5) != 0) + return -EINVAL; + strncpy(devname, device + 5, sizeof(devname)); + + snprintf(unload_heads_path, sizeof(unload_heads_path), + "/sys/block/%s/device/unload_heads", devname); + return 0; +} +int valid_disk(void) +{ + int fd = open(unload_heads_path, O_RDONLY); + if (fd < 0) { + perror(unload_heads_path); + return 0; + } + + close(fd); + return 1; +} + +void write_int(char *path, int i) +{ + char buf[1024]; + int fd = open(path, O_RDWR); + if (fd < 0) { + perror("open"); + exit(1); + } + sprintf(buf, "%d", i); + if (write(fd, buf, strlen(buf)) != strlen(buf)) { + perror("write"); + exit(1); + } + close(fd); +} + +void set_led(int on) +{ + write_int("/sys/class/leds/hp::hddprotect/brightness", on); +} + +void protect(int seconds) +{ + write_int(unload_heads_path, seconds*1000); +} + +int on_ac(void) +{ +// /sys/class/power_supply/AC0/online +} + +int lid_open(void) +{ +// /proc/acpi/button/lid/LID/state +} + +void ignore_me(void) +{ + protect(0); + set_led(0); +} + +int main(int argc, char **argv) +{ + int fd, ret; + struct sched_param param; + + if (argc == 1) + ret = set_unload_heads_path("/dev/sda"); + else if (argc == 2) + ret = set_unload_heads_path(argv[1]); + else + ret = -EINVAL; + + if (ret || !valid_disk()) { + fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s <device> (default: /dev/sda)\n", + argv[0]); + exit(1); + } + + fd = open("/dev/freefall", O_RDONLY); + if (fd < 0) { + perror("/dev/freefall"); + return EXIT_FAILURE; + } + + daemon(0, 0); + param.sched_priority = sched_get_priority_max(SCHED_FIFO); + sched_setscheduler(0, SCHED_FIFO, ¶m); + mlockall(MCL_CURRENT|MCL_FUTURE); + + signal(SIGALRM, ignore_me); + + for (;;) { + unsigned char count; + + ret = read(fd, &count, sizeof(count)); + alarm(0); + if ((ret == -1) && (errno == EINTR)) { + /* Alarm expired, time to unpark the heads */ + continue; + } + + if (ret != sizeof(count)) { + perror("read"); + break; + } + + protect(21); + set_led(1); + if (1 || on_ac() || lid_open()) + alarm(2); + else + alarm(20); + } + + close(fd); + return EXIT_SUCCESS; +} diff --git a/Documentation/laptops/laptop-mode.txt b/Documentation/laptops/laptop-mode.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..0bf25eeb --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/laptops/laptop-mode.txt @@ -0,0 +1,782 @@ +How to conserve battery power using laptop-mode +----------------------------------------------- + +Document Author: Bart Samwel (bart@samwel.tk) +Date created: January 2, 2004 +Last modified: December 06, 2004 + +Introduction +------------ + +Laptop mode is used to minimize the time that the hard disk needs to be spun up, +to conserve battery power on laptops. It has been reported to cause significant +power savings. + +Contents +-------- + +* Introduction +* Installation +* Caveats +* The Details +* Tips & Tricks +* Control script +* ACPI integration +* Monitoring tool + + +Installation +------------ + +To use laptop mode, you don't need to set any kernel configuration options +or anything. Simply install all the files included in this document, and +laptop mode will automatically be started when you're on battery. For +your convenience, a tarball containing an installer can be downloaded at: + +http://www.samwel.tk/laptop_mode/laptop_mode/ + +To configure laptop mode, you need to edit the configuration file, which is +located in /etc/default/laptop-mode on Debian-based systems, or in +/etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on other systems. + +Unfortunately, automatic enabling of laptop mode does not work for +laptops that don't have ACPI. On those laptops, you need to start laptop +mode manually. To start laptop mode, run "laptop_mode start", and to +stop it, run "laptop_mode stop". (Note: The laptop mode tools package now +has experimental support for APM, you might want to try that first.) + + +Caveats +------- + +* The downside of laptop mode is that you have a chance of losing up to 10 + minutes of work. If you cannot afford this, don't use it! The supplied ACPI + scripts automatically turn off laptop mode when the battery almost runs out, + so that you won't lose any data at the end of your battery life. + +* Most desktop hard drives have a very limited lifetime measured in spindown + cycles, typically about 50.000 times (it's usually listed on the spec sheet). + Check your drive's rating, and don't wear down your drive's lifetime if you + don't need to. + +* If you mount some of your ext3/reiserfs filesystems with the -n option, then + the control script will not be able to remount them correctly. You must set + DO_REMOUNTS=0 in the control script, otherwise it will remount them with the + wrong options -- or it will fail because it cannot write to /etc/mtab. + +* If you have your filesystems listed as type "auto" in fstab, like I did, then + the control script will not recognize them as filesystems that need remounting. + You must list the filesystems with their true type instead. + +* It has been reported that some versions of the mutt mail client use file access + times to determine whether a folder contains new mail. If you use mutt and + experience this, you must disable the noatime remounting by setting the option + DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME to 0 in the configuration file. + + +The Details +----------- + +Laptop mode is controlled by the knob /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode. This knob is +present for all kernels that have the laptop mode patch, regardless of any +configuration options. When the knob is set, any physical disk I/O (that might +have caused the hard disk to spin up) causes Linux to flush all dirty blocks. The +result of this is that after a disk has spun down, it will not be spun up +anymore to write dirty blocks, because those blocks had already been written +immediately after the most recent read operation. The value of the laptop_mode +knob determines the time between the occurrence of disk I/O and when the flush +is triggered. A sensible value for the knob is 5 seconds. Setting the knob to +0 disables laptop mode. + +To increase the effectiveness of the laptop_mode strategy, the laptop_mode +control script increases dirty_expire_centisecs and dirty_writeback_centisecs in +/proc/sys/vm to about 10 minutes (by default), which means that pages that are +dirtied are not forced to be written to disk as often. The control script also +changes the dirty background ratio, so that background writeback of dirty pages +is not done anymore. Combined with a higher commit value (also 10 minutes) for +ext3 or ReiserFS filesystems (also done automatically by the control script), +this results in concentration of disk activity in a small time interval which +occurs only once every 10 minutes, or whenever the disk is forced to spin up by +a cache miss. The disk can then be spun down in the periods of inactivity. + +If you want to find out which process caused the disk to spin up, you can +gather information by setting the flag /proc/sys/vm/block_dump. When this flag +is set, Linux reports all disk read and write operations that take place, and +all block dirtyings done to files. This makes it possible to debug why a disk +needs to spin up, and to increase battery life even more. The output of +block_dump is written to the kernel output, and it can be retrieved using +"dmesg". When you use block_dump and your kernel logging level also includes +kernel debugging messages, you probably want to turn off klogd, otherwise +the output of block_dump will be logged, causing disk activity that is not +normally there. + + +Configuration +------------- + +The laptop mode configuration file is located in /etc/default/laptop-mode on +Debian-based systems, or in /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on other systems. It +contains the following options: + +MAX_AGE: + +Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are +comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this +amount of work if your battery fails while you're in laptop mode. + +MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES: + +Automatically disable laptop mode if the remaining number of minutes of +battery power is less than this value. Default is 10 minutes. + +AC_HD/BATT_HD: + +The idle timeout that should be set on your hard drive when laptop mode +is active (BATT_HD) and when it is not active (AC_HD). The defaults are +20 seconds (value 4) for BATT_HD and 2 hours (value 244) for AC_HD. The +possible values are those listed in the manual page for "hdparm" for the +"-S" option. + +HD: + +The devices for which the spindown timeout should be adjusted by laptop mode. +Default is /dev/hda. If you specify multiple devices, separate them by a space. + +READAHEAD: + +Disk readahead, in 512-byte sectors, while laptop mode is active. A large +readahead can prevent disk accesses for things like executable pages (which are +loaded on demand while the application executes) and sequentially accessed data +(MP3s). + +DO_REMOUNTS: + +The control script automatically remounts any mounted journaled filesystems +with appropriate commit interval options. When this option is set to 0, this +feature is disabled. + +DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME: + +When remounting, should the filesystems be remounted with the noatime option? +Normally, this is set to "1" (enabled), but there may be programs that require +access time recording. + +DIRTY_RATIO: + +The percentage of memory that is allowed to contain "dirty" or unsaved data +before a writeback is forced, while laptop mode is active. Corresponds to +the /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio sysctl. + +DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO: + +The percentage of memory that is allowed to contain "dirty" or unsaved data +after a forced writeback is done due to an exceeding of DIRTY_RATIO. Set +this nice and low. This corresponds to the /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio +sysctl. + +Note that the behaviour of dirty_background_ratio is quite different +when laptop mode is active and when it isn't. When laptop mode is inactive, +dirty_background_ratio is the threshold percentage at which background writeouts +start taking place. When laptop mode is active, however, background writeouts +are disabled, and the dirty_background_ratio only determines how much writeback +is done when dirty_ratio is reached. + +DO_CPU: + +Enable CPU frequency scaling when in laptop mode. (Requires CPUFreq to be setup. +See Documentation/cpu-freq/user-guide.txt for more info. Disabled by default.) + +CPU_MAXFREQ: + +When on battery, what is the maximum CPU speed that the system should use? Legal +values are "slowest" for the slowest speed that your CPU is able to operate at, +or a value listed in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_frequencies. + + +Tips & Tricks +------------- + +* Bartek Kania reports getting up to 50 minutes of extra battery life (on top + of his regular 3 to 3.5 hours) using a spindown time of 5 seconds (BATT_HD=1). + +* You can spin down the disk while playing MP3, by setting disk readahead + to 8MB (READAHEAD=16384). Effectively, the disk will read a complete MP3 at + once, and will then spin down while the MP3 is playing. (Thanks to Bartek + Kania.) + +* Drew Scott Daniels observed: "I don't know why, but when I decrease the number + of colours that my display uses it consumes less battery power. I've seen + this on powerbooks too. I hope that this is a piece of information that + might be useful to the Laptop Mode patch or its users." + +* In syslog.conf, you can prefix entries with a dash ``-'' to omit syncing the + file after every logging. When you're using laptop-mode and your disk doesn't + spin down, this is a likely culprit. + +* Richard Atterer observed that laptop mode does not work well with noflushd + (http://noflushd.sourceforge.net/), it seems that noflushd prevents laptop-mode + from doing its thing. + +* If you're worried about your data, you might want to consider using a USB + memory stick or something like that as a "working area". (Be aware though + that flash memory can only handle a limited number of writes, and overuse + may wear out your memory stick pretty quickly. Do _not_ use journalling + filesystems on flash memory sticks.) + + +Configuration file for control and ACPI battery scripts +------------------------------------------------------- + +This allows the tunables to be changed for the scripts via an external +configuration file + +It should be installed as /etc/default/laptop-mode on Debian, and as +/etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on Red Hat, SUSE, Mandrake, and other work-alikes. + +--------------------CONFIG FILE BEGIN------------------------------------------- +# Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are +# comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this +# amount of work if your battery fails you while in laptop