- imported new files into project

5 files changed, 647 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/examples/usbtool/Makefile b/examples/usbtool/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f79fc03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/usbtool/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+# Name: Makefile
+# Project: usbtool
+# Author: Christian Starkjohann
+# Creation Date: 2008-04-06
+# Tabsize: 4
+# Copyright: (c) 2008 by OBJECTIVE DEVELOPMENT Software GmbH
+# License: GNU GPL v2 (see License.txt) or proprietary (CommercialLicense.txt)
+# This Revision: $Id$
+
+
+# Concigure the following definitions according to your system.
+# This Makefile has been tested on Mac OS X, Linux and Windows.
+
+# Use the following 3 lines on Unix (uncomment the framework on Mac OS X):
+USBFLAGS = `libusb-config --cflags`
+USBLIBS = `libusb-config --libs`
+EXE_SUFFIX =
+
+# Use the following 3 lines on Windows and comment out the 3 above. You may
+# have to change the include paths to where you installed libusb-win32
+#USBFLAGS = -I/usr/local/include
+#USBLIBS = -L/usr/local/lib -lusb
+#EXE_SUFFIX = .exe
+
+NAME = usbtool
+
+OBJECTS = opendevice.o $(NAME).o
+
+CC		= gcc
+CFLAGS	= $(USBFLAGS) -O -g -Wall
+LIBS	= $(USBLIBS)
+
+PROGRAM = $(NAME)$(EXE_SUFFIX)
+
+
+all: $(PROGRAM)
+
+.c.o:
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $<
+
+$(PROGRAM): $(OBJECTS)
+	$(CC) -o $(PROGRAM) $(OBJECTS) $(LIBS)
+
+strip: $(PROGRAM)
+	strip $(PROGRAM)
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o $(PROGRAM)
diff --git a/examples/usbtool/Makefile.windows b/examples/usbtool/Makefile.windows
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1c4aaa1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/usbtool/Makefile.windows
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# Name: Makefile.windows
+# Project: usbtool
+# Author: Christian Starkjohann
+# Creation Date: 2008-04-06
+# Tabsize: 4
+# Copyright: (c) 2008 by OBJECTIVE DEVELOPMENT Software GmbH
+# License: GNU GPL v2 (see License.txt) or proprietary (CommercialLicense.txt)
+# This Revision: $Id$
+
+# You may use this file with
+#   make -f Makefile.windows
+# on Windows with MinGW instead of editing the main Makefile.
+
+include Makefile
+
+USBFLAGS = -I/usr/local/mingw/include
+USBLIBS = -L/usr/local/mingw/lib -lusb
+EXE_SUFFIX = .exe
diff --git a/examples/usbtool/Readme.txt b/examples/usbtool/Readme.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..33f527c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/usbtool/Readme.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+This is the Readme file for usbtool, a general purpose command line utility
+which can send USB requests to arbitrary devices. Usbtool is based on libusb.
+
+
+WHAT IS USBTOOL GOOD FOR?
+=========================
+When you implement a communication protocol like USB, you must usually write
+two programs: one on each end of the communication. For USB, this means that
+you must write a firmware for the device and driver software for the host.
+
+Usbtool can save you the work of writing the host software, at least during
+firmware development and testing. Usbtool can send control-in and -out
+requests to arbitrary devices and send and receive data on interrupt- and
+bulk-endpoints.
+
+Usbtool is not only a useful developer tool, it's also an example for using
+libusb for communication with the device.
+
+
+SYNOPSIS
+========
+  usbtool [options] <command>
+
+
+COMMANDS
+========
+  list
+    This command prints a list of devices found on all available USB busses.
+    Options -v, -V, -p and -P can be used to filter the list.
+
+  control in|out <type> <recipient> <request> <value> <index>
+    Sends a control-in or control-out request to the device. The request
+    parameters are:
+      type ........ Type of request, can be "standard", "class", "vendor" or
+                    "reserved". The type determines which software module in
+                    the device is responsible for answering the request:
+                    Standard requests are answered by the driver, class
+                    requests by the class implementation (e.g. HID, CDC) and
+                    vendor requests by custom code.
+      recipient ... Recipient of the request in the device. Can be "device",
+                    "interface", "endpoint" or "other". For standard and
+                    class requests, the specification defines a recipient for
+                    each request. For vendor requests, choose whatever your
+                    code expects.
