tests/asicworld/code_verilog_tutorial_decoder.v


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module decoder (in,out);
input [2:0] in;
output [7:0] out;
wire [7:0] out;
assign out  =  	(in == 3'b000 ) ? 8'b0000_0001 : 
(in == 3'b001 ) ? 8'b0000_0010 : 
(in == 3'b010 ) ? 8'b0000_0100 : 
(in == 3'b011 ) ? 8'b0000_1000 : 
(in == 3'b100 ) ? 8'b0001_0000 : 
(in == 3'b101 ) ? 8'b0010_0000 : 
(in == 3'b110 ) ? 8'b0100_0000 : 
(in == 3'b111 ) ? 8'b1000_0000 : 8'h00;
  	  	 
endmodule
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// $Id: pit82c54.cc,v 1.23 2003/06/29 17:24:52 vruppert Exp $
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
/*
 * Emulator of an Intel 8254/82C54 Programmable Interval Timer.
 * Greg Alexander <yakovlev@usa.com>
 *
 * 
 * Things I am unclear on (greg):
 * 1.)What happens if both the status and count registers are latched,
 *  but the first of the two count registers has already been read?
 *  I.E.: 
 *   latch count 0 (16-bit)
 *   Read count 0 (read LSByte)
 *   READ_BACK status of count 0
 *   Read count 0 - do you get MSByte or status?
 *  This will be flagged as an error.
 * 2.)What happens when we latch the output in the middle of a 2-part
 *  unlatched read?
 * 3.)I assumed that programming a counter removes a latched status.
 * 4.)I implemented the 8254 description of mode 0, not the 82C54 one.
 * 5.)clock() calls represent a rising clock edge followed by a falling
 *  clock edge.
 * 6.)What happens when we trigger mode 1 in the middle of a 2-part 
 *  write?
 */

#include "bochs.h"
#include "pit82c54.h"
#define LOG_THIS this->


void pit_82C54::print_counter(counter_type & thisctr) {
#if 1
  BX_INFO(("Printing Counter"));
  BX_INFO(("count: %d",thisctr.count));
  BX_INFO(("count_binary: %x",thisctr.count_binary));
  BX_INFO(("counter gate: %x",thisctr.GATE));
  BX_INFO(("counter OUT: %x",thisctr.OUTpin));
  BX_INFO(("next_change_time: %d",thisctr.next_change_time));
  BX_INFO(("End Counter Printout"));
#endif
}

void pit_82C54::print_cnum(Bit8u cnum) {
  if(cnum>MAX_COUNTER) {
    BX_ERROR(("Bad counter index to print_cnum"));
  } else {
    print_counter(counter[cnum]);
  }
}

  void pit_82C54::latch_counter(counter_type & thisctr) {
    if(thisctr.count_LSB_latched || thisctr.count_MSB_latched) {
      //Do nothing because previous latch has not been read.;
    } else {
      switch(thisctr.read_state) {
      case MSByte:
	thisctr.outlatch=thisctr.count & 0xFFFF;
	thisctr.count_MSB_latched=1;
	break;
      case LSByte:
	thisctr.outlatch=thisctr.count & 0xFFFF;
	thisctr.count_LSB_latched=1;
	break;
      case LSByte_multiple:
	thisctr.outlatch=thisctr.count & 0xFFFF;
	thisctr.count_LSB_latched=1;
	thisctr.count_MSB_latched=1;
	break;
      case MSByte_multiple:
	if(!(seen_problems & UNL_2P_READ)) {
//	  seen_problems|=UNL_2P_READ;
	  BX_ERROR(("Unknown behavior when latching during 2-part read."));
	  BX_ERROR(("  This message will not be repeated."));
	}
	//I guess latching and resetting to LSB first makes sense;
	BX_DEBUG(("Setting read_state to LSB_mult"));
	thisctr.read_state=LSByte_multiple;
	thisctr.outlatch=thisctr.count & 0xFFFF;
	thisctr.count_LSB_latched=1;
	thisctr.count_MSB_latched=1;
	break;
      default:
	BX_ERROR(("Unknown read mode found during latch command."));
	break;
      }
    }
  }