mode. +#MAX_AGE=600 + +# Automatically disable laptop mode when the number of minutes of battery +# that you have left goes below this threshold. +MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES=10 + +# Read-ahead, in 512-byte sectors. You can spin down the disk while playing MP3/OGG +# by setting the disk readahead to 8MB (READAHEAD=16384). Effectively, the disk +# will read a complete MP3 at once, and will then spin down while the MP3/OGG is +# playing. +#READAHEAD=4096 + +# Shall we remount journaled fs. with appropriate commit interval? (1=yes) +#DO_REMOUNTS=1 + +# And shall we add the "noatime" option to that as well? (1=yes) +#DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME=1 + +# Dirty synchronous ratio. At this percentage of dirty pages the process +# which +# calls write() does its own writeback +#DIRTY_RATIO=40 + +# +# Allowed dirty background ratio, in percent. Once DIRTY_RATIO has been +# exceeded, the kernel will wake pdflush which will then reduce the amount +# of dirty memory to dirty_background_ratio. Set this nice and low, so once +# some writeout has commenced, we do a lot of it. +# +#DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=5 + +# kernel default dirty buffer age +#DEF_AGE=30 +#DEF_UPDATE=5 +#DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=10 +#DEF_DIRTY_RATIO=40 +#DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER=15 +#DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL=30 +#DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL=1 + +# This must be adjusted manually to the value of HZ in the running kernel +# on 2.4, until the XFS people change their 2.4 external interfaces to work in +# centisecs. This can be automated, but it's a work in progress that still +# needs# some fixes. On 2.6 kernels, XFS uses USER_HZ instead of HZ for +# external interfaces, and that is currently always set to 100. So you don't +# need to change this on 2.6. +#XFS_HZ=100 + +# Should the maximum CPU frequency be adjusted down while on battery? +# Requires CPUFreq to be setup. +# See Documentation/cpu-freq/user-guide.txt for more info +#DO_CPU=0 + +# When on battery what is the maximum CPU speed that the system should +# use? Legal values are "slowest" for the slowest speed that your +# CPU is able to operate at, or a value listed in: +# /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_frequencies +# Only applicable if DO_CPU=1. +#CPU_MAXFREQ=slowest + +# Idle timeout for your hard drive (man hdparm for valid values, -S option) +# Default is 2 hours on AC (AC_HD=244) and 20 seconds for battery (BATT_HD=4). +#AC_HD=244 +#BATT_HD=4 + +# The drives for which to adjust the idle timeout. Separate them by a space, +# e.g. HD="/dev/hda /dev/hdb". +#HD="/dev/hda" + +# Set the spindown timeout on a hard drive? +#DO_HD=1 + +--------------------CONFIG FILE END--------------------------------------------- + + +Control script +-------------- + +Please note that this control script works for the Linux 2.4 and 2.6 series (thanks +to Kiko Piris). + +--------------------CONTROL SCRIPT BEGIN---------------------------------------- +#!/bin/bash + +# start or stop laptop_mode, best run by a power management daemon when +# ac gets connected/disconnected from a laptop +# +# install as /sbin/laptop_mode +# +# Contributors to this script: Kiko Piris +# Bart Samwel +# Micha Feigin +# Andrew Morton +# Herve Eychenne +# Dax Kelson +# +# Original Linux 2.4 version by: Jens Axboe + +############################################################################# + +# Source config +if [ -f /etc/default/laptop-mode ] ; then + # Debian + . /etc/default/laptop-mode +elif [ -f /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode ] ; then + # Others + . /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode +fi + +# Don't raise an error if the config file is incomplete +# set defaults instead: + +# Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are +# comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this +# amount of work if your battery fails you while in laptop mode. +MAX_AGE=${MAX_AGE:-'600'} + +# Read-ahead, in kilobytes +READAHEAD=${READAHEAD:-'4096'} + +# Shall we remount journaled fs. with appropriate commit interval? (1=yes) +DO_REMOUNTS=${DO_REMOUNTS:-'1'} + +# And shall we add the "noatime" option to that as well? (1=yes) +DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME=${DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME:-'1'} + +# Shall we adjust the idle timeout on a hard drive? +DO_HD=${DO_HD:-'1'} + +# Adjust idle timeout on which hard drive? +HD="${HD:-'/dev/hda'}" + +# spindown time for HD (hdparm -S values) +AC_HD=${AC_HD:-'244'} +BATT_HD=${BATT_HD:-'4'} + +# Dirty synchronous ratio. At this percentage of dirty pages the process which +# calls write() does its own writeback +DIRTY_RATIO=${DIRTY_RATIO:-'40'} + +# cpu frequency scaling +# See Documentation/cpu-freq/user-guide.txt for more info +DO_CPU=${CPU_MANAGE:-'0'} +CPU_MAXFREQ=${CPU_MAXFREQ:-'slowest'} + +# +# Allowed dirty background ratio, in percent. Once DIRTY_RATIO has been +# exceeded, the kernel will wake pdflush which will then reduce the amount +# of dirty memory to dirty_background_ratio. Set this nice and low, so once +# some writeout has commenced, we do a lot of it. +# +DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=${DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:-'5'} + +# kernel default dirty buffer age +DEF_AGE=${DEF_AGE:-'30'} +DEF_UPDATE=${DEF_UPDATE:-'5'} +DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=${DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:-'10'} +DEF_DIRTY_RATIO=${DEF_DIRTY_RATIO:-'40'} +DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER=${DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER:-'15'} +DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL=${DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL:-'30'} +DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL=${DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL:-'1'} + +# This must be adjusted manually to the value of HZ in the running kernel +# on 2.4, until the XFS people change their 2.4 external interfaces to work in +# centisecs. This can be automated, but it's a work in progress that still needs +# some fixes. On 2.6 kernels, XFS uses USER_HZ instead of HZ for external +# interfaces, and that is currently always set to 100. So you don't need to +# change this on 2.6. +XFS_HZ=${XFS_HZ:-'100'} + +############################################################################# + +KLEVEL="$(uname -r | + { + IFS='.' read a b c + echo $a.$b + } +)" +case "$KLEVEL" in + "2.4"|"2.6") + ;; + *) + echo "Unhandled kernel version: $KLEVEL ('uname -r' = '$(uname -r)')" >&2 + exit 1 + ;; +esac + +if [ ! -e /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ] ; then + echo "Kernel is not patched with laptop_mode patch." >&2 + exit 1 +fi + +if [ ! -w /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ] ; then + echo "You do not have enough privileges to enable laptop_mode." >&2 + exit 1 +fi + +# Remove an option (the first parameter) of the form option=<number> from +# a mount options string (the rest of the parameters). +parse_mount_opts () { + OPT="$1" + shift + echo ",$*," | sed \ + -e 's/,'"$OPT"'=[0-9]*,/,/g' \ + -e 's/,,*/,/g' \ + -e 's/^,//' \ + -e 's/,$//' +} + +# Remove an option (the first parameter) without any arguments from +# a mount option string (the rest of the parameters). +parse_nonumber_mount_opts () { + OPT="$1" + shift + echo ",$*," | sed \ + -e 's/,'"$OPT"',/,/g' \ + -e 's/,,*/,/g' \ + -e 's/^,//' \ + -e 's/,$//' +} + +# Find out the state of a yes/no option (e.g. "atime"/"noatime") in +# fstab for a given filesystem, and use this state to replace the +# value of the option in another mount options string. The device +# is the first argument, the option name the second, and the default +# value the third. The remainder is the mount options string. +# +# Example: +# parse_yesno_opts_wfstab /dev/hda1 atime atime defaults,noatime +# +# If fstab contains, say, "rw" for this filesystem, then the result +# will be "defaults,atime". +parse_yesno_opts_wfstab () { + L_DEV="$1" + OPT="$2" + DEF_OPT="$3" + shift 3 + L_OPTS="$*" + PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_nonumber_mount_opts $OPT $L_OPTS)" + PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_nonumber_mount_opts no$OPT $PARSEDOPTS1)" + # Watch for a default atime in fstab + FSTAB_OPTS="$(awk '$1 == "'$L_DEV'" { print $4 }' /etc/fstab)" + if echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "$OPT" > /dev/null ; then + # option specified in fstab: extract the value and use it + if echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "no$OPT" > /dev/null ; then + echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,no$OPT" + else + # no$OPT not found -- so we must have $OPT. + echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$OPT" + fi + else + # option not specified in fstab -- choose the default. + echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$DEF_OPT" + fi +} + +# Find out the state of a numbered option (e.g. "commit=NNN") in +# fstab for a given filesystem, and use this state to replace the +# value of the option in another mount options string. The device +# is the first argument, and the option name the second. The +# remainder is the mount options string in which the replacement +# must be done. +# +# Example: +# parse_mount_opts_wfstab /dev/hda1 commit defaults,commit=7 +# +# If fstab contains, say, "commit=3,rw" for this filesystem, then the +# result will be "rw,commit=3". +parse_mount_opts_wfstab () { + L_DEV="$1" + OPT="$2" + shift 2 + L_OPTS="$*" + PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_mount_opts $OPT $L_OPTS)" + # Watch for a default commit in fstab + FSTAB_OPTS="$(awk '$1 == "'$L_DEV'" { print $4 }' /etc/fstab)" + if echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "$OPT=" > /dev/null ; then + # option specified in fstab: extract the value, and use it + echo -n "$PARSEDOPTS1,$OPT=" + echo ",$FSTAB_OPTS," | sed \ + -e 's/.*,'"$OPT"'=//' \ + -e 's/,.*//' + else + # option not specified in fstab: set it to 0 + echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$OPT=0" + fi +} + +deduce_fstype () { + MP="$1" + # My root filesystem unfortunately has + # type "unknown" in /etc/mtab. If we encounter + # "unknown", we try to get the type from fstab. + cat /etc/fstab | + grep -v '^#' | + while read FSTAB_DEV FSTAB_MP FSTAB_FST FSTAB_OPTS FSTAB_DUMP FSTAB_DUMP ; do + if [ "$FSTAB_MP" = "$MP" ]; then + echo $FSTAB_FST + exit 0 + fi + done +} + +if [ $DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME -eq 1 ] ; then + NOATIME_OPT=",noatime" +fi + +case "$1" in + start) + AGE=$((100*$MAX_AGE)) + XFS_AGE=$(($XFS_HZ*$MAX_AGE)) + echo -n "Starting laptop_mode" + + if [ -d /proc/sys/vm/pagebuf ] ; then + # (For 2.4 and early 2.6.) + # This only needs to be set, not reset -- it is only used when + # laptop mode is enabled. + echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/vm/pagebuf/lm_flush_age + echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_sync_interval + elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_age_buffer ] ; then + # (A couple of early 2.6 laptop mode patches had these.) + # The same goes for these. + echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_age_buffer + echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_sync_interval + elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer ] ; then + # (2.6.6) + # But not for these -- they are also used in normal + # operation. + echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer + echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/sync_interval + elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs ] ; then + # (2.6.7 upwards) + # And not for these either. These are in centisecs, + # not USER_HZ, so we have to use $AGE, not $XFS_AGE. + echo $AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs + echo $AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfssyncd_centisecs + echo 3000 > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfsbufd_centisecs + fi + + case "$KLEVEL" in + "2.4") + echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode + echo "30 500 0 0 $AGE $AGE 60 20 0" > /proc/sys/vm/bdflush + ;; + "2.6") + echo 5 > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode + echo "$AGE" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs + echo "$AGE" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_expire_centisecs + echo "$DIRTY_RATIO" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio + echo "$DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio + ;; + esac + if [ $DO_REMOUNTS -eq 1 ]; then + cat /etc/mtab | while read DEV MP FST OPTS DUMP PASS ; do + PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_mount_opts "$OPTS")" + if [ "$FST" = 'unknown' ]; then + FST=$(deduce_fstype $MP) + fi + case "$FST" in + "ext3"|"reiserfs") + PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_mount_opts commit "$OPTS")" + mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$PARSEDOPTS,commit=$MAX_AGE$NOATIME_OPT + ;; + "xfs") + mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$OPTS$NOATIME_OPT + ;; + esac + if [ -b $DEV ] ; then + blockdev --setra $(($READAHEAD * 2)) $DEV + fi + done + fi + if [ $DO_HD -eq 1 ] ; then + for THISHD in $HD ; do + /sbin/hdparm -S $BATT_HD $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1 + /sbin/hdparm -B 1 $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1 + done + fi + if [ $DO_CPU -eq 1 -a -e /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_min_freq ]; then + if [ $CPU_MAXFREQ = 'slowest' ]; then + CPU_MAXFREQ=`cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_min_freq` + fi + echo $CPU_MAXFREQ > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq + fi + echo "." + ;; + stop) + U_AGE=$((100*$DEF_UPDATE)) + B_AGE=$((100*$DEF_AGE)) + echo -n "Stopping laptop_mode" + echo 0 > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode + if [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer -a ! -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_age_buffer ] ; then + # These need to be restored, if there are no lm_*. + echo $(($XFS_HZ*$DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer + echo $(($XFS_HZ*$DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/sync_interval + elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs ] ; then + # These need to be restored as well. + echo $((100*$DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs + echo $((100*$DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfssyncd_centisecs + echo $((100*$DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfsbufd_centisecs + fi + case "$KLEVEL" in + "2.4") + echo "30 500 0 0 $U_AGE $B_AGE 60 20 0" > /proc/sys/vm/bdflush + ;; + "2.6") + echo "$U_AGE" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs + echo "$B_AGE" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_expire_centisecs + echo "$DEF_DIRTY_RATIO" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio + echo "$DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio + ;; + esac + if [ $DO_REMOUNTS -eq 1 ] ; then + cat /etc/mtab | while read DEV MP FST OPTS DUMP PASS ; do + # Reset commit and atime options to defaults. + if [ "$FST" = 'unknown' ]; then + FST=$(deduce_fstype $MP) + fi + case "$FST" in + "ext3"|"reiserfs") + PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_mount_opts_wfstab $DEV commit $OPTS)" + PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_yesno_opts_wfstab $DEV atime atime $PARSEDOPTS)" + mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$PARSEDOPTS + ;; + "xfs") + PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_yesno_opts_wfstab $DEV atime atime $OPTS)" + mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$PARSEDOPTS + ;; + esac + if [ -b $DEV ] ; then + blockdev --setra 256 $DEV + fi + done + fi + if [ $DO_HD -eq 1 ] ; then + for THISHD in $HD ; do + /sbin/hdparm -S $AC_HD $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1 + /sbin/hdparm -B 255 $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1 + done + fi + if [ $DO_CPU -eq 1 -a -e /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_min_freq ]; then + echo `cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_max_freq` > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq + fi + echo "." + ;; + *) + echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}" 2>&1 + exit 1 + ;; + +esac + +exit 0 +--------------------CONTROL SCRIPT END------------------------------------------ + + +ACPI integration +---------------- + +Dax Kelson submitted this so that the ACPI acpid daemon will +kick off the laptop_mode script and run hdparm. The part that +automatically disables laptop mode when the battery is low was +written by Jan Topinski. + +-----------------/etc/acpi/events/ac_adapter BEGIN------------------------------ +event=ac_adapter +action=/etc/acpi/actions/ac.sh %e +----------------/etc/acpi/events/ac_adapter END--------------------------------- + + +-----------------/etc/acpi/events/battery BEGIN--------------------------------- +event=battery.* +action=/etc/acpi/actions/battery.sh %e +----------------/etc/acpi/events/battery END------------------------------------ + + +----------------/etc/acpi/actions/ac.sh BEGIN----------------------------------- +#!/bin/bash + +# ac on/offline event handler + +status=`awk '/^state: / { print $2 }' /proc/acpi/ac_adapter/$2/state` + +case $status in + "on-line") + /sbin/laptop_mode stop + exit 0 + ;; + "off-line") + /sbin/laptop_mode start + exit 0 + ;; +esac +---------------------------/etc/acpi/actions/ac.sh END-------------------------- + + +---------------------------/etc/acpi/actions/battery.sh BEGIN------------------- +#! /bin/bash + +# Automatically disable laptop mode when the battery almost runs out. + +BATT_INFO=/proc/acpi/battery/$2/state + +if [[ -f /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ]] +then + LM=`cat /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode` + if [[ $LM -gt 0 ]] + then + if [[ -f $BATT_INFO ]] + then + # Source the config file only now that we know we need + if [ -f /etc/default/laptop-mode ] ; then + # Debian + . /etc/default/laptop-mode + elif [ -f /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode ] ; then + # Others + . /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode + fi + MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES=${MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES:-'10'} + + ACTION="`cat $BATT_INFO | grep charging | cut -c 26-`" + if [[ ACTION -eq "discharging" ]] + then + PRESENT_RATE=`cat $BATT_INFO | grep "present rate:" | sed "s/.* \([0-9][0-9]* \).*/\1/" ` + REMAINING=`cat $BATT_INFO | grep "remaining capacity:" | sed "s/.* \([0-9][0-9]* \).*/\1/" ` + fi + if (($REMAINING * 60 / $PRESENT_RATE < $MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES)) + then + /sbin/laptop_mode stop + fi + else + logger -p daemon.warning "You are using laptop mode and your battery interface $BATT_INFO is missing. This may lead to loss of data when the battery runs out. Check kernel ACPI support and /proc/acpi/battery folder, and edit /etc/acpi/battery.sh to set BATT_INFO to the correct path." + fi + fi +fi +---------------------------/etc/acpi/actions/battery.sh END-------------------- + + +Monitoring tool +--------------- + +Bartek Kania submitted this, it can be used to measure how much time your disk +spends spun up/down. See Documentation/laptops/dslm.c diff --git a/Documentation/laptops/sony-laptop.txt b/Documentation/laptops/sony-laptop.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..2bd4e82e --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/laptops/sony-laptop.txt @@ -0,0 +1,139 @@ +Sony Notebook Control Driver (SNC) Readme +----------------------------------------- + Copyright (C) 2004- 2005 Stelian Pop <stelian@popies.net> + Copyright (C) 2007 Mattia Dongili <malattia@linux.it> + +This mini-driver drives the SNC and SPIC device present in the ACPI BIOS of the +Sony Vaio laptops. This driver mixes both devices functions under the same +(hopefully consistent) interface. This also means that the sonypi driver is +obsoleted by sony-laptop now. + +Fn keys (hotkeys): +------------------ +Some models report hotkeys through the SNC or SPIC devices, such events are +reported both through the ACPI subsystem as acpi events and through the INPUT +subsystem. See the logs of acpid or /proc/acpi/event and +/proc/bus/input/devices to find out what those events are and which input +devices are created by the driver. Additionally, loading the driver with the +debug option will report all events in the kernel log. + +Backlight control: +------------------ +If your laptop model supports it, you will find sysfs files in the +/sys/class/backlight/sony/ +directory. You will be able to query and set the current screen +brightness: + brightness get/set screen brightness (an integer + between 0 and 7) + actual_brightness reading from this file will query the HW + to get real brightness value + max_brightness the maximum brightness value + + +Platform specific: +------------------ +Loading the sony-laptop module will create a +/sys/devices/platform/sony-laptop/ +directory populated with some files. + +You then read/write integer values from/to those files by using +standard UNIX tools. + +The files are: + brightness_default screen brightness which will be set + when the laptop will be rebooted + cdpower power on/off the internal CD drive + audiopower power on/off the internal sound card + lanpower power on/off the internal ethernet card + (only in debug mode) + bluetoothpower power on/off the internal bluetooth device + fanspeed get/set the fan speed + +Note that some files may be missing if they are not supported +by your particular laptop model. + +Example usage: + # echo "1" > /sys/devices/platform/sony-laptop/brightness_default +sets the lowest screen brightness for the next and later reboots, + # echo "8" > /sys/devices/platform/sony-laptop/brightness_default +sets the highest screen brightness for the next and later reboots, + # cat /sys/devices/platform/sony-laptop/brightness_default +retrieves the value. + + # echo "0" > /sys/devices/platform/sony-laptop/audiopower +powers off the sound card, + # echo "1" > /sys/devices/platform/sony-laptop/audiopower +powers on the sound card. + + +RFkill control: +--------------- +More recent Vaio models expose a consistent set of ACPI methods to +control radio frequency emitting devices. If you are a lucky owner of +such a laptop you will find the necessary rfkill devices under +/sys/class/rfkill. Check those starting with sony-* in + # grep . /sys/class/rfkill/*/{state,name} + + +Development: +------------ + +If you want to help with the development of this driver (and +you are not afraid of any side effects doing strange things with +your ACPI BIOS could have on your laptop), load the driver and +pass the option 'debug=1'. + +REPEAT: DON'T DO THIS IF YOU DON'T LIKE RISKY BUSINESS. + +In your kernel logs you will find the list of all ACPI methods +the SNC device has on your laptop. + +* For new models you will see a long list of meaningless method names, +reading the DSDT table source should reveal that: +(1) the SNC device uses an internal capability lookup table +(2) SN00 is used to find values in the lookup table +(3) SN06 and SN07 are used to call into the real methods based on + offsets you can obtain iterating the table using SN00 +(4) SN02 used to enable events. +Some values in the capability lookup table are more or less known, see +the code for all sony_call_snc_handle calls, others are more obscure. + +* For old models you can see the GCDP/GCDP methods used to pwer on/off +the CD drive, but there are others and they are usually different from +model to model. + +I HAVE NO IDEA WHAT THOSE METHODS DO. + +The sony-laptop driver creates, for some of those methods (the most +current ones found on several Vaio models), an entry under +/sys/devices/platform/sony-laptop, just like the 'cdpower' one. +You can create other entries corresponding to your own laptop methods by +further editing the source (see the 'sony_nc_values' table, and add a new +entry to this table with your get/set method names using the +SNC_HANDLE_NAMES macro). + +Your mission, should you accept it, is to try finding out what +those entries are for, by reading/writing random values from/to those +files and find out what is the impact on your laptop. + +Should you find anything interesting, please report it back to me, +I will not disavow all knowledge of your actions :) + +See also http://www.linux.it/~malattia/wiki/index.php/Sony_drivers for other +useful info. + +Bugs/Limitations: +----------------- + +* This driver is not based on official documentation from Sony + (because there is none), so there is no guarantee this driver + will work at all, or do the right thing. Although this hasn't + happened to me, this driver could do very bad things to your + laptop, including permanent damage. + +* The sony-laptop and sonypi drivers do not interact at all. In the + future, sonypi will be removed and replaced by sony-laptop. + +* spicctrl, which is the userspace tool used to communicate with the + sonypi driver (through /dev/sonypi) is deprecated as well since all + its features are now available under the sysfs tree via sony-laptop. diff --git a/Documentation/laptops/sonypi.txt b/Documentation/laptops/sonypi.