+      request ..... 8 bit numeric value identifying the request.
+      value ....... 16 bit numeric value passed to the device.
+      index ....... another 16 bit numeric value passed to the device.
+    Use options -v, -V, -p and -P to single out a particular device. Use
+    options -d or -D to to send data in an OUT request. Use options -n, -O
+    and -b to determine what to do with data received in an IN request.
+
+  interrupt in|out
+    Sends or receives data on an interrupt-out resp. -in endpoint.
+    Use options -v, -V, -p and -P to single out a particular device. Use
+    options -d or -D to to send data to an OUT endpoint. Use options -n, -O
+    and -b to determine what to do with data received from an IN endpoint.
+    Use option -e to set the endpoint number, -c to choose a configuration
+    -i to claim a particular interface.
+
+  bulk in|out
+    Same as "interrupt in" and "interrupt out", but for bulk endpoints.
+
+
+OPTIONS
+=======
+Most options have already been mentioned at the commands which use them.
+here is a complete list:
+
+  -h or -?
+    Prints a short help.
+
+  -v <vendor-id>
+    Numeric vendor ID, can be "*" to allow any VID. Take only devices with
+    matching vendor ID into account.
+
+  -p <product-id>
+    Numeric product ID, can be "*" to allow any PID. Take only devices with
+    matching product ID into account.
+
+  -V <vendor-name-pattern>
+    Shell style matching pattern for vendor name. Take only devices into
+    account which have a vendor name that matches this pattern.
+
+  -P <product-name-pattern>
+    Shell style matching pattern for product name. Take only devices into
+    account which have a product name that matches this pattern.
+
+  -S <serial-pattern>
+    Shell style matching pattern for serial number. Take only devices into
+    account which have a serial number that matches this pattern.
+
+  -d <databytes>
+    Data bytes to send to the device, comma separated list of numeric values.
+    E.g.: "1,2,3,4,5".
+
+  -D <file>
+    Binary data sent to the device should be taken from this file.
+
+  -O <file>
+    Write received data bytes to the given file. Format is either hex or
+    binary, depending on the -b flag. By default, received data is printed
+    to standard output.
+
+  -b
+    Request binary output format for files and standard output. Default is
+    a hexadecimal listing.
+
+  -n <count>
+    Numeric value: Maximum number of bytes to receive. This value is passed
+    directly to the libusb API functions.
+
+  -e <endpoint>
+    Numeric value: Endpoint number for interrupt and bulk commands.
+
+  -t <timeout>
+    Numeric value: Timeout in milliseconds for the request. This value is
+    passed directly to the libusb API functions.
+
+  -c <configuration>
+    Numeric value: Interrupt and bulk endpoints can usually only be used if
+    a configuration and an interface has been chosen. Use -c and -i to
+    specify configuration and interface values.
+
+  -i <interface>
+    Numeric value: Interrupt and bulk endpoints can usually only be used if
+    a configuration and an interface has been chosen. Use -c and -i to
+    specify configuration and interface values.
+
+  -w
+    Usbtool may be too verbose with warnings for some applications. Use this
+    option to suppress USB warnings.
+
+
+NUMERIC VALUES
+==============
+All numeric values can be given in hexadecimal, decimal or octal. Hex values
+are identified by their 0x or 0X prefix, octal values by a leading "0" (the
+digit zero) and decimal values because they start with a non-zero digit. An
+optional sign character is allowed. The special value "*" is translated to
+zero and stands for "any value" in some contexts.
+
+
+SHELL STYLE MATCHING PATTERNS
+=============================
+Some options take shell style matching patterns as an argument. This refers
+to Unix shells and their file wildcard operations:
+  + "*" (asterisk character) matches any number (0 to infinite) of any
+    characters.
+  + "?" matches exactly one arbitrary character.
+  + A list of characters in square brackets (e.g. "[abc]") matches any of the
+    characters in the list. If a dash ("-") is in the list, it must be the
+    first or the last character. If a caret ("^") is in the list, it must
+    not be the first character. A closing square bracket ("]") must be the
+    first character in the list. A range of characters can be specified in
+    the way "[a-z]". This matches all characters with numeric representation
+    (usually ASCII) starting with "a" and ending with "z". The entire
+    construct matches only one character.
