Merge branch 'master' into support_xboxone

93 files changed, 1211 insertions, 986 deletions

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 8f89b801..b294d3b6 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -9,4 +9,32 @@ bazel-googletest
 bazel-out
 bazel-testlogs
 # python
-*.pyc
\ No newline at end of file
+*.pyc
+
+# Visual Studio files
+*.sdf
+*.opensdf
+*.VC.opendb
+*.suo
+*.user
+_ReSharper.Caches/
+Win32-Debug/
+Win32-Release/
+x64-Debug/
+x64-Release/
+
+# Ignore autoconf / automake files
+Makefile.in
+aclocal.m4
+configure
+build-aux/
+autom4te.cache/
+googletest/m4/libtool.m4
+googletest/m4/ltoptions.m4
+googletest/m4/ltsugar.m4
+googletest/m4/ltversion.m4
+googletest/m4/lt~obsolete.m4
+
+# Ignore generated directories.
+googlemock/fused-src/
+googletest/fused-src/
diff --git a/.travis.yml b/.travis.yml
index 417d2c51..180728a6 100644
--- a/.travis.yml
+++ b/.travis.yml
@@ -3,15 +3,65 @@
 # This file can be validated on:
 # http://lint.travis-ci.org/
 
+sudo: false
+language: cpp
+
+# Define the matrix explicitly, manually expanding the combinations of (os, compiler, env).
+# It is more tedious, but grants us far more flexibility.
+matrix:
+  include:
+    - os: linux
+      compiler: gcc
+      sudo: true
+      cache:
+      install: ./ci/install-linux.sh && ./ci/log-config.sh
+      script: ./ci/build-linux-bazel.sh
+    - os: linux
+      compiler: clang
+      sudo: true
+      cache:
+      install: ./ci/install-linux.sh && ./ci/log-config.sh
+      script: ./ci/build-linux-bazel.sh
+    - os: linux
+      compiler: gcc
+      install: ./ci/install-linux.sh && ./ci/log-config.sh
+      script: ./ci/build-linux-autotools.sh
+    - os: linux
+      compiler: gcc
+      env: BUILD_TYPE=Debug VERBOSE=1 CXX_FLAGS=-std=c++11
+    - os: linux
+      compiler: clang
+      env: BUILD_TYPE=Debug VERBOSE=1
+    - os: linux
+      compiler: clang
+      env: BUILD_TYPE=Release VERBOSE=1 CXX_FLAGS=-std=c++11
+    - os: osx
+      compiler: gcc
+      env: BUILD_TYPE=Debug VERBOSE=1
+      if: type != pull_request
+    - os: osx
+      compiler: gcc
+      env: BUILD_TYPE=Release VERBOSE=1 CXX_FLAGS=-std=c++11
+      if: type != pull_request
+    - os: osx
+      compiler: clang
+      env: BUILD_TYPE=Debug VERBOSE=1
+      if: type != pull_request
+    - os: osx
+      compiler: clang
+      env: BUILD_TYPE=Release VERBOSE=1 CXX_FLAGS=-std=c++11
+      if: type != pull_request
+
+# These are the install and build (script) phases for the most common entries in the matrix.  They could be included
+# in each entry in the matrix, but that is just repetitive.
 install:
-# /usr/bin/gcc is 4.6 always, but gcc-X.Y is available.
-- if [ "$CXX" = "g++" ]; then export CXX="g++-4.9" CC="gcc-4.9"; fi
-# /usr/bin/clang is 3.4, lets override with modern one.
-- if [ "$CXX" = "clang++" ] && [ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" = "linux" ]; then export CXX="clang++-3.7" CC="clang-3.7"; fi
-- echo ${PATH}
-- echo ${CXX}
-- ${CXX} --version
-- ${CXX} -v
+  - ./ci/install-${TRAVIS_OS_NAME}.sh
+  - . ./ci/env-${TRAVIS_OS_NAME}.sh
+  - ./ci/log-config.sh
+
+script: ./ci/travis.sh
+
+# For sudo=false builds this section installs the necessary dependencies.
 addons:
   apt:
     # List of whitelisted in travis packages for ubuntu-precise can be found here:
@@ -22,22 +72,8 @@ addons:
     - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
     - llvm-toolchain-precise-3.7
     packages:
-    - gcc-4.9
     - g++-4.9
     - clang-3.7
-    - valgrind
-os:
-  - linux
-  - osx
-language: cpp
-compiler:
-  - gcc
-  - clang
-script: ./travis.sh
-env:
-  matrix:
-    - SHARED_LIB=OFF STATIC_LIB=ON CMAKE_PKG=OFF BUILD_TYPE=Debug VERBOSE=1
-    - SHARED_LIB=OFF STATIC_LIB=ON CMAKE_PKG=OFF BUILD_TYPE=Debug VERBOSE=1 CXX_FLAGS=-std=c++11
+
 notifications:
   email: false
-sudo: false
diff --git a/BUILD.bazel b/BUILD.bazel
index a4423740..7d2e9d2b 100644
--- a/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/BUILD.bazel
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2017 Google Inc. 
+# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
 # All Rights Reserved.
 #
 #
@@ -37,11 +37,16 @@ package(default_visibility = ["//visibility:public"])
 licenses(["notice"])
 