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..4857acfc --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/laptops/sonypi.txt @@ -0,0 +1,152 @@ +Sony Programmable I/O Control Device Driver Readme +-------------------------------------------------- + Copyright (C) 2001-2004 Stelian Pop <stelian@popies.net> + Copyright (C) 2001-2002 Alcôve <www.alcove.com> + Copyright (C) 2001 Michael Ashley <m.ashley@unsw.edu.au> + Copyright (C) 2001 Junichi Morita <jun1m@mars.dti.ne.jp> + Copyright (C) 2000 Takaya Kinjo <t-kinjo@tc4.so-net.ne.jp> + Copyright (C) 2000 Andrew Tridgell <tridge@samba.org> + +This driver enables access to the Sony Programmable I/O Control Device which +can be found in many Sony Vaio laptops. Some newer Sony laptops (seems to be +limited to new FX series laptops, at least the FX501 and the FX702) lack a +sonypi device and are not supported at all by this driver. + +It will give access (through a user space utility) to some events those laptops +generate, like: + - jogdial events (the small wheel on the side of Vaios) + - capture button events (only on Vaio Picturebook series) + - Fn keys + - bluetooth button (only on C1VR model) + - programmable keys, back, help, zoom, thumbphrase buttons, etc. + (when available) + +Those events (see linux/sonypi.h) can be polled using the character device node +/dev/sonypi (major 10, minor auto allocated or specified as a option). +A simple daemon which translates the jogdial movements into mouse wheel events +can be downloaded at: <http://popies.net/sonypi/> + +Another option to intercept the events is to get them directly through the +input layer. + +This driver supports also some ioctl commands for setting the LCD screen +brightness and querying the batteries charge information (some more +commands may be added in the future). + +This driver can also be used to set the camera controls on Picturebook series +(brightness, contrast etc), and is used by the video4linux driver for the +Motion Eye camera. + +Please note that this driver was created by reverse engineering the Windows +driver and the ACPI BIOS, because Sony doesn't agree to release any programming +specs for its laptops. If someone convinces them to do so, drop me a note. + +Driver options: +--------------- + +Several options can be passed to the sonypi driver using the standard +module argument syntax (<param>=<value> when passing the option to the +module or sonypi.<param>=<value> on the kernel boot line when sonypi is +statically linked into the kernel). Those options are: + + minor: minor number of the misc device /dev/sonypi, + default is -1 (automatic allocation, see /proc/misc + or kernel logs) + + camera: if you have a PictureBook series Vaio (with the + integrated MotionEye camera), set this parameter to 1 + in order to let the driver access to the camera + + fnkeyinit: on some Vaios (C1VE, C1VR etc), the Fn key events don't + get enabled unless you set this parameter to 1. + Do not use this option unless it's actually necessary, + some Vaio models don't deal well with this option. + This option is available only if the kernel is + compiled without ACPI support (since it conflicts + with it and it shouldn't be required anyway if + ACPI is already enabled). + + verbose: set to 1 to print unknown events received from the + sonypi device. + set to 2 to print all events received from the + sonypi device. + + compat: uses some compatibility code for enabling the sonypi + events. If the driver worked for you in the past + (prior to version 1.5) and does not work anymore, + add this option and report to the author. + + mask: event mask telling the driver what events will be + reported to the user. This parameter is required for + some Vaio models where the hardware reuses values + used in other Vaio models (like the FX series who does + not have a jogdial but reuses the jogdial events for + programmable keys events). The default event mask is + set to 0xffffffff, meaning that all possible events + will be tried. You can use the following bits to + construct your own event mask (from + drivers/char/sonypi.h): + SONYPI_JOGGER_MASK 0x0001 + SONYPI_CAPTURE_MASK 0x0002 + SONYPI_FNKEY_MASK 0x0004 + SONYPI_BLUETOOTH_MASK 0x0008 + SONYPI_PKEY_MASK 0x0010 + SONYPI_BACK_MASK 0x0020 + SONYPI_HELP_MASK 0x0040 + SONYPI_LID_MASK 0x0080 + SONYPI_ZOOM_MASK 0x0100 + SONYPI_THUMBPHRASE_MASK 0x0200 + SONYPI_MEYE_MASK 0x0400 + SONYPI_MEMORYSTICK_MASK 0x0800 + SONYPI_BATTERY_MASK 0x1000 + SONYPI_WIRELESS_MASK 0x2000 + + useinput: if set (which is the default) two input devices are + created, one which interprets the jogdial events as + mouse events, the other one which acts like a + keyboard reporting the pressing of the special keys. + +Module use: +----------- + +In order to automatically load the sonypi module on use, you can put those +lines in your /etc/modprobe.conf file: + + alias char-major-10-250 sonypi + options sonypi minor=250 + +This supposes the use of minor 250 for the sonypi device: + + # mknod /dev/sonypi c 10 250 + +Bugs: +----- + + - several users reported that this driver disables the BIOS-managed + Fn-keys which put the laptop in sleeping state, or switch the + external monitor on/off. There is no workaround yet, since this + driver disables all APM management for those keys, by enabling the + ACPI management (and the ACPI core stuff is not complete yet). If + you have one of those laptops with working Fn keys and want to + continue to use them, don't use this driver. + + - some users reported that the laptop speed is lower (dhrystone + tested) when using the driver with the fnkeyinit parameter. I cannot + reproduce it on my laptop and not all users have this problem. + This happens because the fnkeyinit parameter enables the ACPI + mode (but without additional ACPI control, like processor + speed handling etc). Use ACPI instead of APM if it works on your + laptop. + + - sonypi lacks the ability to distinguish between certain key + events on some models. + + - some models with the nvidia card (geforce go 6200 tc) uses a + different way to adjust the backlighting of the screen. There + is a userspace utility to adjust the brightness on those models, + which can be downloaded from + http://www.acc.umu.se/~erikw/program/smartdimmer-0.1.tar.bz2 + + - since all development was done by reverse engineering, there is + _absolutely no guarantee_ that this driver will not crash your + laptop. Permanently. diff --git a/Documentation/laptops/thinkpad-acpi.txt b/Documentation/laptops/thinkpad-acpi.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..61815483 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/laptops/thinkpad-acpi.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1519 @@ + ThinkPad ACPI Extras Driver + + Version 0.24 + December 11th, 2009 + + Borislav Deianov <borislav@users.sf.net> + Henrique de Moraes Holschuh <hmh@hmh.eng.br> + http://ibm-acpi.sf.net/ + + +This is a Linux driver for the IBM and Lenovo ThinkPad laptops. It +supports various features of these laptops which are accessible +through the ACPI and ACPI EC framework, but not otherwise fully +supported by the generic Linux ACPI drivers. + +This driver used to be named ibm-acpi until kernel 2.6.21 and release +0.13-20070314. It used to be in the drivers/acpi tree, but it was +moved to the drivers/misc tree and renamed to thinkpad-acpi for kernel +2.6.22, and release 0.14. It was moved to drivers/platform/x86 for +kernel 2.6.29 and release 0.22. + +The driver is named "thinkpad-acpi". In some places, like module +names and log messages, "thinkpad_acpi" is used because of userspace +issues. + +"tpacpi" is used as a shorthand where "thinkpad-acpi" would be too +long due to length limitations on some Linux kernel versions. + +Status +------ + +The features currently supported are the following (see below for +detailed description): + + - Fn key combinations + - Bluetooth enable and disable + - video output switching, expansion control + - ThinkLight on and off + - CMOS/UCMS control + - LED control + - ACPI sounds + - temperature sensors + - Experimental: embedded controller register dump + - LCD brightness control + - Volume control + - Fan control and monitoring: fan speed, fan enable/disable + - WAN enable and disable + - UWB enable and disable + +A compatibility table by model and feature is maintained on the web +site, http://ibm-acpi.sf.net/. I appreciate any success or failure +reports, especially if they add to or correct the compatibility table. +Please include the following information in your report: + + - ThinkPad model name + - a copy of your ACPI tables, using the "acpidump" utility + - a copy of the output of dmidecode, with serial numbers + and UUIDs masked off + - which driver features work and which don't + - the observed behavior of non-working features + +Any other comments or patches are also more than welcome. + + +Installation +------------ + +If you are compiling this driver as included in the Linux kernel +sources, look for the CONFIG_THINKPAD_ACPI Kconfig option. +It is located on the menu path: "Device Drivers" -> "X86 Platform +Specific Device Drivers" -> "ThinkPad ACPI Laptop Extras". + + +Features +-------- + +The driver exports two different interfaces to userspace, which can be +used to access the features it provides. One is a legacy procfs-based +interface, which will be removed at some time in the future. The other +is a new sysfs-based interface which is not complete yet. + +The procfs interface creates the /proc/acpi/ibm directory. There is a +file under that directory for each feature it supports. The procfs +interface is mostly frozen, and will change very little if at all: it +will not be extended to add any new functionality in the driver, instead +all new functionality will be implemented on the sysfs interface. + +The sysfs interface tries to blend in the generic Linux sysfs subsystems +and classes as much as possible. Since some of these subsystems are not +yet ready or stabilized, it is expected that this interface will change, +and any and all userspace programs must deal with it. + + +Notes about the sysfs interface: + +Unlike what was done with the procfs interface, correctness when talking +to the sysfs interfaces will be enforced, as will correctness in the +thinkpad-acpi's implementation of sysfs interfaces. + +Also, any bugs in the thinkpad-acpi sysfs driver code or in the +thinkpad-acpi's implementation of the sysfs interfaces will be fixed for +maximum correctness, even if that means changing an interface in +non-compatible ways. As these interfaces mature both in the kernel and +in thinkpad-acpi, such changes should become quite rare. + +Applications interfacing to the thinkpad-acpi sysfs interfaces must +follow all sysfs guidelines and correctly process all errors (the sysfs +interface makes extensive use of errors). File descriptors and open / +close operations to the sysfs inodes must also be properly implemented. + +The version of thinkpad-acpi's sysfs interface is exported by the driver +as a driver attribute (see below). + +Sysfs driver attributes are on the driver's sysfs attribute space, +for 2.6.23+ this is /sys/bus/platform/drivers/thinkpad_acpi/ and +/sys/bus/platform/drivers/thinkpad_hwmon/ + +Sysfs device attributes are on the thinkpad_acpi device sysfs attribute +space, for 2.6.23+ this is /sys/devices/platform/thinkpad_acpi/. + +Sysfs device attributes for the sensors and fan are on the +thinkpad_hwmon device's sysfs attribute space, but you should locate it +looking for a hwmon device with the name attribute of "thinkpad", or +better yet, through libsensors. + + +Driver version +-------------- + +procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/driver +sysfs driver attribute: version + +The driver name and version. No commands can be written to this file. + + +Sysfs interface version +----------------------- + +sysfs driver attribute: interface_version + +Version of the thinkpad-acpi sysfs interface, as an unsigned long +(output in hex format: 0xAAAABBCC), where: + AAAA - major revision + BB - minor revision + CC - bugfix revision + +The sysfs interface version changelog for the driver can be found at the +end of this document. Changes to the sysfs interface done by the kernel +subsystems are not documented here, nor are they tracked by this +attribute. + +Changes to the thinkpad-acpi sysfs interface are only considered +non-experimental when they are submitted to Linux mainline, at which +point the changes in this interface are documented and interface_version +may be updated. If you are using any thinkpad-acpi features not yet +sent to mainline for merging, you do so on your own risk: these features +may disappear, or be implemented in a different and incompatible way by +the time they are merged in Linux mainline. + +Changes that are backwards-compatible by nature (e.g. the addition of +attributes that do not change the way the other attributes work) do not +always warrant an update of interface_version. Therefore, one must +expect that an attribute might not be there, and deal with it properly +(an attribute not being there *is* a valid way to make it clear that a +feature is not available in sysfs). + + +Hot keys +-------- + +procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey +sysfs device attribute: hotkey_* + +In a ThinkPad, the ACPI HKEY handler is responsible for communicating +some important events and also keyboard