  void pit_82C54::set_OUT (counter_type & thisctr, bool data) {
    //This will probably have a callback, so I put it here.
    thisctr.OUTpin=data;
  }

  void  BX_CPP_AttrRegparmN(2)
pit_82C54::set_count (counter_type & thisctr, Bit32u data) {
    thisctr.count=data & 0xFFFF;
    set_binary_to_count(thisctr);
  }

  void  BX_CPP_AttrRegparmN(1)
pit_82C54::set_count_to_binary(counter_type & thisctr) {
    if(thisctr.bcd_mode) {
      thisctr.count=
	(((thisctr.count_binary/1)%10)<<0) |
	(((thisctr.count_binary/10)%10)<<4) |
	(((thisctr.count_binary/100)%10)<<8) |
	(((thisctr.count_binary/1000)%10)<<12)
	;
    } else {
      thisctr.count=thisctr.count_binary;
    }
  }

  void  BX_CPP_AttrRegparmN(1)
pit_82C54::set_binary_to_count(counter_type & thisctr) {
    if(thisctr.bcd_mode) {
      thisctr.count_binary=
	(1*((thisctr.count>>0)&0xF)) +
	(10*((thisctr.count>>4)&0xF)) +
	(100*((thisctr.count>>8)&0xF)) +
	(1000*((thisctr.count>>12)&0xF))
	;
    } else {
      thisctr.count_binary=thisctr.count;
    }
  }

  void  BX_CPP_AttrRegparmN(1)
pit_82C54::decrement (counter_type & thisctr) {
    if(!thisctr.count) {
      if(thisctr.bcd_mode) {
	thisctr.count=0x9999;
	thisctr.count_binary=9999;
      } else {
	thisctr.count=0xFFFF;
	thisctr.count_binary=0xFFFF;
      }
    } else {
      thisctr.count_binary--;
      set_count_to_binary(thisctr);
    }
  }

  void pit_82C54::init (void) {
    Bit8u i;

    put("PIT81");
    settype(PIT81LOG);

    for(i=0;i<3;i++) {
      BX_DEBUG(("Setting read_state to LSB"));
      counter[i].read_state=LSByte;
      counter[i].write_state=LSByte;
      counter[i].GATE=1;
      counter[i].OUTpin=1;
      counter[i].triggerGATE=0;
      counter[i].mode=4;
      counter[i].first_pass=0;
      counter[i].bcd_mode=0;
      counter[i].count=0;
      counter[i].count_binary=0;
      counter[i].state_bit_1=0;
      counter[i].state_bit_2=0;
      counter[i].null_count=0;
      counter[i].rw_mode=1;
      counter[i].count_written=1;
      counter[i].count_LSB_latched=0;
      counter[i].count_MSB_latched=0;
      counter[i].status_latched=0;
      counter[i].next_change_time=0;
    }
    seen_problems=0;
  }

  pit_82C54::pit_82C54 (void) {
    init();
  }

  void pit_82C54::reset (unsigned type) {
  }

void  BX_CPP_AttrRegparmN(2)
pit_82C54::decrement_multiple(counter_type & thisctr, Bit32u cycles) {
  while(cycles>0) {
    if(cycles<=thisctr.count_binary) {
      thisctr.count_binary-=cycles;
      cycles-=cycles;
      set_count_to_binary(thisctr);
    } else {
      cycles-=(thisctr.count_binary+1);
      thisctr.count_binary-=thisctr.count_binary;
      set_count_to_binary(thisctr);
      decrement(thisctr);
    }
  }
}