 config_setting(
-    name = "win",
+    name = "windows",
+    values = { "cpu": "x64_windows" },
+)
+
+config_setting(
+    name = "windows_msvc",
     values = {"cpu": "x64_windows_msvc"},
 )
 
-# Google Test including Google Mock 
+# Google Test including Google Mock
 cc_library(
     name = "gtest",
     srcs = glob(
@@ -65,7 +70,8 @@ cc_library(
     ]),
     copts = select(
         {
-            ":win": [],
+            ":windows": [],
+            ":windows_msvc": [],
             "//conditions:default": ["-pthread"],
         },
     ),
@@ -76,7 +82,8 @@ cc_library(
         "googletest/include",
     ],
     linkopts = select({
-        ":win": [],
+        ":windows": [],
+        ":windows_msvc": [],
         "//conditions:default": [
             "-pthread",
         ],
@@ -88,7 +95,7 @@ cc_library(
     srcs = [
         "googlemock/src/gmock_main.cc",
     ],
-    deps = ["//:gtest"],
+    deps = [":gtest"],
 )
 
 # The following rules build samples of how to use gTest.
diff --git a/CONTRIBUTING.md b/CONTRIBUTING.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0ebdfcc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+# How to become a contributor and submit your own code
+
+## Contributor License Agreements
+
+We'd love to accept your patches! Before we can take them, we
+have to jump a couple of legal hurdles.
+
+Please fill out either the individual or corporate Contributor License Agreement
+(CLA).
+
+  * If you are an individual writing original source code and you're sure you
+    own the intellectual property, then you'll need to sign an
+    [individual CLA](https://developers.google.com/open-source/cla/individual).
+  * If you work for a company that wants to allow you to contribute your work,
+    then you'll need to sign a
+    [corporate CLA](https://developers.google.com/open-source/cla/corporate).
+
+Follow either of the two links above to access the appropriate CLA and
+instructions for how to sign and return it. Once we receive it, we'll be able to
+accept your pull requests.
+
+## Contributing A Patch
+
+1. Submit an issue describing your proposed change to the
+   [issue tracker](https://github.com/google/googletest).
+1. Please don't mix more than one logical change per submittal,
+   because it makes the history hard to follow. If you want to make a
+   change that doesn't have a corresponding issue in the issue
+   tracker, please create one.
+1. Also, coordinate with team members that are listed on the issue in
+   question. This ensures that work isn't being duplicated and
+   communicating your plan early also generally leads to better
+   patches.
+1. If your proposed change is accepted, and you haven't already done so, sign a
+   Contributor License Agreement (see details above).
+1. Fork the desired repo, develop and test your code changes.
+1. Ensure that your code adheres to the existing style in the sample to which
+   you are contributing.
+1. Ensure that your code has an appropriate set of unit tests which all pass.
+1. Submit a pull request.
+
+If you are a Googler, it is preferable to first create an internal change and
+have it reviewed and submitted, and then create an upstreaming pull
+request here. 
+
+## The Google Test and Google Mock Communities ##
+
+The Google Test community exists primarily through the
+[discussion group](http://groups.google.com/group/googletestframework)
+and the GitHub repository.
+Likewise, the Google Mock community exists primarily through their own
+[discussion group](http://groups.google.com/group/googlemock).
+You are definitely encouraged to contribute to the
+discussion and you can also help us to keep the effectiveness of the
+group high by following and promoting the guidelines listed here.
+
+### Please Be Friendly ###
+
+Showing courtesy and respect to others is a vital part of the Google
+culture, and we strongly encourage everyone participating in Google
+Test development to join us in accepting nothing less. Of course,
+being courteous is not the same as failing to constructively disagree
+with each other, but it does mean that we should be respectful of each
+other when enumerating the 42 technical reasons that a particular
+proposal may not be the best choice. There's never a reason to be
+antagonistic or dismissive toward anyone who is sincerely trying to
+contribute to a discussion.
+
+Sure, C++ testing is serious business and all that, but it's also
+a lot of fun. Let's keep it that way. Let's strive to be one of the
+friendliest communities in all of open source.
+
+As always, discuss Google Test in the official GoogleTest discussion group.