+  + A list of characters in square brackets starting with a caret ("^"), e.g.
+    ("[^abc]") matches any character NOT in the list. The other rules are as
+    above.
+  + "\" (backslash) followed by any character matches that following
+    character. This can be used to escape "*", "?", "[" and "\".
+
+
+BUILDING USBTOOL
+================
+Usbtool uses libusb on Unix and libusb-win32 on Windows. These libraries can
+be obtained from http://libusb.sourceforge.net/ and
+http://libusb-win32.sourceforge.net/ respectively. On Unix, a simple "make"
+should compile the sources (although you may have to edit Makefile to
+include or remove additional libraries). On Windows, we recommend that you
+use MinGW and MSYS. See the top level Readme file for details. Edit
+Makefile.windows according to your library installation paths and build with
+"make -f Makefile.windows".
+
+
+EXAMPLES
+========
+To list all devices connected to your computer, do
+
+    usbtool -w list
+
+To check whether our selection options single out the desired device, use eg.
+
+    usbtool -w -P LEDControl list
+
+This command shows all LEDControl devices connected or prints nothing if
+none is found. LEDControl is the device from the "custom-class" example.
+
+You can also send commands to the LEDControl device using usbtool. From
+the file requests.h in custom-class/firmware, we know that the set-status
+request has numeric value 1 and the get-status request is 2. See this file
+for details of the protocol used. We can therefore query the status with
+
+    usbtool -w -P LEDControl control in vendor device 2 0 0
+
+This command prints 0x00 if the LED is off or 0x01 if it is on. To turn the
+LED on, use
+
+    usbtool -w -P LEDControl control out vendor device 1 1 0
+
+and to turn it off, use
+
+    usbtool -w -P LEDControl control out vendor device 1 0 0
+
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+(c) 2008 by OBJECTIVE DEVELOPMENT Software GmbH.
+http://www.obdev.at/
diff --git a/examples/usbtool/make-files.sh b/examples/usbtool/make-files.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..0ba183e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/usbtool/make-files.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Author: Christian Starkjohann
+# Creation Date: 2008-04-17
+# Tabsize: 4
+# Copyright: (c) 2008 by OBJECTIVE DEVELOPMENT Software GmbH
+# License: GNU GPL v2 (see License.txt) or proprietary (CommercialLicense.txt)
+# This Revision: $Id$
+
+
+if [ "$1" = remove ]; then
+    make clean
+    rm -f opendevice.[ch]
+    exit
+fi
+
+cp ../../libs-host/opendevice.[ch] .
diff --git a/examples/usbtool/usbtool.c b/examples/usbtool/usbtool.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe29a06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/usbtool/usbtool.c
@@ -0,0 +1,356 @@
+/* Name: usbtool.c
+ * Project: AVR-USB examples, host side
+ * Author: Christian Starkjohann
+ * Creation Date: 2008-04-06
+ * Tabsize: 4
+ * Copyright: (c) 2008 by OBJECTIVE DEVELOPMENT Software GmbH
+ * License: GNU GPL v2 (see License.txt) or proprietary (CommercialLicense.txt)
+ * This Revision: $Id$
+ */
+
+/*
+General Description:
+This command line tool can perform various USB requests at arbitrary
+USB devices. It is intended as universal host side tool for experimentation
+and debugging purposes. It must be linked with libusb, a library for accessing
+the USB bus from Linux, FreeBSD, Mac OS X and other Unix operating systems.
+Libusb can be obtained from http://libusb.sourceforge.net/.
+On Windows use libusb-win32 from http://libusb-win32.sourceforge.net/.