void pit_82C54::clock_multiple(Bit8u cnum, Bit32u cycles) {
  if(cnum>MAX_COUNTER) {
    BX_ERROR(("Counter number too high in clock"));
  } else {
    counter_type & thisctr = counter[cnum];
    while(cycles>0) {
      if(thisctr.next_change_time==0) {
	if(thisctr.count_written) {
	  switch(thisctr.mode) {
	  case 0:
	    if(thisctr.GATE && (thisctr.write_state!=MSByte_multiple)) {
	      decrement_multiple(thisctr, cycles);
	    }
	    break;
	  case 1:
	    decrement_multiple(thisctr, cycles);
	    break;
	  case 2:
	    if( (!thisctr.first_pass) && thisctr.GATE ) {
	      decrement_multiple(thisctr, cycles);
	    }
	    break;
	  case 3:
	    if( (!thisctr.first_pass) && thisctr.GATE ) {
	      decrement_multiple(thisctr, 2*cycles);
	    }
	    break;
	  case 4:
	    if(thisctr.GATE) {
	      decrement_multiple(thisctr, cycles);
	    }
	    break;
	  case 5:
	    decrement_multiple(thisctr, cycles);
	    break;
	  default:
	    break;
	  }
	}
	cycles-=cycles;
      } else {
	switch(thisctr.mode) {
	case 0:
	case 1:
	case 2:
	case 4:
	case 5:
	  if( thisctr.next_change_time > cycles ) {
	    decrement_multiple(thisctr,cycles);
	    thisctr.next_change_time-=cycles;
	    cycles-=cycles;
	  } else {
	    decrement_multiple(thisctr,(thisctr.next_change_time-1));
	    cycles-=thisctr.next_change_time;
	    clock(cnum);
	  }
	  break;
	case 3:
	  if( thisctr.next_change_time > cycles ) {
	    decrement_multiple(thisctr,cycles*2);
	    thisctr.next_change_time-=cycles;
	    cycles-=cycles;
	  } else {
	    decrement_multiple(thisctr,(thisctr.next_change_time-1)*2);
	    cycles-=thisctr.next_change_time;
	    clock(cnum);
	  }
	  break;
	default:
	  cycles-=cycles;
	  break;
	}
      }
    }
#if 0
    print_counter(thisctr);
#endif
  }
}

