aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/docs/x509.rst
blob: b3c9380ca4b5f69ffdb60ce7f65b8f2ca6b6eb20 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
X.509
=====

.. currentmodule:: cryptography.x509

X.509 is an ITU-T standard for a `public key infrastructure`_. X.509v3 is
defined in :rfc:`5280` (which obsoletes :rfc:`2459` and :rfc:`3280`). X.509
certificates are commonly used in protocols like `TLS`_.


Loading Certificates
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. function:: load_pem_x509_certificate(data, backend)

    .. versionadded:: 0.7

    Deserialize a certificate from PEM encoded data. PEM certificates are
    base64 decoded and have delimiters that look like
    ``-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----``.

    :param bytes data: The PEM encoded certificate data.

    :param backend: A backend supporting the
        :class:`~cryptography.hazmat.backends.interfaces.X509Backend`
        interface.

    :returns: An instance of :class:`~cryptography.x509.Certificate`.

.. function:: load_der_x509_certificate(data, backend)

    .. versionadded:: 0.7

    Deserialize a certificate from DER encoded data. DER is a binary format
    and is commonly found in files with the ``.cer`` extension (although file
    extensions are not a guarantee of encoding type).

    :param bytes data: The DER encoded certificate data.

    :param backend: A backend supporting the
        :class:`~cryptography.hazmat.backends.interfaces.X509Backend`
        interface.

    :returns: An instance of :class:`~cryptography.x509.Certificate`.

.. testsetup::

    pem_data = b"""
    -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
    MIIDfDCCAmSgAwIBAgIBAjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADBFMQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEf
    MB0GA1UEChMWVGVzdCBDZXJ0aWZpY2F0ZXMgMjAxMTEVMBMGA1UEAxMMVHJ1c3Qg
    QW5jaG9yMB4XDTEwMDEwMTA4MzAwMFoXDTMwMTIzMTA4MzAwMFowQDELMAkGA1UE
    BhMCVVMxHzAdBgNVBAoTFlRlc3QgQ2VydGlmaWNhdGVzIDIwMTExEDAOBgNVBAMT
    B0dvb2QgQ0EwggEiMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEKAoIBAQCQWJpHYo37
    Xfb7oJSPe+WvfTlzIG21WQ7MyMbGtK/m8mejCzR6c+f/pJhEH/OcDSMsXq8h5kXa
    BGqWK+vSwD/Pzp5OYGptXmGPcthDtAwlrafkGOS4GqIJ8+k9XGKs+vQUXJKsOk47
    RuzD6PZupq4s16xaLVqYbUC26UcY08GpnoLNHJZS/EmXw1ZZ3d4YZjNlpIpWFNHn
    UGmdiGKXUPX/9H0fVjIAaQwjnGAbpgyCumWgzIwPpX+ElFOUr3z7BoVnFKhIXze+
    VmQGSWxZxvWDUN90Ul0tLEpLgk3OVxUB4VUGuf15OJOpgo1xibINPmWt14Vda2N9
    yrNKloJGZNqLAgMBAAGjfDB6MB8GA1UdIwQYMBaAFOR9X9FclYYILAWuvnW2ZafZ
    XahmMB0GA1UdDgQWBBRYAYQkG7wrUpRKPaUQchRR9a86yTAOBgNVHQ8BAf8EBAMC
    AQYwFwYDVR0gBBAwDjAMBgpghkgBZQMCATABMA8GA1UdEwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wDQYJ
    KoZIhvcNAQELBQADggEBADWHlxbmdTXNwBL/llwhQqwnazK7CC2WsXBBqgNPWj7m
    tvQ+aLG8/50Qc2Sun7o2VnwF9D18UUe8Gj3uPUYH+oSI1vDdyKcjmMbKRU4rk0eo
    3UHNDXwqIVc9CQS9smyV+x1HCwL4TTrq+LXLKx/qVij0Yqk+UJfAtrg2jnYKXsCu
    FMBQQnWCGrwa1g1TphRp/RmYHnMynYFmZrXtzFz+U9XEA7C+gPq4kqDI/iVfIT1s
    6lBtdB50lrDVwl2oYfAvW/6sC2se2QleZidUmrziVNP4oEeXINokU6T6p//HM1FG
    QYw2jOvpKcKtWCSAnegEbgsGYzATKjmPJPJ0npHFqzM=
    -----END CERTIFICATE-----
    """.strip()

.. doctest::

    >>> from cryptography import x509
    >>> from cryptography.hazmat.backends import default_backend
    >>> cert = x509.load_pem_x509_certificate(pem_data, default_backend())
    >>> cert.serial
    2

X.509 Certificate Object
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. class:: Certificate

    .. versionadded:: 0.7

    .. attribute:: version

        :type: :class:`~cryptography.x509.Version`

        The certificate version as an enumeration. Version 3 certificates are
        the latest version and also the only type you should see in practice.

        :raises cryptography.x509.InvalidVersion: If the version in the
            certificate is not a known
            :class:`X.509 version <cryptography.x509.Version>`.

        .. doctest::

            >>> cert.version
            <Version.v3: 2>

    .. method:: fingerprint(algorithm)

        :param algorithm: The
            :class:`~cryptography.hazmat.primitives.interfaces.HashAlgorithm`
            that will be used to generate the fingerprint.

        :return bytes: The fingerprint using the supplied hash algorithm as
            bytes.

        .. doctest::

            >>> from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import hashes
            >>> cert.fingerprint(hashes.SHA256())
            '\x86\xd2\x187Gc\xfc\xe7}[+E9\x8d\xb4\x8f\x10\xe5S\xda\x18u\xbe}a\x03\x08[\xac\xa04?'

    .. attribute:: serial

        :type: int

        The serial as a Python integer.

        .. doctest::

            >>> cert.serial
            2

    .. method:: public_key()

        :type:
            :class:`~cryptography.hazmat.primitives.interfaces.RSAPublicKey` or
            :class:`~cryptography.hazmat.primitives.interfaces.DSAPublicKey` or
            :class:`~cryptography.hazmat.primitives.interfaces.EllipticCurvePublicKey`

        The public key associated with the certificate.

        .. doctest::

            >>> from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import interfaces
            >>> public_key = cert.public_key()
            >>> isinstance(public_key, interfaces.RSAPublicKey)
            True

    .. attribute:: not_valid_before

        :type: :class:`datetime.datetime`

        A naïve datetime representing the beginning of the validity period for
        the certificate in UTC. This value is inclusive.

        .. doctest::

            >>> cert.not_valid_before
            datetime.datetime(2010, 1, 1, 8, 30)

    .. attribute:: not_valid_after

        :type: :class:`datetime.datetime`

        A naïve datetime representing the end of the validity period for the
        certificate in UTC. This value is inclusive.

        .. doctest::

            >>> cert.not_valid_after
            datetime.datetime(2030, 12, 31, 8, 30)


.. class:: Version

    .. versionadded:: 0.7

    An enumeration for X.509 versions.

    .. attribute:: v1

        For version 1 X.509 certificates.

    .. attribute:: v3

        For version 3 X.509 certificates.

.. class:: InvalidVersion

    This is raised when an X.509 certificate has an invalid version number.

    .. attribute:: parsed_version

        :type: int

        Returns the raw version that was parsed from the certificate.


.. _`public key infrastructure`: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_infrastructure
.. _`TLS`: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security