+*/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#include <usb.h>        /* this is libusb, see http://libusb.sourceforge.net/ */
+#include "opendevice.h" /* common code moved to separate module */
+
+#define DEFAULT_USB_VID         0   /* any */
+#define DEFAULT_USB_PID         0   /* any */
+
+static void usage(char *name)
+{
+    fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [options] <command>\n", name);
+    fprintf(stderr,
+        "Options are:\n"
+        "  -h or -? (print this help and exit)\n"
+        "  -v <vendor-id> (defaults to 0x%x, can be '*' for any VID)\n"
+        "  -p <product-id> (defaults to 0x%x, can be '*' for any PID)\n"
+        "  -V <vendor-name-pattern> (shell style matching, defaults to '*')\n"
+        "  -P <product-name-pattern> (shell style matching, defaults to '*')\n"
+        "  -S <serial-pattern> (shell style matching, defaults to '*')\n"
+        "  -d <databytes> (data byte for request, comma separated list)\n"
+        "  -D <file> (binary data for request taken from file)\n"
+        "  -O <file> (write received data bytes to file)\n"
+        "  -b (binary output format, default is hex)\n"
+        "  -n <count> (maximum number of bytes to receive)\n"
+        "  -e <endpoint> (specify endpoint for some commands)\n"
+        "  -t <timeout> (specify USB timeout in milliseconds)\n"
+        "  -c <configuration> (device configuration to choose)\n"
+        "  -i <interface> (configuration interface to claim)\n"
+        "  -w (suppress USB warnings, default is verbose)\n"
+        "\n"
+        "Commands are:\n"
+        "  list (list all matching devices by name)\n"
+        "  control in|out <type> <recipient> <request> <value> <index> (send control request)\n"
+        "  interrupt in|out (send or receive interrupt data)\n"
+        "  bulk in|out (send or receive bulk data)\n"
+        "For valid enum values for <type> and <recipient> pass \"x\" for the value.\n"
+        "Objective Development's free VID/PID pairs are:\n"
+        "  5824/1500 for vendor class devices\n"
+        "  5824/1503 for HID class devices excluding mice and keyboards\n"
+        "  5824/1505 for CDC-ACM class devices\n"
+        "  5824/1508 for MIDI class devices\n"
+        , DEFAULT_USB_VID, DEFAULT_USB_PID
+    );
+
+
+}
+
+static int  vendorID = DEFAULT_USB_VID;
+static int  productID = DEFAULT_USB_PID;
+static char *vendorNamePattern = "*";
+static char *productNamePattern = "*";
+static char *serialPattern = "*";
+static char *sendBytes = NULL;
+static int  sendByteCount;
+static char *outputFile = NULL;
+static int  endpoint = 0;
+static int  outputFormatIsBinary = 0;
+static int  showWarnings = 1;
+static int  usbTimeout = 5000;
+static int  usbCount = 128;
+static int  usbConfiguration = 1;
+static int  usbInterface = 0;
+
+static int  usbDirection, usbType, usbRecipient, usbRequest, usbValue, usbIndex; /* arguments of control transfer */
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/* ASCII to integer (number parsing) which allows hex (0x prefix),
+ * octal (0 prefix) and decimal (1-9 prefix) input.
+ */
+static int  myAtoi(char *text)
+{
+long    l;
+char    *endPtr;
+
+    if(strcmp(text, "*") == 0)
+        return 0;
+    l = strtol(text, &endPtr, 0);
+    if(endPtr == text){
+        fprintf(stderr, "warning: can't parse numeric parameter ->%s<-, defaults to 0.\n", text);
+        l = 0;
+    }else if(*endPtr != 0){
+        fprintf(stderr, "warning: numeric parameter ->%s<- only partially parsed.\n", text);
+    }
+    return l;
+}
+
+static int  parseEnum(char *text, ...)