+You don't have to actually submit code in order to sign up. Your participation
+itself is a valuable contribution.
+
+## Style
+
+To keep the source consistent, readable, diffable and easy to merge,
+we use a fairly rigid coding style, as defined by the [google-styleguide](https://github.com/google/styleguide) project.  All patches will be expected
+to conform to the style outlined [here](https://google.github.io/styleguide/cppguide.html).
+
+## Requirements for Contributors ###
+
+If you plan to contribute a patch, you need to build Google Test,
+Google Mock, and their own tests from a git checkout, which has
+further requirements:
+
+  * [Python](https://www.python.org/) v2.3 or newer (for running some of
+    the tests and re-generating certain source files from templates)
+  * [CMake](https://cmake.org/) v2.6.4 or newer
+  * [GNU Build System](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Build_System)
+    including automake (>= 1.9), autoconf (>= 2.59), and
+    libtool / libtoolize.
+
+## Developing Google Test ##
+
+This section discusses how to make your own changes to Google Test.
+
+### Testing Google Test Itself ###
+
+To make sure your changes work as intended and don't break existing
+functionality, you'll want to compile and run Google Test's own tests.
+For that you can use CMake:
+
+    mkdir mybuild
+    cd mybuild
+    cmake -Dgtest_build_tests=ON ${GTEST_DIR}
+
+Make sure you have Python installed, as some of Google Test's tests
+are written in Python.  If the cmake command complains about not being
+able to find Python (`Could NOT find PythonInterp (missing:
+PYTHON_EXECUTABLE)`), try telling it explicitly where your Python
+executable can be found:
+
+    cmake -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=path/to/python -Dgtest_build_tests=ON ${GTEST_DIR}
+
+Next, you can build Google Test and all of its own tests.  On \*nix,
+this is usually done by 'make'.  To run the tests, do
+
+    make test
+
+All tests should pass.
+
+### Regenerating Source Files ##
+
+Some of Google Test's source files are generated from templates (not
+in the C++ sense) using a script.
+For example, the
+file include/gtest/internal/gtest-type-util.h.pump is used to generate
+gtest-type-util.h in the same directory.
+
+You don't need to worry about regenerating the source files
+unless you need to modify them.  You would then modify the
+corresponding `.pump` files and run the '[pump.py](googletest/scripts/pump.py)'
+generator script.  See the [Pump Manual](googletest/docs/PumpManual.md).
+
+## Developing Google Mock ###
+
+This section discusses how to make your own changes to Google Mock.
+
+#### Testing Google Mock Itself ####
+
+To make sure your changes work as intended and don't break existing
+functionality, you'll want to compile and run Google Test's own tests.
+For that you'll need Autotools.  First, make sure you have followed
+the instructions above to configure Google Mock.
+Then, create a build output directory and enter it.  Next,
+
+    ${GMOCK_DIR}/configure  # try --help for more info
+
+Once you have successfully configured Google Mock, the build steps are
+standard for GNU-style OSS packages.
+
+    make        # Standard makefile following GNU conventions
+    make check  # Builds and runs all tests - all should pass.
+
+Note that when building your project against Google Mock, you are building
+against Google Test as well.  There is no need to configure Google Test
+separately.
diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1941a11f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+Copyright 2008, Google Inc.
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+distribution.
+    * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/Makefile.am b/Makefile.am
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..433eefeb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Makefile.am
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+## Process this file with automake to produce Makefile.in
+ACLOCAL_AMFLAGS = -I m4
+
+AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS = foreign
+
+# Build . before src so that our all-local and clean-local hooks kicks in at
+# the right time.
+SUBDIRS = googletest googlemock
+
+EXTRA_DIST = \
+  BUILD.bazel \
+  CMakeLists.txt \
+  README.md \
+  WORKSPACE
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index f858833d..79363002 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -114,35 +114,9 @@ package (as described below):
   * Mac OS X v10.4 Tiger or newer
   * Xcode Developer Tools
 