  void  BX_CPP_AttrRegparmN(1)
pit_82C54::clock(Bit8u cnum) {
    if(cnum>MAX_COUNTER) {
      BX_ERROR(("Counter number too high in clock"));
    } else {
      counter_type & thisctr = counter[cnum];
      switch(thisctr.mode) {
      case 0:
	if(thisctr.count_written) {
	  if(thisctr.null_count) {
	    set_count(thisctr, thisctr.inlatch);
	    if(thisctr.GATE) {
              if(thisctr.count_binary==0) {
	        thisctr.next_change_time=1;
              } else {
	        thisctr.next_change_time=thisctr.count_binary & 0xFFFF;
	      }
	    } else {
	      thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	    }
	    thisctr.null_count=0;
	  } else {
	    if(thisctr.GATE && (thisctr.write_state!=MSByte_multiple)) {
	      decrement(thisctr);
	      if(!thisctr.OUTpin) {
		thisctr.next_change_time=thisctr.count_binary & 0xFFFF;
		if(!thisctr.count) {
		  set_OUT(thisctr,1);
		}
	      } else {
		thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	      }
	    } else {
	      thisctr.next_change_time=0; //if the clock isn't moving.
	    }
	  }
	} else {
	  thisctr.next_change_time=0; //default to 0.
	}
	thisctr.triggerGATE=0;
	break;
      case 1:
	if(thisctr.count_written) {
	  if(thisctr.triggerGATE) {
	    set_count(thisctr, thisctr.inlatch);
            if(thisctr.count_binary==0) {
              thisctr.next_change_time=1;
            } else {
              thisctr.next_change_time=thisctr.count_binary & 0xFFFF;
            }
	    thisctr.null_count=0;
	    set_OUT(thisctr,0);
	    if(thisctr.write_state==MSByte_multiple) {
	      BX_ERROR(("Undefined behavior when loading a half loaded count."));
	    }
	  } else {
	    decrement(thisctr);
	    if(!thisctr.OUTpin) {
              if(thisctr.count_binary==0) {
	        thisctr.next_change_time=1;
              } else {
	        thisctr.next_change_time=thisctr.count_binary & 0xFFFF;
	      }
	      if(thisctr.count==0) {
		set_OUT(thisctr,1);
	      }
	    } else {
	      thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	    }
	  }
	} else {
	  thisctr.next_change_time=0; //default to 0.
	}
	thisctr.triggerGATE=0;
	break;
      case 2:
	if(thisctr.count_written) {
	  if(thisctr.triggerGATE || thisctr.first_pass) {
	    set_count(thisctr, thisctr.inlatch);
	    thisctr.next_change_time=(thisctr.count_binary-1) & 0xFFFF;
	    thisctr.null_count=0;
	    if(thisctr.inlatch==1) {
	      BX_ERROR(("ERROR: count of 1 is invalid in pit mode 2."));
	    }
	    if(!thisctr.OUTpin) {
	      set_OUT(thisctr,1);
	    }
	    if(thisctr.write_state==MSByte_multiple) {
	      BX_ERROR(("Undefined behavior when loading a half loaded count."));
	    }
	    thisctr.first_pass=0;
	  } else {
	    if(thisctr.GATE) {
	      decrement(thisctr);
	      thisctr.next_change_time=(thisctr.count_binary-1) & 0xFFFF;
	      if(thisctr.count==1) {
		thisctr.next_change_time=1;
		set_OUT(thisctr,0);
		thisctr.first_pass=1;
	      }
	    } else {
	      thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	    }
	  }
	} else {
	  thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	}
	thisctr.triggerGATE=0;
	break;
      case 3:
	if(thisctr.count_written) {
	  if( (thisctr.triggerGATE || thisctr.first_pass
	     || thisctr.state_bit_2) && thisctr.GATE ) {
	    set_count(thisctr, thisctr.inlatch & 0xFFFE);
	    thisctr.state_bit_1=thisctr.inlatch & 0x1;
	    if( (!thisctr.OUTpin) || (!(thisctr.state_bit_1))) {
              if(((thisctr.count_binary/2)-1)==0) {
                thisctr.next_change_time=1;
              } else {
	        thisctr.next_change_time=((thisctr.count_binary/2)-1) & 0xFFFF;
              }
	    } else {
              if((thisctr.count_binary/2)==0) {