hot key presses to the operating +system. Enabling the hotkey functionality of thinkpad-acpi signals the +firmware that such a driver is present, and modifies how the ThinkPad +firmware will behave in many situations. + +The driver enables the HKEY ("hot key") event reporting automatically +when loaded, and disables it when it is removed. + +The driver will report HKEY events in the following format: + + ibm/hotkey HKEY 00000080 0000xxxx + +Some of these events refer to hot key presses, but not all of them. + +The driver will generate events over the input layer for hot keys and +radio switches, and over the ACPI netlink layer for other events. The +input layer support accepts the standard IOCTLs to remap the keycodes +assigned to each hot key. + +The hot key bit mask allows some control over which hot keys generate +events. If a key is "masked" (bit set to 0 in the mask), the firmware +will handle it. If it is "unmasked", it signals the firmware that +thinkpad-acpi would prefer to handle it, if the firmware would be so +kind to allow it (and it often doesn't!). + +Not all bits in the mask can be modified. Not all bits that can be +modified do anything. Not all hot keys can be individually controlled +by the mask. Some models do not support the mask at all. The behaviour +of the mask is, therefore, highly dependent on the ThinkPad model. + +The driver will filter out any unmasked hotkeys, so even if the firmware +doesn't allow disabling an specific hotkey, the driver will not report +events for unmasked hotkeys. + +Note that unmasking some keys prevents their default behavior. For +example, if Fn+F5 is unmasked, that key will no longer enable/disable +Bluetooth by itself in firmware. + +Note also that not all Fn key combinations are supported through ACPI +depending on the ThinkPad model and firmware version. On those +ThinkPads, it is still possible to support some extra hotkeys by +polling the "CMOS NVRAM" at least 10 times per second. The driver +attempts to enables this functionality automatically when required. + +procfs notes: + +The following commands can be written to the /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey file: + + echo 0xffffffff > /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey -- enable all hot keys + echo 0 > /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey -- disable all possible hot keys + ... any other 8-hex-digit mask ... + echo reset > /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey -- restore the recommended mask + +The following commands have been deprecated and will cause the kernel +to log a warning: + + echo enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey -- does nothing + echo disable > /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey -- returns an error + +The procfs interface does not support NVRAM polling control. So as to +maintain maximum bug-to-bug compatibility, it does not report any masks, +nor does it allow one to manipulate the hot key mask when the firmware +does not support masks at all, even if NVRAM polling is in use. + +sysfs notes: + + hotkey_bios_enabled: + DEPRECATED, WILL BE REMOVED SOON. + + Returns 0. + + hotkey_bios_mask: + DEPRECATED, DON'T USE, WILL BE REMOVED IN THE FUTURE. + + Returns the hot keys mask when thinkpad-acpi was loaded. + Upon module unload, the hot keys mask will be restored + to this value. This is always 0x80c, because those are + the hotkeys that were supported by ancient firmware + without mask support. + + hotkey_enable: + DEPRECATED, WILL BE REMOVED SOON. + + 0: returns -EPERM + 1: does nothing + + hotkey_mask: + bit mask to enable reporting (and depending on + the firmware, ACPI event generation) for each hot key + (see above). Returns the current status of the hot keys + mask, and allows one to modify it. + + hotkey_all_mask: + bit mask that should enable event reporting for all + supported hot keys, when echoed to hotkey_mask above. + Unless you know which events need to be handled + passively (because the firmware *will* handle them + anyway), do *not* use hotkey_all_mask. Use + hotkey_recommended_mask, instead. You have been warned. + + hotkey_recommended_mask: + bit mask that should enable event reporting for all + supported hot keys, except those which are always + handled by the firmware anyway. Echo it to + hotkey_mask above, to use. This is the default mask + used by the driver. + + hotkey_source_mask: + bit mask that selects which hot keys will the driver + poll the NVRAM for. This is auto-detected by the driver + based on the capabilities reported by the ACPI firmware, + but it can be overridden at runtime. + + Hot keys whose bits are set in hotkey_source_mask are + polled for in NVRAM, and reported as hotkey events if + enabled in hotkey_mask. Only a few hot keys are + available through CMOS NVRAM polling. + + Warning: when in NVRAM mode, the volume up/down/mute + keys are synthesized according to changes in the mixer, + which uses a single volume up or volume down hotkey + press to unmute, as per the ThinkPad volume mixer user + interface. When in ACPI event mode, volume up/down/mute + events are reported by the firmware and can behave + differently (and that behaviour changes with firmware + version -- not just with firmware models -- as well as + OSI(Linux) state). + + hotkey_poll_freq: + frequency in Hz for hot key polling. It must be between + 0 and 25 Hz. Polling is only carried out when strictly + needed. + + Setting hotkey_poll_freq to zero disables polling, and + will cause hot key presses that require NVRAM polling + to never be reported. + + Setting hotkey_poll_freq too low may cause repeated + pressings of the same hot key to be misreported as a + single key press, or to not even be detected at all. + The recommended polling frequency is 10Hz. + + hotkey_radio_sw: + If the ThinkPad has a hardware radio switch, this + attribute will read 0 if the switch is in the "radios + disabled" position, and 1 if the switch is in the + "radios enabled" position. + + This attribute has poll()/select() support. + + hotkey_tablet_mode: + If the ThinkPad has tablet capabilities, this attribute + will read 0 if the ThinkPad is in normal mode, and + 1 if the ThinkPad is in tablet mode. + + This attribute has poll()/select() support. + + hotkey_report_mode: + Returns the state of the procfs ACPI event report mode + filter for hot keys. If it is set to 1 (the default), + all hot key presses are reported both through the input + layer and also as ACPI events through procfs (but not + through netlink). If it is set to 2, hot key presses + are reported only through the input layer. + + This attribute is read-only in kernels 2.6.23 or later, + and read-write on earlier kernels. + + May return -EPERM (write access locked out by module + parameter) or -EACCES (read-only). + + wakeup_reason: + Set to 1 if the system is waking up because the user + requested a bay ejection. Set to 2 if the system is + waking up because the user requested the system to + undock. Set to zero for normal wake-ups or wake-ups + due to unknown reasons. + + This attribute has poll()/select() support. + + wakeup_hotunplug_complete: + Set to 1 if the system was waken up because of an + undock or bay ejection request, and that request + was successfully completed. At this point, it might + be useful to send the system back to sleep, at the + user's choice. Refer to HKEY events 0x4003 and + 0x3003, below. + + This attribute has poll()/select() support. + +input layer notes: + +A Hot key is mapped to a single input layer EV_KEY event, possibly +followed by an EV_MSC MSC_SCAN event that shall contain that key's scan +code. An EV_SYN event will always be generated to mark the end of the +event block. + +Do not use the EV_MSC MSC_SCAN events to process keys. They are to be +used as a helper to remap keys, only. They are particularly useful when +remapping KEY_UNKNOWN keys. + +The events are available in an input device, with the following id: + + Bus: BUS_HOST + vendor: 0x1014 (PCI_VENDOR_ID_IBM) or + 0x17aa (PCI_VENDOR_ID_LENOVO) + product: 0x5054 ("TP") + version: 0x4101 + +The version will have its LSB incremented if the keymap changes in a +backwards-compatible way. The MSB shall always be 0x41 for this input +device. If the MSB is not 0x41, do not use the device as described in +this section, as it is either something else (e.g. another input device +exported by a thinkpad driver, such as HDAPS) or its functionality has +been changed in a non-backwards compatible way. + +Adding other event types for other functionalities shall be considered a +backwards-compatible change for this input device. + +Thinkpad-acpi Hot Key event map (version 0x4101): + +ACPI Scan +event code Key Notes + +0x1001 0x00 FN+F1 - + +0x1002 0x01 FN+F2 IBM: battery (rare) + Lenovo: Screen lock + +0x1003 0x02 FN+F3 Many IBM models always report + this hot key, even with hot keys + disabled or with Fn+F3 masked + off + IBM: screen lock, often turns + off the ThinkLight as side-effect + Lenovo: battery + +0x1004 0x03 FN+F4 Sleep button (ACPI sleep button + semantics, i.e. sleep-to-RAM). + It is always generate some kind + of event, either the hot key + event or a ACPI sleep button + event. The firmware may + refuse to generate further FN+F4 + key presses until a S3 or S4 ACPI + sleep cycle is performed or some + time passes. + +0x1005 0x04 FN+F5 Radio. Enables/disables + the internal Bluetooth hardware + and W-WAN card if left in control + of the firmware. Does not affect + the WLAN card. + Should be used to turn on/off all + radios (Bluetooth+W-WAN+WLAN), + really. + +0x1006 0x05 FN+F6 - + +0x1007 0x06 FN+F7 Video output cycle. + Do you feel lucky today? + +0x1008 0x07 FN+F8 IBM: toggle screen expand + Lenovo: configure UltraNav, + or toggle screen expand + +0x1009 0x08 FN+F9 - + .. .. .. +0x100B 0x0A FN+F11 - + +0x100C 0x0B FN+F12 Sleep to disk. You are always + supposed to handle it yourself, + either through the ACPI event, + or through a hotkey event. + The firmware may refuse to + generate further FN+F12 key + press events until a S3 or S4 + ACPI sleep cycle is performed, + or some time passes. + +0x100D 0x0C FN+BACKSPACE - +0x100E 0x0D FN+INSERT - +0x100F 0x0E FN+DELETE - + +0x1010 0x0F FN+HOME Brightness up. This key is + always handled by the firmware + in IBM ThinkPads, even when + unmasked. Just leave it alone. + For Lenovo ThinkPads with a new + BIOS, it has to be handled either + by the ACPI OSI, or by userspace. + The driver does the right thing, + never mess with this. +0x1011 0x10 FN+END Brightness down. See brightness + up for details. + +0x1012 0x11 FN+PGUP ThinkLight toggle. This key is + always handled by the firmware, + even when unmasked. + +0x1013 0x12 FN+PGDOWN - + +0x1014 0x13 FN+SPACE Zoom key + +0x1015 0x14 VOLUME UP Internal mixer volume up. This + key is always handled by the + firmware, even when unmasked. + NOTE: Lenovo seems to be changing + this. +0x1016 0x15 VOLUME DOWN Internal mixer volume up. This + key is always handled by the + firmware, even when unmasked. + NOTE: Lenovo seems to be changing + this. +0x1017 0x16 MUTE Mute internal mixer. This + key is always handled by the + firmware, even when unmasked. + +0x1018 0x17 THINKPAD ThinkPad/Access IBM/Lenovo key + +0x1019 0x18 unknown +.. .. .. +0x1020 0x1F unknown + +The ThinkPad firmware does not allow one to differentiate when most hot +keys are pressed or released (either that, or we don't know how to, yet). +For these keys, the driver generates a set of events for a key press and +immediately issues the same set of events for a key release. It is +unknown by the driver if the ThinkPad firmware triggered these events on +hot key press or release, but the firmware will do it for either one, not +both. + +If a key is mapped to KEY_RESERVED, it generates no input events at all. +If a key is mapped to KEY_UNKNOWN, it generates an input event that +includes an scan code. If a key is mapped to anything else, it will +generate input device EV_KEY events. + +In addition to the EV_KEY events, thinkpad-acpi may also issue EV_SW +events for switches: + +SW_RFKILL_ALL T60 and later hardware rfkill rocker switch +SW_TABLET_MODE Tablet ThinkPads HKEY events 0x5009 and 0x500A + +Non hotkey ACPI HKEY event map: +------------------------------- + +Events that are not propagated by the driver, except for legacy +compatibility purposes when hotkey_report_mode is set to 1: + +0x5001 Lid closed +0x5002 Lid opened +0x5009 Tablet swivel: switched to tablet mode +0x500A Tablet swivel: switched to normal mode +0x7000 Radio Switch may have changed state + +Events that are never propagated by the driver: + +0x2304 System is waking up from suspend to undock +0x2305 System is waking up from suspend to eject bay +0x2404 System is waking up from hibernation to undock +0x2405 System is waking up from hibernation to eject bay +0x5010 Brightness level changed/control event +0x6000 KEYBOARD: Numlock key pressed +0x6005 KEYBOARD: Fn key pressed (TO