-### Requirements for Contributors ###
+## Contributing change
 
-We welcome patches.  If you plan to contribute a patch, you need to
-build Google Test and its own tests from a git checkout (described
-below), which has further requirements:
-
-  * [Python](https://www.python.org/) v2.3 or newer (for running some of
-    the tests and re-generating certain source files from templates)
-  * [CMake](https://cmake.org/) v2.6.4 or newer
-
-## Regenerating Source Files ##
-
-Some of Google Test's source files are generated from templates (not
-in the C++ sense) using a script.
-For example, the
-file include/gtest/internal/gtest-type-util.h.pump is used to generate
-gtest-type-util.h in the same directory.
-
-You don't need to worry about regenerating the source files
-unless you need to modify them.  You would then modify the
-corresponding `.pump` files and run the '[pump.py](googletest/scripts/pump.py)'
-generator script.  See the [Pump Manual](googletest/docs/PumpManual.md).
-
-### Contributing Code ###
-
-We welcome patches.  Please read the
-[Developer's Guide](googletest/docs/DevGuide.md)
-for how you can contribute. In particular, make sure you have signed
-the Contributor License Agreement, or we won't be able to accept the
-patch.
+Please read the [`CONTRIBUTING.md`](CONTRIBUTING.md) for details on
+how to contribute to this project.
 
 Happy testing!
diff --git a/appveyor.yml b/appveyor.yml
index f129d7c5..f73f413b 100644
--- a/appveyor.yml
+++ b/appveyor.yml
@@ -4,6 +4,15 @@ os: Visual Studio 2015
 
 environment:
   matrix:
+    - compiler: msvc-15-seh
+      generator: "Visual Studio 15 2017"
+      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2017
+
+    - compiler: msvc-15-seh
+      generator: "Visual Studio 15 2017 Win64"
+      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2017
+      enabled_on_pr: yes
+
     - compiler: msvc-14-seh
       generator: "Visual Studio 14 2015"
 
@@ -35,7 +44,6 @@ environment:
 
 configuration:
   - Debug
-  #- Release
 
 build:
   verbosity: minimal
@@ -44,6 +52,14 @@ install:
 - ps: |
     Write-Output "Compiler: $env:compiler"
     Write-Output "Generator: $env:generator"
+    if (-not (Test-Path env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER)) {
+      Write-Output "This is *NOT* a pull request build"
+    } else {
+      Write-Output "This is a pull request build"
+      if (-not (Test-Path env:enabled_on_pr) -or $env:enabled_on_pr -ne "yes") {
+        Write-Output "PR builds are *NOT* explicitly enabled"
+      }
+    }
 
     # git bash conflicts with MinGW makefiles
     if ($env:generator -eq "MinGW Makefiles") {
@@ -55,6 +71,10 @@ install:
 
 build_script:
 - ps: |
+    # Only enable some builds for pull requests, the AppVeyor queue is too long.
+    if ((Test-Path env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER) -And (-not (Test-Path env:enabled_on_pr) -or $env:enabled_on_pr -ne "yes")) {
+      return
+    }
     md _build -Force | Out-Null
     cd _build
 
@@ -73,6 +93,10 @@ build_script:
 