                thisctr.next_change_time=1;
              } else {
	        thisctr.next_change_time=(thisctr.count_binary/2) & 0xFFFF;
              }
	    }
	    thisctr.null_count=0;
	    if(thisctr.inlatch==1) {
	      BX_ERROR(("Count of 1 is invalid in pit mode 3."));
	    }
	    if(!thisctr.OUTpin) {
	      set_OUT(thisctr,1);
	    } else if(thisctr.OUTpin && !thisctr.first_pass) {
	      set_OUT(thisctr,0);
	    }
	    if(thisctr.write_state==MSByte_multiple) {
	      BX_ERROR(("Undefined behavior when loading a half loaded count."));
	    }
	    thisctr.state_bit_2=0;
	    thisctr.first_pass=0;
	  } else {
	    if(thisctr.GATE) {
	      decrement(thisctr);
	      decrement(thisctr);
	      if( (!thisctr.OUTpin) || (!(thisctr.state_bit_1))) {
		thisctr.next_change_time=((thisctr.count_binary/2)-1) & 0xFFFF;
	      } else {
		thisctr.next_change_time=(thisctr.count_binary/2) & 0xFFFF;
	      }
	      if(thisctr.count==0) {
		thisctr.state_bit_2=1;
		thisctr.next_change_time=1;
	      }
	      if( (thisctr.count==2) &&
		 ( (!thisctr.OUTpin) || (!(thisctr.state_bit_1)))
		 ) {
		thisctr.state_bit_2=1;
		thisctr.next_change_time=1;
	      }
	    } else {
	      thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	    }
	  }
	} else {
	  thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	}
	thisctr.triggerGATE=0;
	break;
      case 4:
	if(thisctr.count_written) {
	  if(!thisctr.OUTpin) {
	    set_OUT(thisctr,1);
	  }
	  if(thisctr.null_count) {
	    set_count(thisctr, thisctr.inlatch);
	    if(thisctr.GATE) {
              if(thisctr.count_binary==0) {
	        thisctr.next_change_time=1;
	      } else {
	        thisctr.next_change_time=thisctr.count_binary & 0xFFFF;
	      }
	    } else {
	      thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	    }
	    thisctr.null_count=0;
	    if(thisctr.write_state==MSByte_multiple) {
	      BX_ERROR(("Undefined behavior when loading a half loaded count."));
	    }
	    thisctr.first_pass=1;
	  } else {
	    if(thisctr.GATE) {
	      decrement(thisctr);
	      if(thisctr.first_pass) {
		thisctr.next_change_time=thisctr.count_binary & 0xFFFF;
		if(!thisctr.count) {
		  set_OUT(thisctr,0);
		  thisctr.next_change_time=1;
		  thisctr.first_pass=0;
		}
	      } else {
		thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	      }
	    } else {
	      thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	    }
	  }
	} else {
	  thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	}
	thisctr.triggerGATE=0;
	break;
      case 5:
	if(thisctr.count_written) {
	  if(!thisctr.OUTpin) {
	    set_OUT(thisctr,1);
	  }
	  if(thisctr.triggerGATE) {
	    set_count(thisctr, thisctr.inlatch);
            if(thisctr.count_binary==0) {
	      thisctr.next_change_time=1;
	    } else {
              thisctr.next_change_time=thisctr.count_binary & 0xFFFF;
            }
	    thisctr.null_count=0;
	    if(thisctr.write_state==MSByte_multiple) {
	      BX_ERROR(("Undefined behavior when loading a half loaded count."));
	    }
	    thisctr.first_pass=1;
	  } else {
	    decrement(thisctr);
	    if(thisctr.first_pass) {
	      thisctr.next_change_time=thisctr.count_binary & 0xFFFF;
	      if(!thisctr.count) {
		set_OUT(thisctr,0);
		thisctr.next_change_time=1;
		thisctr.first_pass=0;
	      }
	    } else {
	      thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	    }
	  }
	} else {
	  thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	}
	thisctr.triggerGATE=0;
	break;
      default:
	BX_ERROR(("Mode not implemented."));
	thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	thisctr.triggerGATE=0;
	break;
      }
    }
  }