+{
+va_list vlist;
+char    *entries[64];
+int     i, numEntries;
+
+    va_start(vlist, text);
+    for(i = 0; i < 64; i++){
+        entries[i] = va_arg(vlist, char *);
+        if(entries[i] == NULL)
+            break;
+    }
+    numEntries = i;
+    va_end(vlist);
+    for(i = 0; i < numEntries; i++){
+        if(strcasecmp(text, entries[i]) == 0)
+            return i;
+    }
+    if(isdigit(*text)){
+        return myAtoi(text);
+    }
+    fprintf(stderr, "Enum value \"%s\" not allowed. Allowed values are:\n", text);
+    for(i = 0; i < numEntries; i++){
+        fprintf(stderr, "  %s\n", entries[i]);
+    }
+    exit(1);
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+#define ACTION_LIST         0
+#define ACTION_CONTROL      1
+#define ACTION_INTERRUPT    2
+#define ACTION_BULK         3
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+usb_dev_handle  *handle = NULL;
+int             opt, len, action, argcnt;
+char            *myName = argv[0], *s, *rxBuffer = NULL;
+FILE            *fp;
+
+    while((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "?hv:p:V:P:S:d:D:O:e:n:tbw")) != -1){
+        switch(opt){
+        case 'h':
+        case '?':   /* -h or -? (print this help and exit) */
+            usage(myName);
+            exit(1);
+        case 'v':   /* -v <vendor-id> (defaults to 0x%x, can be '*' for any VID) */
+            vendorID = myAtoi(optarg);
+            break;
+        case 'p':   /* -p <product-id> (defaults to 0x%x, can be '*' for any PID) */
+            productID = myAtoi(optarg);
+            break;
+        case 'V':   /* -V <vendor-name-pattern> (shell style matching, defaults to '*') */
+            vendorNamePattern = optarg;
+            break;
+        case 'P':   /* -P <product-name-pattern> (shell style matching, defaults to '*') */
+            productNamePattern = optarg;
+            break;
+        case 'S':   /* -S <serial-pattern> (shell style matching, defaults to '*') */
+            serialPattern = optarg;
+            break;
+        case 'd':   /* -d <databytes> (data bytes for requests given on command line) */
+            while((s = strtok(optarg, ", ")) != NULL){
+                optarg = NULL;
+                if(sendBytes != NULL){
+                    sendBytes = realloc(sendBytes, sendByteCount + 1);
+                }else{
+                    sendBytes = malloc(sendByteCount + 1);
+                }
+                sendBytes[sendByteCount++] = myAtoi(s);
+            }
+            break;
+        case 'D':   /* -D <file> (data bytes for request taken from file) */
+            if((fp = fopen(optarg, "rb")) == NULL){
+                fprintf(stderr, "error opening %s: %s\n", optarg, strerror(errno));
+                exit(1);
+            }
+            fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_END);
+            len = ftell(fp);
+            fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_SET);
+            if(sendBytes != NULL){
+                sendBytes = realloc(sendBytes, sendByteCount + len);
+            }else{
+                sendBytes = malloc(sendByteCount + len);
+            }
+            fread(sendBytes + sendByteCount, 1, len, fp);   /* would need error checking */
+            sendByteCount += len;
+            fclose(fp);
+            break;
+        case 'O':   /* -O <file> (write received data bytes to file) */
+            outputFile = optarg;
+            break;
+        case 'e':   /* -e <endpoint> (specify endpoint for some commands) */
+            endpoint = myAtoi(optarg);
+            break;
+        case 't':   /* -t <timeout> (specify USB timeout in milliseconds) */
+            usbTimeout = myAtoi(optarg);
+            break;
+        case 'b':   /* -b (binary output format, default is hex) */
+            outputFormatIsBinary = 1;
+            break;
+        case 'n':   /* -n <count> (maximum number of bytes to receive) */
+            usbCount = myAtoi(optarg);
+            break;
+        case 'c':   /* -c <configuration> (device configuration to choose) */
+            usbConfiguration = myAtoi(optarg);
+            break;
+        case 'i':   /* -i <interface> (configuration interface to claim) */
+            usbInterface = myAtoi(optarg);
+            break;
+        case 'w':   /* -w (suppress USB warnings, default is verbose) */
+            showWarnings = 0;
+            break;
+        default:
+            fprintf(stderr, "Option -%c unknown\n", opt);
+            exit(1);
+        }
+    }
+    argc -= optind;
+    argv += optind;
+    if(argc < 1){
+        usage(myName);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    argcnt = 2;
+    if(strcasecmp(argv[0], "list") == 0){
+        action = ACTION_LIST;
+        argcnt = 1;
+    }else if(strcasecmp(argv[0], "control") == 0){