 test_script:
 - ps: |
+    # Only enable some builds for pull requests, the AppVeyor queue is too long.
+    if ((Test-Path env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER) -And (-not (Test-Path env:enabled_on_pr) -or $env:enabled_on_pr -ne "yes")) {
+      return
+    }
     if ($env:generator -eq "MinGW Makefiles") {
         return # No test available for MinGW
     }
diff --git a/ci/build-linux-autotools.sh b/ci/build-linux-autotools.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..cc404e9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/build-linux-autotools.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+set -e
+
+. ci/get-nprocessors.sh
+
+# Create the configuration script
+autoreconf -i
+
+# Run in a subdirectory to keep the sources clean
+mkdir build || true
+cd build
+../configure
+
+make -j ${NPROCESSORS:-2}
diff --git a/ci/build-linux-bazel.sh b/ci/build-linux-bazel.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..2f63896a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/build-linux-bazel.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+set -e
+
+bazel build --curses=no //...:all
+bazel test --curses=no //...:all
diff --git a/ci/env-linux.sh b/ci/env-linux.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..9086b1f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/env-linux.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+#
+# This file should be sourced, and not executed as a standalone script.
+#
+
+# TODO() - we can check if this is being sourced using $BASH_VERSION and $BASH_SOURCE[0] != ${0}.
+
+if [ "${TRAVIS_OS_NAME}" = "linux" ]; then
+    if [ "$CXX" = "g++" ]; then export CXX="g++-4.9" CC="gcc-4.9"; fi
+    if [ "$CXX" = "clang++" ]; then export CXX="clang++-3.7" CC="clang-3.7"; fi
+fi
diff --git a/ci/env-osx.sh b/ci/env-osx.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..31c88357
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/env-osx.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+#
+# This file should be sourced, and not executed as a standalone script.
+#
+
+# TODO() - we can check if this is being sourced using $BASH_VERSION and $BASH_SOURCE[0] != ${0}.
+
+if [ "${TRAVIS_OS_NAME}" = "linux" ]; then
+    if [ "$CXX" = "clang++" ]; then export CXX="clang++-3.7" CC="clang-3.7"; fi
+fi
diff --git a/ci/get-nprocessors.sh b/ci/get-nprocessors.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..43635e76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/get-nprocessors.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+# This file is typically sourced by another script.
+# if possible, ask for the precise number of processors,
+# otherwise take 2 processors as reasonable default; see
+# https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/speeding-up-the-build/#Makefile-optimization
+if [ -x /usr/bin/getconf ]; then
+    NPROCESSORS=$(/usr/bin/getconf _NPROCESSORS_ONLN)
+else
+    NPROCESSORS=2
+fi
+
+# as of 2017-09-04 Travis CI reports 32 processors, but GCC build
+# crashes if parallelized too much (maybe memory consumption problem),
+# so limit to 4 processors for the time being.
+if [ $NPROCESSORS -gt 4 ] ; then
+	echo "$0:Note: Limiting processors to use by make from $NPROCESSORS to 4."
+	NPROCESSORS=4
+fi
diff --git a/ci/install-linux.sh b/ci/install-linux.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..02a19439
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/install-linux.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+set -eu
+
+if [ "${TRAVIS_OS_NAME}" != linux ]; then
+    echo "Not a Linux build; skipping installation"
+    exit 0
+fi
+
+
+if [ "${TRAVIS_SUDO}" = "true" ]; then
+    echo "deb [arch=amd64] http://storage.googleapis.com/bazel-apt stable jdk1.8" | \
+        sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bazel.list
+    curl https://bazel.build/bazel-release.pub.gpg | sudo apt-key add -
+    sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y bazel gcc-4.9 g++-4.9 clang-3.7
+elif [ "${CXX}" = "clang++" ]; then
+    # Use ccache, assuming $HOME/bin is in the path, which is true in the Travis build environment.
+    ln -sf /usr/bin/ccache $HOME/bin/${CXX};
+    ln -sf /usr/bin/ccache $HOME/bin/${CC};
+fi
diff --git a/ci/install-osx.sh b/ci/install-osx.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..6550ff51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/install-osx.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+set -eu
+
+if [ "${TRAVIS_OS_NAME}" != "osx" ]; then
+    echo "Not a macOS build; skipping installation"
+    exit 0
+fi
+
+brew install ccache
diff --git a/ci/log-config.sh b/ci/log-config.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..5fef1194
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/log-config.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+set -e
+
+# ccache on OS X needs installation first
+# reset ccache statistics
+ccache --zero-stats
+
+echo PATH=${PATH}
+
+echo "Compiler configuration:"
+echo CXX=${CXX}
+echo CC=${CC}
+echo CXXFLAGS=${CXXFLAGS}
+
+echo "C++ compiler version:"
+${CXX} --version || echo "${CXX} does not seem to support the --version flag"
+${CXX} -v || echo "${CXX} does not seem to support the -v flag"
+
+echo "C compiler version:"
+${CC} --version || echo "${CXX} does not seem to support the --version flag"
+${CC} -v || echo "${CXX} does not seem to support the -v flag"
diff --git a/travis.sh b/ci/travis.sh
index 24a557e9..2dda68fd 100755
--- a/travis.sh
+++ b/ci/travis.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
 set -evx
 