  void pit_82C54::clock_all(Bit32u cycles) {
    BX_DEBUG(("clock_all:  cycles=%d",cycles));
    clock_multiple(0,cycles);
    clock_multiple(1,cycles);
    clock_multiple(2,cycles);
  }

  Bit8u pit_82C54::read(Bit8u address) {
    if(address>MAX_ADDRESS) {
      BX_ERROR(("Counter address incorrect in data read."));
    } else if(address==CONTROL_ADDRESS) {
      BX_DEBUG(("PIT Read: Control Word Register."));
      //Read from control word register;
      /* This might be okay.  If so, 0 seems the most logical
       *  return value from looking at the docs.
       */
      BX_ERROR(("Read from control word register not defined."));
      return 0;
    } else {
      //Read from a counter;
      BX_DEBUG(("PIT Read: Counter %d.",address));
      counter_type & thisctr=counter[address];
      if(thisctr.status_latched) {
	//Latched Status Read;
	if(thisctr.count_MSB_latched &&
	   (thisctr.read_state==MSByte_multiple) ) {
	  BX_ERROR(("Undefined output when status latched and count half read."));
	} else {
	  thisctr.status_latched=0;
	  return thisctr.status_latch;
	}
      } else {
	//Latched Count Read;
	if(thisctr.count_LSB_latched) {
	  //Read Least Significant Byte;
	  if(thisctr.read_state==LSByte_multiple) {
	    BX_DEBUG(("Setting read_state to MSB_mult"));
	    thisctr.read_state=MSByte_multiple;
	  }
	  thisctr.count_LSB_latched=0;
	  return (thisctr.outlatch & 0xFF);
	} else if(thisctr.count_MSB_latched) {
	  //Read Most Significant Byte;
	  if(thisctr.read_state==MSByte_multiple) {
	    BX_DEBUG(("Setting read_state to LSB_mult"));
	    thisctr.read_state=LSByte_multiple;
	  }
	  thisctr.count_MSB_latched=0;
	  return ((thisctr.outlatch>>8) & 0xFF);
	} else {
	  //Unlatched Count Read;
	  if(!(thisctr.read_state & 0x1)) {
	    //Read Least Significant Byte;
	    if(thisctr.read_state==LSByte_multiple) {
	      thisctr.read_state=MSByte_multiple;
	      BX_DEBUG(("Setting read_state to MSB_mult"));
	    }
	    return (thisctr.count & 0xFF);
	  } else {
	    //Read Most Significant Byte;
	    if(thisctr.read_state==MSByte_multiple) {
	      BX_DEBUG(("Setting read_state to LSB_mult"));
	      thisctr.read_state=LSByte_multiple;
	    }
	    return ((thisctr.count>>8) & 0xFF);
	  }
	}
      }
    }
    //Should only get here on errors;
    return 0;
  }

#ifdef BX_VMX_PIT
//extra operations when use vmx pit device model
  void pit_82C54::write_initcount_vmx(Bit8u cnum) {
    if(cnum>MAX_COUNTER) {
      BX_ERROR(("Counter number incorrect\n"));
    }

    ioreq_t *req = &((vcpu_iodata_t *) shared_page)->vp_ioreq;
    extern bx_pic_c *thePic;
    counter_type & thisctr = counter[cnum];
    if(req->pdata_valid) {
      BX_ERROR(("VMX_PIT:err!pit is port io!\n"));
    }

    if (thisctr.mode == 2) {//periodic mode, need HV to help send interrupt
      req->state = STATE_IORESP_HOOK;

//      req->u.data = thisctr.inlatch * 1000 / PIT_FREQ;//init count:16 bit
      req->u.data = thisctr.inlatch;			//init count:16 bit
      //get the pit irq(0)'s vector from pic DM
      req->u.data |= ((thePic->irq_to_vec(0)) << 16 );	//timer vec:8 bit
      req->u.data |= (cnum << 24);			//PIT channel(0~2):2 bit
      req->u.data |= ((thisctr.rw_mode) << 26);		//rw mode:2 bit

      BX_INFO(("VMX_PIT:whole pit hook packet = 0x%llx \n", (req->u.data ) ));
      BX_INFO(("VMX_PIT:init counter = %d ms\n", (req->u.data & 0xFFFF) ));
    }