BE VERIFIED) + +Events that are propagated by the driver to userspace: + +0x2313 ALARM: System is waking up from suspend because + the battery is nearly empty +0x2413 ALARM: System is waking up from hibernation because + the battery is nearly empty +0x3003 Bay ejection (see 0x2x05) complete, can sleep again +0x3006 Bay hotplug request (hint to power up SATA link when + the optical drive tray is ejected) +0x4003 Undocked (see 0x2x04), can sleep again +0x4010 Docked into hotplug port replicator (non-ACPI dock) +0x4011 Undocked from hotplug port replicator (non-ACPI dock) +0x500B Tablet pen inserted into its storage bay +0x500C Tablet pen removed from its storage bay +0x6011 ALARM: battery is too hot +0x6012 ALARM: battery is extremely hot +0x6021 ALARM: a sensor is too hot +0x6022 ALARM: a sensor is extremely hot +0x6030 System thermal table changed +0x6040 Nvidia Optimus/AC adapter related (TO BE VERIFIED) + +Battery nearly empty alarms are a last resort attempt to get the +operating system to hibernate or shutdown cleanly (0x2313), or shutdown +cleanly (0x2413) before power is lost. They must be acted upon, as the +wake up caused by the firmware will have negated most safety nets... + +When any of the "too hot" alarms happen, according to Lenovo the user +should suspend or hibernate the laptop (and in the case of battery +alarms, unplug the AC adapter) to let it cool down. These alarms do +signal that something is wrong, they should never happen on normal +operating conditions. + +The "extremely hot" alarms are emergencies. According to Lenovo, the +operating system is to force either an immediate suspend or hibernate +cycle, or a system shutdown. Obviously, something is very wrong if this +happens. + +Compatibility notes: + +ibm-acpi and thinkpad-acpi 0.15 (mainline kernels before 2.6.23) never +supported the input layer, and sent events over the procfs ACPI event +interface. + +To avoid sending duplicate events over the input layer and the ACPI +event interface, thinkpad-acpi 0.16 implements a module parameter +(hotkey_report_mode), and also a sysfs device attribute with the same +name. + +Make no mistake here: userspace is expected to switch to using the input +layer interface of thinkpad-acpi, together with the ACPI netlink event +interface in kernels 2.6.23 and later, or with the ACPI procfs event +interface in kernels 2.6.22 and earlier. + +If no hotkey_report_mode module parameter is specified (or it is set to +zero), the driver defaults to mode 1 (see below), and on kernels 2.6.22 +and earlier, also allows one to change the hotkey_report_mode through +sysfs. In kernels 2.6.23 and later, where the netlink ACPI event +interface is available, hotkey_report_mode cannot be changed through +sysfs (it is read-only). + +If the hotkey_report_mode module parameter is set to 1 or 2, it cannot +be changed later through sysfs (any writes will return -EPERM to signal +that hotkey_report_mode was locked. On 2.6.23 and later, where +hotkey_report_mode cannot be changed at all, writes will return -EACCES). + +hotkey_report_mode set to 1 makes the driver export through the procfs +ACPI event interface all hot key presses (which are *also* sent to the +input layer). This is a legacy compatibility behaviour, and it is also +the default mode of operation for the driver. + +hotkey_report_mode set to 2 makes the driver filter out the hot key +presses from the procfs ACPI event interface, so these events will only +be sent through the input layer. Userspace that has been updated to use +the thinkpad-acpi input layer interface should set hotkey_report_mode to +2. + +Hot key press events are never sent to the ACPI netlink event interface. +Really up-to-date userspace under kernel 2.6.23 and later is to use the +netlink interface and the input layer interface, and don't bother at all +with hotkey_report_mode. + + +Brightness hotkey notes: + +Don't mess with the brightness hotkeys in a Thinkpad. If you want +notifications for OSD, use the sysfs backlight class event support. + +The driver will issue KEY_BRIGHTNESS_UP and KEY_BRIGHTNESS_DOWN events +automatically for the cases were userspace has to do something to +implement brightness changes. When you override these events, you will +either fail to handle properly the ThinkPads that require explicit +action to change backlight brightness, or the ThinkPads that require +that no action be taken to work properly. + + +Bluetooth +--------- + +procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/bluetooth +sysfs device attribute: bluetooth_enable (deprecated) +sysfs rfkill class: switch "tpacpi_bluetooth_sw" + +This feature shows the presence and current state of a ThinkPad +Bluetooth device in the internal ThinkPad CDC slot. + +If the ThinkPad supports it, the Bluetooth state is stored in NVRAM, +so it is kept across reboots and power-off. + +Procfs notes: + +If Bluetooth is installed, the following commands can be used: + + echo enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/bluetooth + echo disable > /proc/acpi/ibm/bluetooth + +Sysfs notes: + + If the Bluetooth CDC card is installed, it can be enabled / + disabled through the "bluetooth_enable" thinkpad-acpi device + attribute, and its current status can also be queried. + + enable: + 0: disables Bluetooth / Bluetooth is disabled + 1: enables Bluetooth / Bluetooth is enabled. + + Note: this interface has been superseded by the generic rfkill + class. It has been deprecated, and it will be removed in year + 2010. + + rfkill controller switch "tpacpi_bluetooth_sw": refer to + Documentation/rfkill.txt for details. + + +Video output control -- /proc/acpi/ibm/video +-------------------------------------------- + +This feature allows control over the devices used for video output - +LCD, CRT or DVI (if available). The following commands are available: + + echo lcd_enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video + echo lcd_disable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video + echo crt_enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video + echo crt_disable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video + echo dvi_enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video + echo dvi_disable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video + echo auto_enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video + echo auto_disable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video + echo expand_toggle > /proc/acpi/ibm/video + echo video_switch > /proc/acpi/ibm/video + +NOTE: Access to this feature is restricted to processes owning the +CAP_SYS_ADMIN capability for safety reasons, as it can interact badly +enough with some versions of X.org to crash it. + +Each video output device can be enabled or disabled individually. +Reading /proc/acpi/ibm/video shows the status of each device. + +Automatic video switching can be enabled or disabled. When automatic +video switching is enabled, certain events (e.g. opening the lid, +docking or undocking) cause the video output device to change +automatically. While this can be useful, it also causes flickering +and, on the X40, video corruption. By disabling automatic switching, +the flickering or video corruption can be avoided. + +The video_switch command cycles through the available video outputs +(it simulates the behavior of Fn-F7). + +Video expansion can be toggled through this feature. This controls +whether the display is expanded to fill the entire LCD screen when a +mode with less than full resolution is used. Note that the current +video expansion status cannot be determined through this feature. + +Note that on many models (particularly those using Radeon graphics +chips) the X driver configures the video card in a way which prevents +Fn-F7 from working. This also disables the video output switching +features of this driver, as it uses the same ACPI methods as +Fn-F7. Video switching on the console should still work. + +UPDATE: refer to https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=2000 + + +ThinkLight control +------------------ + +procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/light +sysfs attributes: as per LED class, for the "tpacpi::thinklight" LED + +procfs notes: + +The ThinkLight status can be read and set through the procfs interface. A +few models which do not make the status available will show the ThinkLight +status as "unknown". The available commands are: + + echo on > /proc/acpi/ibm/light + echo off > /proc/acpi/ibm/light + +sysfs notes: + +The ThinkLight sysfs interface is documented by the LED class +documentation, in Documentation/leds-class.txt. The ThinkLight LED name +is "tpacpi::thinklight". + +Due to limitations in the sysfs LED class, if the status of the ThinkLight +cannot be read or if it is unknown, thinkpad-acpi will report it as "off". +It is impossible to know if the status returned through sysfs is valid. + + +CMOS/UCMS control +----------------- + +procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/cmos +sysfs device attribute: cmos_command + +This feature is mostly used internally by the ACPI firmware to keep the legacy +CMOS NVRAM bits in sync with the current machine state, and to record this +state so that the ThinkPad will retain such settings across reboots. + +Some of these commands actually perform actions in some ThinkPad models, but +this is expected to disappear more and more in newer models. As an example, in +a T43 and in a X40, commands 12 and 13 still control the ThinkLight state for +real, but commands 0 to 2 don't control the mixer anymore (they have been +phased out) and just update the NVRAM. + +The range of valid cmos command numbers is 0 to 21, but not all have an +effect and the behavior varies from model to model. Here is the behavior +on the X40 (tpb is the ThinkPad Buttons utility): + + 0 - Related to "Volume down" key press + 1 - Related to "Volume up" key press + 2 - Related to "Mute on" key press + 3 - Related to "Access IBM" key press + 4 - Related to "LCD brightness up" key press + 5 - Related to "LCD brightness down" key press + 11 - Related to "toggle screen expansion" key press/function + 12 - Related to "ThinkLight on" + 13 - Related to "ThinkLight off" + 14 - Related to "ThinkLight" key press (toggle ThinkLight) + +The cmos command interface is prone to firmware split-brain problems, as +in newer ThinkPads it is just a compatibility layer. Do not use it, it is +exported just as a debug tool. + + +LED control +----------- + +procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/led +sysfs attributes: as per LED class, see below for names + +Some of the LED indicators can be controlled through this feature. On +some older ThinkPad models, it is possible to query the status of the +LED indicators as well. Newer ThinkPads cannot query the real status +of the LED indicators. + +Because misuse of the LEDs could induce an unaware user to perform +dangerous actions (like undocking or ejecting a bay device while the +buses are still active), or mask an important alarm (such as a nearly +empty battery, or a broken battery), access to most LEDs is +restricted. + +Unrestricted access to all LEDs requires that thinkpad-acpi be +compiled with the CONFIG_THINKPAD_ACPI_UNSAFE_LEDS option enabled. +Distributions must never enable this option. Individual users that +are aware of the consequences are welcome to enabling it. + +procfs notes: + +The available commands are: + + echo '<LED number> on' >/proc/acpi/ibm/led + echo '<LED number> off' >/proc/acpi/ibm/led + echo '<LED number> blink' >/proc/acpi/ibm/led + +The <LED number> range is 0 to 15. The set of LEDs that can be +controlled varies from model to model. Here is the common ThinkPad +mapping: + + 0 - power + 1 - battery (orange) + 2 - battery (green) + 3 - UltraBase/dock + 4 - UltraBay + 5 - UltraBase battery slot + 6 - (unknown) + 7 - standby + 8 - dock status 1 + 9 - dock status 2 + 10, 11 - (unknown) + 12 - thinkvantage + 13, 14, 15 - (unknown) + +All of the above can be turned on and off and can be made to blink. + +sysfs notes: + +The ThinkPad LED sysfs interface is described in detail by the LED class +documentation, in Documentation/leds-class.txt. + +The LEDs are named (in LED ID order, from 0 to 12): +"tpacpi::power", "tpacpi:orange:batt", "tpacpi:green:batt", +"tpacpi::dock_active", "tpacpi::bay_active", "tpacpi::dock_batt", +"tpacpi::unknown_led", "tpacpi::standby", "tpacpi::dock_status1", +"tpacpi::dock_status2", "tpacpi::unknown_led2", "tpacpi::unknown_led3", +"tpacpi::thinkvantage". + +Due to limitations in the sysfs LED class, if the status of the LED +indicators cannot be read due to an error, thinkpad-acpi will report it as +a brightness of zero (same as LED off). + +If the thinkpad firmware doesn't support reading the current status, +trying to read the current LED brightness will just return whatever +brightness was last written to that attribute. + +These LEDs can blink using hardware acceleration. To request that a +ThinkPad indicator LED should blink in hardware accelerated mode, use the +"timer" trigger, and leave the delay_on and delay_off parameters set to +zero (to request hardware acceleration autodetection). + +LEDs that are known not to exist in a given ThinkPad model are not +made available through the sysfs interface. If you have a dock and you +notice there are LEDs listed for your ThinkPad that do not exist (and +are not in the dock), or if you notice that there are missing LEDs, +a report to ibm-acpi-devel@lists.sourceforge.net is appreciated. + + +ACPI sounds -- /proc/acpi/ibm/beep +---------------------------------- + +The BEEP method is used internally by the ACPI firmware to provide +audible alerts in various situations. This feature allows the same +sounds to be triggered manually. + +The commands are non-negative integer numbers: + + echo <number> >/proc/acpi/ibm/beep + +The valid <number> range is 0 to 17. Not all numbers trigger sounds +and the sounds vary from model to model. Here is the behavior on the +X40: + + 0 - stop a sound in progress (but use 17 to stop 16) + 2 - two beeps, pause, third beep ("low battery") + 3 - single beep + 4 - high, followed by low-pitched beep ("unable") + 5 - single beep + 6 - very high, followed by high-pitched beep ("AC/DC") + 7 - high-pitched beep + 9 - three short beeps + 10 - very long beep + 12 - low-pitched beep + 15 - three high-pitched beeps repeating constantly, stop with 0 + 16 - one medium-pitched beep repeating constantly, stop with 17 + 17 - stop 16 + + +Temperature sensors +------------------- + +procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/thermal +sysfs device attributes: (hwmon "thinkpad") temp*_input + +Most ThinkPads include six or more separate temperature sensors but only +expose the CPU temperature through the standard ACPI methods. This +feature shows readings from up to eight different sensors on older +ThinkPads, and up to sixteen different sensors on newer ThinkPads. + +For example, on the X40, a typical output may be: +temperatures: 42 42 45 41 36 -128 33 -128 + +On the T43/p, a typical output may be: +temperatures: 48 48 36 52 38 -128 31 -128 48 52 48 -128 -128 -128 -128 -128 + +The mapping of thermal sensors to physical locations varies depending on +system-board model (and thus, on ThinkPad model). + +http://thinkwiki.org/wiki/Thermal_Sensors is a public wiki page that +tries to track down these locations for various models. + +Most (newer?) models seem to follow this pattern: + +1: CPU +2: (depends on model) +3: (depends on model) +4: GPU +5: Main battery: main sensor +6: Bay battery: main sensor +7: Main battery: secondary sensor +8: Bay battery: secondary sensor +9-15: (depends on model) + +For the R51 (source: Thomas Gruber): +2: Mini-PCI +3: Internal HDD + +For the T43, T43/p (source: Shmidoax/Thinkwiki.org) +http://thinkwiki.org/wiki/Thermal_Sensors#ThinkPad_T43.2C_T43p +2: System board, left side (near PCMCIA slot), reported as HDAPS temp +3: PCMCIA slot +9: MCH (northbridge) to DRAM Bus +10: Clock-generator, mini-pci card and ICH (southbridge), under Mini-PCI + card, under touchpad +11: Power regulator, underside of system board, below F2 key + +The A31 has a very atypical layout for the thermal sensors +(source: Milos Popovic, http://thinkwiki.org/wiki/Thermal_Sensors#ThinkPad_A31) +1: CPU +2: Main Battery: main sensor +3: Power Converter +4: Bay Battery: main sensor +5: MCH (northbridge) +6: PCMCIA/ambient +7: Main Battery: secondary sensor +8: Bay Battery: secondary sensor + + +Procfs notes: + Readings from sensors that are not available return -128. + No commands can be written to this file. + +Sysfs notes: + Sensors that are not available return the ENXIO error. This + status may change at runtime, as there are hotplug thermal + sensors, like those inside the batteries and docks. + + thinkpad-acpi thermal sensors are reported through the hwmon + subsystem, and follow all of the hwmon guidelines at + Documentation/hwmon. + +EXPERIMENTAL: Embedded controller register dump +----------------------------------------------- + +This feature is not included in the thinkpad driver anymore. +Instead the EC can be accessed through /sys/kernel/debug/ec with +a userspace tool which can be found here: +ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/people/trenn/sources/ec + +Use it to determine the register holding the fan +speed on some models. To do that, do the following: + - make sure the battery is fully charged + - make sure the fan is running + - use above mentioned tool to read out the EC + +Often fan and temperature values vary between +readings. Since temperatures don't change vary fast, you can take +several quick dumps to eliminate them. + +You can use a similar method to figure out the meaning of other +embedded controller registers - e.g. make sure nothing else changes +except the charging or discharging battery to determine which +registers contain the current battery capacity, etc. If you experiment +with this, do send me your results (including some complete dumps with +a description of the conditions when they were taken.) + + +LCD brightness control +---------------------- + +procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/brightness +sysfs backlight device "thinkpad_screen" + +This feature allows software control of the LCD brightness on ThinkPad +models which don't have a hardware brightness slider. + +It has some limitations: the LCD backlight cannot be actually turned +on or off by this interface, it just controls the backlight brightness +level. + +On IBM (and some of the earlier Lenovo) ThinkPads, the backlight control +has eight brightness levels, ranging from 0 to 7. Some of the levels +may not be distinct. Later Lenovo models that implement the ACPI +display backlight brightness control methods have 16 levels, ranging +from 0 to 15. + +For IBM ThinkPads, there are two interfaces to the firmware for direct +brightness control, EC and UCMS (or CMOS). To select which one should be +used, use the brightness_mode module parameter: brightness_mode=1 selects +EC mode, brightness_mode=2 selects UCMS mode, brightness_mode=3 selects EC +mode with NVRAM backing (so that brightness changes are remembered across +shutdown/reboot). + +The driver tries to select which interface to use from a table of +defaults for each ThinkPad model. If it makes a wrong choice, please +report this as a bug, so that we can fix it. + +Lenovo ThinkPads only support brightness_mode=2 (UCMS). + +When display backlight brightness controls are available through the +standard ACPI interface, it is best to use it instead of this direct +ThinkPad-specific interface. The driver will disable its native +backlight brightness control interface if it detects that the standard +ACPI interface is available in the ThinkPad. + +If you want to use the thinkpad-acpi backlight brightness control +instead of the generic ACPI video backlight brightness control for some +reason, you should use the acpi_backlight=vendor kernel parameter. + +The brightness_enable module parameter can be used to control whether +the LCD brightness control feature will be enabled when available. +brightness_enable=0 forces it to be disabled. brightness_enable=1 +forces it to be enabled when available, even if the standard ACPI +interface is also available. + +Procfs notes: + + The available commands are: + + echo up >/proc/acpi/ibm/brightness + echo down >/proc/acpi/ibm/brightness + echo 'level <level>' >/proc/acpi/ibm/brightness + +Sysfs notes: + +The interface is implemented through the backlight sysfs class, which is +poorly documented at this time. + +Locate the thinkpad_screen device under /sys/class/backlight, and inside +it there will be the following attributes: + + max_brightness: + Reads the maximum brightness the hardware can be set to. + The minimum is always zero. + + actual_brightness: + Reads what brightness the screen is set to at this instant. + + brightness: + Writes request the driver to change brightness to the + given value. Reads will tell you what brightness the + driver is trying to set the display to when "power" is set + to zero and the display has not been dimmed by a kernel + power management event. + + power: + power management mode, where 0 is "display on", and 1 to 3 + will dim the display backlight to brightness level 0 + because thinkpad-acpi cannot really turn the backlight + off. Kernel power management events can temporarily + increase the current power management level, i.e. they can + dim the display. + + +WARNING: + + Whatever you do, do NOT ever call thinkpad-acpi backlight-level change + interface and the ACPI-based backlight level change interface + (available on newer BIOSes, and driven by the Linux ACPI video driver) + at the same time. The two will interact in bad ways, do funny things, + and maybe reduce the life of the backlight lamps by needlessly kicking + its level up and down at every change. + + +Volume control (Console Audio control) +-------------------------------------- + +procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/volume +ALSA: "ThinkPad Console Audio Control", default ID: "ThinkPadEC" + +NOTE: by default, the volume control interface operates in read-only +mode, as it is supposed to be used for on-screen-display purposes. +The read/write mode can be enabled through the use of the +"volume_control=1" module parameter. + +NOTE: distros are urged to not enable volume_control by default, this +should be done by the local admin only. The ThinkPad UI is for the +console audio control to be done through the volume keys only, and for +the desktop environment to just provide on-screen-display feedback. +Software volume control should be done only in the main AC97/HDA +mixer. + + +About the ThinkPad Console Audio control: + +ThinkPads have a built-in amplifier and muting circuit that drives the +console headphone and speakers. This circuit is after the main AC97 +or HDA mixer in the audio path, and under exclusive control of the +firmware. + +ThinkPads have three special hotkeys to interact with the console +audio control: volume up, volume down and mute. + +It is worth noting that the normal way the mute function works (on +ThinkPads that do not have a "mute LED") is: + +1. Press mute to mute. It will *always* mute, you can press it as + many times as you want, and the sound will remain mute. + +2. Press either volume key to unmute the ThinkPad (it will _not_ + change the volume, it will just unmute). + +This is a very superior design when compared to the cheap software-only +mute-toggle solution found on normal consumer laptops: you can be +absolutely sure the ThinkPad will not make noise if you press the mute +button, no matter the previous state. + +The IBM ThinkPads, and the earlier Lenovo ThinkPads have variable-gain +amplifiers driving the speakers and headphone output, and the firmware +also handles volume control for the headphone and speakers on these +ThinkPads without any help from the operating system (this volume +control stage exists after the main AC97 or HDA mixer in the audio +path). + +The newer Lenovo models only have firmware mute control, and depend on +the main HDA mixer to do volume control (which is done by the operating +system). In this case, the volume keys are filtered out for unmute +key press (there are some firmware bugs in this area) and delivered as +normal key presses to the operating system (thinkpad-acpi is not +involved). + + +The ThinkPad-ACPI volume control: + +The preferred way to interact with the Console Audio control is the +ALSA interface. + +The legacy procfs interface allows one to read the current state, +and if volume control is enabled, accepts the following commands: + + echo up >/proc/acpi/ibm/volume + echo down >/proc/acpi/ibm/volume + echo mute >/proc/acpi/ibm/volume + echo unmute >/proc/acpi/ibm/volume + echo 'level <level>' >/proc/acpi/ibm/volume + +The <level> number range is 0 to 14 although not all of them may be +distinct. To unmute the volume after the mute command, use either the +up or down command (the level command will not unmute the volume), or +the unmute command. + +You can use the volume_capabilities parameter to tell the driver +whether your thinkpad has volume control or mute-only control: +volume_capabilities=1 for mixers with mute and volume control, +volume_capabilities=2 for mixers with only mute control. + +If the driver misdetects the capabilities for your ThinkPad model, +please report this to ibm-acpi-devel@lists.sourceforge.net, so that we +can update the driver. + +There are two strategies for volume control. To select which one +should be used, use the volume_mode module parameter: volume_mode=1 +selects EC mode, and volume_mode=3 selects EC mode with NVRAM backing +(so that volume/mute changes are remembered across shutdown/reboot). + +The driver will operate in volume_mode=3 by default. If that does not +work well on your ThinkPad model, please report this to +ibm-acpi-devel@lists.sourceforge.net. + +The driver supports the standard ALSA module parameters. If the ALSA +mixer is disabled, the driver will disable all volume functionality. + + +Fan control and monitoring: fan speed, fan enable/disable +--------------------------------------------------------- + +procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/fan +sysfs device attributes: (hwmon "thinkpad") fan1_input, pwm1, + pwm1_enable, fan2_input +sysfs hwmon driver attributes: fan_watchdog + +NOTE NOTE NOTE: fan control operations are disabled by default for +safety reasons. To enable them, the module parameter "fan_control=1" +must be given to thinkpad-acpi. + +This feature attempts to show the current fan speed, control mode and +other fan data that might be available. The speed is read directly +from the hardware registers of the embedded controller. This is known +to work on later R, T, X and Z series ThinkPads but may show a bogus +value on other models. + +Some Lenovo ThinkPads support a secondary fan. This fan cannot be +controlled separately, it shares the main fan control. + +Fan levels: + +Most ThinkPad fans work in "levels" at the firmware interface. Level 0 +stops the fan. The higher the level, the higher the fan speed, although +adjacent levels often map to the same fan speed. 