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# MachXO2 Architecture Example
This contains a simple example of running `nextpnr-machxo2`:
* `simple.sh` generates JSON output (`{pack,place,pnr}blinky.json`) of a
classic blinky example from `blinky.v`.
* `simtest.sh` will use `yosys` to generate a Verilog file from
`{pack,place,pnr}blinky.json`, called `{pack,place,pnr}blinky.v`. It will
then and compare `{pack,place,pnr}blinky.v`'s simulation behavior to the
original verilog file (`blinky.v`) using the [`iverilog`](http://iverilog.icarus.com)
compiler and `vvp` runtime. This is known as post-place-and-route simulation.
* `mitertest.sh` is similar to `simtest.sh`, but more comprehensive. This
script creates a [miter circuit](https://www21.in.tum.de/~lammich/2015_SS_Seminar_SAT/resources/Equivalence_Checking_11_30_08.pdf)
to compare the output port values of `{pack,place,pnr}blinky.v` against the
original `blinky.v` _when both modules are fed the same values on their input
ports._
All possible inputs and resulting outputs can be tested in reasonable time by
using `yosys`' built-in SAT solver or [`z3`](https://github.com/Z3Prover/z3),
an external SMT solver.
* `demo.sh` creates bitstreams for [TinyFPGA Ax](https://tinyfpga.com/a-series-guide.html)
and writes the resulting bitstream to MachXO2's internal flash using
[`tinyproga`](https://github.com/tinyfpga/TinyFPGA-A-Programmer).
As `nextpnr-machxo2` is developed the contents `simple.sh`, `simtest.sh`, `mitertest.sh`, and `demo.sh` are subject to change.
## How To Run
The following applies to all `sh` scripts except `demo.sh`.
Each `sh` script runs yosys and nextpnr to validate a blinky design in various
ways. The `mode` argument to each script- `pack`, `place`, or `pnr`- stop
`nextpnr-machxo2` after the specified phase and writes out a JSON file of the
results in `{pack,place,pnr}blinky.json`; `pnr` runs all of the Pack, Place,
and Route phases.
`mitertest.sh` requires an additional option- `sat` or `smt`- to choose between
verifying the miter with either yosys' built-in SAT solver, or an external
SMT solver.
To keep file count lower, all yosys scripts are written inline inside the
`sh` scripts using the `-p` option.
`demo.sh` requires a prefix that matches one of the self-contained Verilog
examples in this directory. For instance, to create a bitstream from
`tinyfpga.v`, use `demo.sh tinyfpga`. The script will catch Verilog files which
are not meant to be programmed onto TinyFPA Ax.
### Clean
To clean output files from _all_ scripts, run:
```
rm -rf *.dot *.json *.png *.vcd *.smt2 *.log *.txt *.bit {pack,place,pnr}*.v blinky_simtest*
```
## Verilog Examples
* `blinky.v`/`blinky_tb.v`- A blinky example meant for simulation.
* `tinyfpga.v`- Blink the LED on TinyFPA Ax.
* `rgbcount.v`- Blink an RGB LED using TinyFPGA Ax, more closely-based on
[the TinyFPGA Ax guide](https://tinyfpga.com/a-series-guide.html).
* `blinky_ext.v`- Blink the LED on TinyFPA Ax using an external pin (pin 6).
* `uart.v`- UART loopback demo at 19200 baud. Requires the following pins:
* Pin 1- RX LED
* Pin 2- TX (will echo RX)
* Pin 3- RX
* Pin 4- TX LED
* Pin 5- Load LED
* Pin 6- 12 MHz clock input
* Pin 7- Take LED
* Pin 8- Empty LED
## Environment Variables For Scripts
* `YOSYS`- Set to the location of the `yosys` binary to test. Defaults to the
`yosys` on the path. You may want to set this to a `yosys` binary in your
source tree if doing development.
* `NEXTPNR`- Set to the location of the `nextpnr-machxo2` binary to test.
Defaults to the `nextpnr-machxo2` binary at the root of the `nextpnr` source
tree. This should be set, for instance, if doing an out-of-tree build of
`nextpnr-machxo2`.
* `CELLS_SIM`- Set to the location of `machxo2/cells_sim.v` simulation models.
Defaults to whatever `yosys-config` associated with the above `YOSYS` binary
returns. You may want to set this to `/path/to/yosys/src/share/machxo2/cells_sim.v`
if doing development; `yosys-config` cannot find these "before-installation"
simulation models.
* `TRELLIS_DB`- Set to the location of the Project Trellis database to use.
Defaults to nothing, which means `ecppack` will use whatever database is on
its path.
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