+        action = ACTION_CONTROL;
+        argcnt = 7;
+    }else if(strcasecmp(argv[0], "interrupt") == 0){
+        action = ACTION_INTERRUPT;
+    }else if(strcasecmp(argv[0], "bulk") == 0){
+        action = ACTION_BULK;
+    }else{
+        fprintf(stderr, "command %s not known\n", argv[0]);
+        usage(myName);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    if(argc < argcnt){
+        fprintf(stderr, "Not enough arguments.\n");
+        usage(myName);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    if(argc > argcnt){
+        fprintf(stderr, "Warning: only %d arguments expected, rest ignored.\n", argcnt);
+    }
+    usb_init();
+    if(usbOpenDevice(&handle, vendorID, vendorNamePattern, productID, productNamePattern, serialPattern, action == ACTION_LIST ? stdout : NULL, showWarnings ? stderr : NULL) != 0){
+        fprintf(stderr, "Could not find USB device with VID=0x%x PID=0x%x Vname=%s Pname=%s Serial=%s\n", vendorID, productID, vendorNamePattern, productNamePattern, serialPattern);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    if(action == ACTION_LIST)
+        exit(0);                /* we've done what we were asked to do already */
+    usbDirection = parseEnum(argv[1], "out", "in", NULL);
+    if(usbDirection){   /* IN transfer */
+        rxBuffer = malloc(usbCount);
+    }
+    if(action == ACTION_CONTROL){
+        int requestType;
+        usbType = parseEnum(argv[2], "standard", "class", "vendor", "reserved", NULL);
+        usbRecipient = parseEnum(argv[3], "device", "interface", "endpoint", "other", NULL);
+        usbRequest = myAtoi(argv[4]);
+        usbValue = myAtoi(argv[5]);
+        usbIndex = myAtoi(argv[6]);
+        requestType = ((usbDirection & 1) << 7) | ((usbType & 3) << 5) | (usbRecipient & 0x1f);
+        if(usbDirection){   /* IN transfer */
+            len = usb_control_msg(handle, requestType, usbRequest, usbValue, usbIndex, rxBuffer, usbCount, usbTimeout);
+        }else{              /* OUT transfer */
+            len = usb_control_msg(handle, requestType, usbRequest, usbValue, usbIndex, sendBytes, sendByteCount, usbTimeout);
+        }
+    }else{  /* must be ACTION_INTERRUPT or ACTION_BULK */
+        int retries = 1;
+        if(usb_set_configuration(handle, usbConfiguration) && showWarnings){
+            fprintf(stderr, "Warning: could not set configuration: %s\n", usb_strerror());
+        }
+        /* now try to claim the interface and detach the kernel HID driver on
+         * linux and other operating systems which support the call.
+         */
+        while((len = usb_claim_interface(handle, usbInterface)) != 0 && retries-- > 0){
+#ifdef LIBUSB_HAS_DETACH_KERNEL_DRIVER_NP
+            if(usb_detach_kernel_driver_np(handle, 0) < 0 && showWarnings){
+                fprintf(stderr, "Warning: could not detach kernel driver: %s\n", usb_strerror());
+            }
+#endif
+        }
+        if(len != 0 && showWarnings)
+            fprintf(stderr, "Warning: could not claim interface: %s\n", usb_strerror());
+        if(action == ACTION_INTERRUPT){
+            if(usbDirection){   /* IN transfer */
+                len = usb_interrupt_read(handle, endpoint, rxBuffer, usbCount, usbTimeout);
+            }else{
+                len = usb_interrupt_write(handle, endpoint, sendBytes, sendByteCount, usbTimeout);
+            }
+        }else{
+            if(usbDirection){   /* IN transfer */
+                len = usb_bulk_read(handle, endpoint, rxBuffer, usbCount, usbTimeout);
+            }else{
+                len = usb_bulk_write(handle, endpoint, sendBytes, sendByteCount, usbTimeout);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if(len < 0){
+        fprintf(stderr, "USB error: %s\n", usb_strerror());
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    if(usbDirection == 0)   /* OUT */
+        printf("%d bytes sent.\n", len);
+    if(rxBuffer != NULL){
+        FILE *fp = stdout;
+        if(outputFile != NULL){
+            fp = fopen(outputFile, outputFormatIsBinary ? "wb" : "w");
+            if(fp == NULL){
+                fprintf(stderr, "Error writing \"%s\": %s\n", outputFile, strerror(errno));
+                exit(1);
+            }
+        }
+        if(outputFormatIsBinary){
+            fwrite(rxBuffer, 1, len, fp);
+        }else{
+            int i;
+            for(i = 0; i < len; i++){
+                if(i != 0){
+                    if(i % 16 == 0){
+                        fprintf(fp, "\n");
+                    }else{
+                        fprintf(fp, " ");
+                    }
+                }
+                fprintf(fp, "0x%02x", rxBuffer[i] & 0xff);
+            }
+            if(i != 0)
+                fprintf(fp, "\n");
+        }
+    }
+    usb_close(handle);
+    if(rxBuffer != NULL)
+        free(rxBuffer);
+    return 0;
+}