7 is the highest +level, where the fan reaches the maximum recommended speed. + +Level "auto" means the EC changes the fan level according to some +internal algorithm, usually based on readings from the thermal sensors. + +There is also a "full-speed" level, also known as "disengaged" level. +In this level, the EC disables the speed-locked closed-loop fan control, +and drives the fan as fast as it can go, which might exceed hardware +limits, so use this level with caution. + +The fan usually ramps up or down slowly from one speed to another, and +it is normal for the EC to take several seconds to react to fan +commands. The full-speed level may take up to two minutes to ramp up to +maximum speed, and in some ThinkPads, the tachometer readings go stale +while the EC is transitioning to the full-speed level. + +WARNING WARNING WARNING: do not leave the fan disabled unless you are +monitoring all of the temperature sensor readings and you are ready to +enable it if necessary to avoid overheating. + +An enabled fan in level "auto" may stop spinning if the EC decides the +ThinkPad is cool enough and doesn't need the extra airflow. This is +normal, and the EC will spin the fan up if the various thermal readings +rise too much. + +On the X40, this seems to depend on the CPU and HDD temperatures. +Specifically, the fan is turned on when either the CPU temperature +climbs to 56 degrees or the HDD temperature climbs to 46 degrees. The +fan is turned off when the CPU temperature drops to 49 degrees and the +HDD temperature drops to 41 degrees. These thresholds cannot +currently be controlled. + +The ThinkPad's ACPI DSDT code will reprogram the fan on its own when +certain conditions are met. It will override any fan programming done +through thinkpad-acpi. + +The thinkpad-acpi kernel driver can be programmed to revert the fan +level to a safe setting if userspace does not issue one of the procfs +fan commands: "enable", "disable", "level" or "watchdog", or if there +are no writes to pwm1_enable (or to pwm1 *if and only if* pwm1_enable is +set to 1, manual mode) within a configurable amount of time of up to +120 seconds. This functionality is called fan safety watchdog. + +Note that the watchdog timer stops after it enables the fan. It will be +rearmed again automatically (using the same interval) when one of the +above mentioned fan commands is received. The fan watchdog is, +therefore, not suitable to protect against fan mode changes made through +means other than the "enable", "disable", and "level" procfs fan +commands, or the hwmon fan control sysfs interface. + +Procfs notes: + +The fan may be enabled or disabled with the following commands: + + echo enable >/proc/acpi/ibm/fan + echo disable >/proc/acpi/ibm/fan + +Placing a fan on level 0 is the same as disabling it. Enabling a fan +will try to place it in a safe level if it is too slow or disabled. + +The fan level can be controlled with the command: + + echo 'level <level>' > /proc/acpi/ibm/fan + +Where <level> is an integer from 0 to 7, or one of the words "auto" or +"full-speed" (without the quotes). Not all ThinkPads support the "auto" +and "full-speed" levels. The driver accepts "disengaged" as an alias for +"full-speed", and reports it as "disengaged" for backwards +compatibility. + +On the X31 and X40 (and ONLY on those models), the fan speed can be +controlled to a certain degree. Once the fan is running, it can be +forced to run faster or slower with the following command: + + echo 'speed <speed>' > /proc/acpi/ibm/fan + +The sustainable range of fan speeds on the X40 appears to be from about +3700 to about 7350. Values outside this range either do not have any +effect or the fan speed eventually settles somewhere in that range. The +fan cannot be stopped or started with this command. This functionality +is incomplete, and not available through the sysfs interface. + +To program the safety watchdog, use the "watchdog" command. + + echo 'watchdog <interval in seconds>' > /proc/acpi/ibm/fan + +If you want to disable the watchdog, use 0 as the interval. + +Sysfs notes: + +The sysfs interface follows the hwmon subsystem guidelines for the most +part, and the exception is the fan safety watchdog. + +Writes to any of the sysfs attributes may return the EINVAL error if +that operation is not supported in a given ThinkPad or if the parameter +is out-of-bounds, and EPERM if it is forbidden. They may also return +EINTR (interrupted system call), and EIO (I/O error while trying to talk +to the firmware). + +Features not yet implemented by the driver return ENOSYS. + +hwmon device attribute pwm1_enable: + 0: PWM offline (fan is set to full-speed mode) + 1: Manual PWM control (use pwm1 to set fan level) + 2: Hardware PWM control (EC "auto" mode) + 3: reserved (Software PWM control, not implemented yet) + + Modes 0 and 2 are not supported by all ThinkPads, and the + driver is not always able to detect this. If it does know a + mode is unsupported, it will return -EINVAL. + +hwmon device attribute pwm1: + Fan level, scaled from the firmware values of 0-7 to the hwmon + scale of 0-255. 0 means fan stopped, 255 means highest normal + speed (level 7). + + This attribute only commands the fan if pmw1_enable is set to 1 + (manual PWM control). + +hwmon device attribute fan1_input: + Fan tachometer reading, in RPM. May go stale on certain + ThinkPads while the EC transitions the PWM to offline mode, + which can take up to two minutes. May return rubbish on older + ThinkPads. + +hwmon device attribute fan2_input: + Fan tachometer reading, in RPM, for the secondary fan. + Available only on some ThinkPads. If the secondary fan is + not installed, will always read 0. + +hwmon driver attribute fan_watchdog: + Fan safety watchdog timer interval, in seconds. Minimum is + 1 second, maximum is 120 seconds. 0 disables the watchdog. + +To stop the fan: set pwm1 to zero, and pwm1_enable to 1. + +To start the fan in a safe mode: set pwm1_enable to 2. If that fails +with EINVAL, try to set pwm1_enable to 1 and pwm1 to at least 128 (255 +would be the safest choice, though). + + +WAN +--- + +procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/wan +sysfs device attribute: wwan_enable (deprecated) +sysfs rfkill class: switch "tpacpi_wwan_sw" + +This feature shows the presence and current state of the built-in +Wireless WAN device. + +If the ThinkPad supports it, the WWAN state is stored in NVRAM, +so it is kept across reboots and power-off. + +It was tested on a Lenovo ThinkPad X60. It should probably work on other +ThinkPad models which come with this module installed. + +Procfs notes: + +If the W-WAN card is installed, the following commands can be used: + + echo enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/wan + echo disable > /proc/acpi/ibm/wan + +Sysfs notes: + + If the W-WAN card is installed, it can be enabled / + disabled through the "wwan_enable" thinkpad-acpi device + attribute, and its current status can also be queried. + + enable: + 0: disables WWAN card / WWAN card is disabled + 1: enables WWAN card / WWAN card is enabled. + + Note: this interface has been superseded by the generic rfkill + class. It has been deprecated, and it will be removed in year + 2010. + + rfkill controller switch "tpacpi_wwan_sw": refer to + Documentation/rfkill.txt for details. + + +EXPERIMENTAL: UWB +----------------- + +This feature is marked EXPERIMENTAL because it has not been extensively +tested and validated in various ThinkPad models yet. The feature may not +work as expected. USE WITH CAUTION! To use this feature, you need to supply +the experimental=1 parameter when loading the module. + +sysfs rfkill class: switch "tpacpi_uwb_sw" + +This feature exports an rfkill controller for the UWB device, if one is +present and enabled in the BIOS. + +Sysfs notes: + + rfkill controller switch "tpacpi_uwb_sw": refer to + Documentation/rfkill.txt for details. + + +Multiple Commands, Module Parameters +------------------------------------ + +Multiple commands can be written to the proc files in one shot by +separating them with commas, for example: + + echo enable,0xffff > /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey + echo lcd_disable,crt_enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video + +Commands can also be specified when loading the thinkpad-acpi module, +for example: + + modprobe thinkpad_acpi hotkey=enable,0xffff video=auto_disable + + +Enabling debugging output +------------------------- + +The module takes a debug parameter which can be used to selectively +enable various classes of debugging output, for example: + + modprobe thinkpad_acpi debug=0xffff + +will enable all debugging output classes. It takes a bitmask, so +to enable more than one output class, just add their values. + + Debug bitmask Description + 0x8000 Disclose PID of userspace programs + accessing some functions of the driver + 0x0001 Initialization and probing + 0x0002 Removal + 0x0004 RF Transmitter control (RFKILL) + (bluetooth, WWAN, UWB...) + 0x0008 HKEY event interface, hotkeys + 0x0010 Fan control + 0x0020 Backlight brightness + 0x0040 Audio mixer/volume control + +There is also a kernel build option to enable more debugging +information, which may be necessary to debug driver problems. + +The level of debugging information output by the driver can be changed +at runtime through sysfs, using the driver attribute debug_level. The +attribute takes the same bitmask as the debug module parameter above. + + +Force loading of module +----------------------- + +If thinkpad-acpi refuses to detect your ThinkPad, you can try to specify +the module parameter force_load=1. Regardless of whether this works or +not, please contact ibm-acpi-devel@lists.sourceforge.net with a report. + + +Sysfs interface changelog: + +0x000100: Initial sysfs support, as a single platform driver and + device. +0x000200: Hot key support for 32 hot keys, and radio slider switch + support. +0x010000: Hot keys are now handled by default over the input + layer, the radio switch generates input event EV_RADIO, + and the driver enables hot key handling by default in + the firmware. + +0x020000: ABI fix: added a separate hwmon platform device and + driver, which must be located by name (thinkpad) + and the hwmon class for libsensors4 (lm-sensors 3) + compatibility. Moved all hwmon attributes to this + new platform device. + +0x020100: Marker for thinkpad-acpi with hot key NVRAM polling + support. If you must, use it to know you should not + start a userspace NVRAM poller (allows to detect when + NVRAM is compiled out by the user because it is + unneeded/undesired in the first place). +0x020101: Marker for thinkpad-acpi with hot key NVRAM polling + and proper hotkey_mask semantics (version 8 of the + NVRAM polling patch). Some development snapshots of + 0.18 had an earlier version that did strange things + to hotkey_mask. + +0x020200: Add poll()/select() support to the following attributes: + hotkey_radio_sw, wakeup_hotunplug_complete, wakeup_reason + +0x020300: hotkey enable/disable support removed, attributes + hotkey_bios_enabled and hotkey_enable deprecated and + marked for removal. + +0x020400: Marker for 16 LEDs support. Also, LEDs that are known + to not exist in a given model are not registered with + the LED sysfs class anymore. + +0x020500: Updated hotkey driver, hotkey_mask is always available + and it is always able to disable hot keys. Very old + thinkpads are properly supported. hotkey_bios_mask + is deprecated and marked for removal. + +0x020600: Marker for backlight change event support. + +0x020700: Support for mute-only mixers. + Volume control in read-only mode by default. + Marker for ALSA mixer support. |