  }
#endif

  void pit_82C54::write(Bit8u address, Bit8u data) {
    if(address>MAX_ADDRESS) {
      BX_ERROR(("Counter address incorrect in data write."));
    } else if(address==CONTROL_ADDRESS) {
      Bit8u SC, RW, M, BCD;
      controlword=data;
      BX_DEBUG(("Control Word Write."));
      SC = (controlword>>6) & 0x3;
      RW = (controlword>>4) & 0x3;
      M = (controlword>>1) & 0x7;
      BCD = controlword & 0x1;
      if(SC == 3) {
	//READ_BACK command;
	int i;
	BX_DEBUG(("READ_BACK command."));
	for(i=0;i<=MAX_COUNTER;i++) {
	  if((M>>i) & 0x1) {
	    //If we are using this counter;
	    counter_type & thisctr=counter[i];
	    if(!((controlword>>5) & 1)) {
	      //Latch Count;
	      latch_counter(thisctr);
	    }
	    if(!((controlword>>4) & 1)) {
	      //Latch Status;
	      if(thisctr.status_latched) {
		//Do nothing because latched status has not been read.;
	      } else {
		thisctr.status_latch=
		  ((thisctr.OUTpin & 0x1) << 7) |
		  ((thisctr.null_count & 0x1) << 6) |
		  ((thisctr.rw_mode & 0x3) << 4) |
		  ((thisctr.mode & 0x7) << 1) |
		  (thisctr.bcd_mode&0x1)
		  ;
		thisctr.status_latched=1;
	      }
	    }
	  }
	}
      } else {
	counter_type & thisctr = counter[SC];
	if(!RW) {
	  //Counter Latch command;
	  BX_DEBUG(("Counter Latch command.  SC=%d",SC));
	  latch_counter(thisctr);
	} else {
	  //Counter Program Command;
	  BX_DEBUG(("Counter Program command.  SC=%d, RW=%d, M=%d, BCD=%d",SC,RW,M,BCD));
	  thisctr.null_count=1;
	  thisctr.count_LSB_latched=0;
	  thisctr.count_MSB_latched=0;
	  thisctr.status_latched=0;
	  thisctr.inlatch=0;
	  thisctr.count_written=0;
	  thisctr.first_pass=1;
	  thisctr.rw_mode=RW;
	  thisctr.bcd_mode=(BCD > 0);
	  thisctr.mode=M;
	  switch(RW) {
	  case 0x1:
	    BX_DEBUG(("Setting read_state to LSB"));
	    thisctr.read_state=LSByte;
	    thisctr.write_state=LSByte;
	    break;
	  case 0x2:
	    BX_DEBUG(("Setting read_state to MSB"));
	    thisctr.read_state=MSByte;
	    thisctr.write_state=MSByte;
	    break;
	  case 0x3:
	    BX_DEBUG(("Setting read_state to LSB_mult"));
	    thisctr.read_state=LSByte_multiple;
	    thisctr.write_state=LSByte_multiple;
	    break;
	  default:
	    BX_ERROR(("RW field invalid in control word write."));
	    break;
	  }
	  //All modes except mode 0 have initial output of 1.;
	  if(M) {
	    set_OUT(thisctr, 1);
	  } else {
	    set_OUT(thisctr, 0);
	  }
	  thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	}
      }
    } else {
      //Write to counter initial value.
      counter_type & thisctr = counter[address];
      BX_DEBUG(("Write Initial Count: counter=%d, count=%d",address,data));
      switch(thisctr.write_state) {
      case LSByte_multiple:
	thisctr.inlatch=(thisctr.inlatch & (0xFF<<8)) | data;
	thisctr.write_state=MSByte_multiple;
	break;
      case LSByte:
	thisctr.inlatch=(thisctr.inlatch & (0xFF<<8)) | data;
	thisctr.null_count=1;
	thisctr.count_written=1;
#ifdef BX_VMX_PIT
	write_initcount_vmx(address);
#endif
	break;
      case MSByte_multiple:
	thisctr.write_state=LSByte_multiple;
      case MSByte: //shared between MSB_multiple and MSByte
	thisctr.inlatch=(thisctr.inlatch & 0xFF) | (data<<8);
	thisctr.null_count=1;
	thisctr.count_written=1;
#ifdef BX_VMX_PIT
	write_initcount_vmx(address);
#endif
	break;
      default:
	BX_ERROR(("write counter in invalid write state."));
	break;
      }
      switch(thisctr.mode) {
      case 0:
	if(thisctr.write_state==MSByte_multiple) {
	  set_OUT(thisctr,0);
	}
	thisctr.next_change_time=1;
	break;
      case 1:
	if(thisctr.triggerGATE) { //for initial writes, if already saw trigger.
	  thisctr.next_change_time=1;
	} //Otherwise, no change.
	break;
      case 6:
      case 2:
	thisctr.next_change_time=1; //FIXME: this could be loosened.
	break;
      case 7:
      case 3:
	thisctr.next_change_time=1; //FIXME: this could be loosened.
	break;
      case 4:
	thisctr.next_change_time=1;
	break;
      case 5:
	if(thisctr.triggerGATE) { //for initial writes, if already saw trigger.
	  thisctr.next_change_time=1;
	} //Otherwise, no change.
	break;
      }
    }
  }

  void pit_82C54::set_GATE(Bit8u cnum, bool data) {
    if(cnum>MAX_COUNTER) {
      BX_ERROR(("Counter number incorrect in 82C54 set_GATE"));
    } else {
      counter_type & thisctr = counter[cnum];
      if(!( (thisctr.GATE&&data) || (!(thisctr.GATE||data)) )) {
        BX_INFO(("Changing GATE %d to: %d",cnum,data));
	thisctr.GATE=data;
	if(thisctr.GATE) {
	  thisctr.triggerGATE=1;
	}
	switch(thisctr.mode) {
	case 0:
	  if(data && thisctr.count_written) {
	    if(thisctr.null_count) {
	      thisctr.next_change_time=1;
	    } else {
	      if( (!thisctr.OUTpin) &&
		  (thisctr.write_state!=MSByte_multiple)
		  ) {
                if(thisctr.count_binary==0) {
		  thisctr.next_change_time=1;
                } else {
		  thisctr.next_change_time=thisctr.count_binary & 0xFFFF;
		}
	      } else {
		thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	      }
	    }
	  } else {
	    if(thisctr.null_count) {
	      thisctr.next_change_time=1;
	    } else {
	      thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	    }
	  }
	  break;
	case 1:
	  if(data && thisctr.count_written) { //only triggers cause a change.
	    thisctr.next_change_time=1;
	  }
	  break;
	case 2:
	  if(!data) {
	    set_OUT(thisctr,1);
	    thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	  } else {
	    if(thisctr.count_written) {
	      thisctr.next_change_time=1;
	    } else {
	      thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	    }
	  }
	  break;
	case 3:
	  if(!data) {
	    set_OUT(thisctr,1);
	    thisctr.first_pass=1;
	    thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	  } else {
	    if(thisctr.count_written) {
	      thisctr.next_change_time=1;
	    } else {
	      thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	    }
	  }
	  break;
	case 4:
	  if(!thisctr.OUTpin || thisctr.null_count) {
	    thisctr.next_change_time=1;
	  } else {
	    if(data && thisctr.count_written) {
	      if(thisctr.first_pass) {
                if(thisctr.count_binary==0) {
		  thisctr.next_change_time=1;
                } else {
		  thisctr.next_change_time=thisctr.count_binary & 0xFFFF;
		}
	      } else {
		thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	      }
	    } else {
	      thisctr.next_change_time=0;
	    }
	  }
	  break;
	case 5:
	  if(data && thisctr.count_written) { //only triggers cause a change.
	    thisctr.next_change_time=1;
	  }
	  break;
	default:
	  break;
	}
      }
    }
  }

  bool pit_82C54::read_OUT(Bit8u cnum) {
    if(cnum>MAX_COUNTER) {
      BX_ERROR(("Counter number incorrect in 82C54 read_OUT"));
      return 0;
    } else {
      return counter[cnum].OUTpin;
    }
  }

  bool pit_82C54::read_GATE(Bit8u cnum) {
    if(cnum>MAX_COUNTER) {
      BX_ERROR(("Counter number incorrect in 82C54 read_GATE"));
      return 0;
    } else {
      return counter[cnum].GATE;
    }
  }

Bit32u pit_82C54::get_clock_event_time(Bit8u cnum) {
  if(cnum>MAX_COUNTER) {
    BX_ERROR(("Counter number incorrect in 82C54 read_GATE"));
    return 0;
  } else {
    return counter[cnum].next_change_time;
  }
}

Bit32u pit_82C54::get_next_event_time(void) {
  Bit32u out;
  Bit32u time0=get_clock_event_time(0);
  Bit32u time1=get_clock_event_time(1);
  Bit32u time2=get_clock_event_time(2);

  out=time0;
  if(time1 && (time1<out))
    out=time1;
  if(time2 && (time2<out))
    out=time2;
  return out;
}