+. ci/get-nprocessors.sh
+
 # if possible, ask for the precise number of processors,
 # otherwise take 2 processors as reasonable default; see
 # https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/speeding-up-the-build/#Makefile-optimization
diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..751b9ba8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+AC_INIT([Google C++ Mocking and Testing Frameworks],
+        [1.8.0],
+        [googlemock@googlegroups.com],
+        [googletest])
+
+# Provide various options to initialize the Autoconf and configure processes.
+AC_PREREQ([2.59])
+AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([./README.md])
+AC_CONFIG_AUX_DIR([build-aux])
+AC_CONFIG_FILES([Makefile])
+AC_CONFIG_SUBDIRS([googletest googlemock])
+
+AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE
+
+# Output the generated files. No further autoconf macros may be used.
+AC_OUTPUT
diff --git a/googlemock/CMakeLists.txt b/googlemock/CMakeLists.txt
index 724fdd5f..21d61b13 100644
--- a/googlemock/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/googlemock/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -74,6 +74,8 @@ include_directories("${gmock_SOURCE_DIR}/include"
 # <= VS 2010  <= 10        <= 1600         Use Google Tests's own tuple.
 # VS 2012     11           1700            std::tr1::tuple + _VARIADIC_MAX=10
 # VS 2013     12           1800            std::tr1::tuple
+# VS 2015     14           1900            std::tuple
+# VS 2017     15           >= 1910         std::tuple
 if (MSVC AND MSVC_VERSION EQUAL 1700)
   add_definitions(/D _VARIADIC_MAX=10)
 endif()
@@ -101,8 +103,8 @@ cxx_library(gmock_main
 # to the targets for when we are part of a parent build (ie being pulled
 # in via add_subdirectory() rather than being a standalone build).
 if (DEFINED CMAKE_VERSION AND NOT "${CMAKE_VERSION}" VERSION_LESS "2.8.11")
-  target_include_directories(gmock      INTERFACE "${gmock_SOURCE_DIR}/include")
-  target_include_directories(gmock_main INTERFACE "${gmock_SOURCE_DIR}/include")
+  target_include_directories(gmock      SYSTEM INTERFACE "${gmock_SOURCE_DIR}/include")
+  target_include_directories(gmock_main SYSTEM INTERFACE "${gmock_SOURCE_DIR}/include")
 endif()
 
 ########################################################################
@@ -110,11 +112,11 @@ endif()
 # Install rules
 if(INSTALL_GMOCK)
   install(TARGETS gmock gmock_main
-    RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR}
-    LIBRARY DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}
-    ARCHIVE DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR})
-  install(DIRECTORY ${gmock_SOURCE_DIR}/include/gmock
-    DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR})
+    RUNTIME DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR}"
+    LIBRARY DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}"
+    ARCHIVE DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}")
+  install(DIRECTORY "${gmock_SOURCE_DIR}/include/gmock"
+    DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}")
 
   # configure and install pkgconfig files
   configure_file(
diff --git a/googlemock/README.md b/googlemock/README.md
index f941f158..1170cfab 100644
--- a/googlemock/README.md
+++ b/googlemock/README.md
@@ -337,38 +337,6 @@ use the new matcher API (
 [polymorphic](./docs/CookBook.md#writing-new-polymorphic-matchers)).
 Matchers defined using `MATCHER()` or `MATCHER_P*()` aren't affected.
 
-### Developing Google Mock ###
-
-This section discusses how to make your own changes to Google Mock.
-
-#### Testing Google Mock Itself ####
-
-To make sure your changes work as intended and don't break existing
-functionality, you'll want to compile and run Google Test's own tests.
-For that you'll need Autotools.  First, make sure you have followed
-the instructions above to configure Google Mock.
-Then, create a build output directory and enter it.  Next,
-
-    ${GMOCK_DIR}/configure  # try --help for more info
-
-Once you have successfully configured Google Mock, the build steps are
-standard for GNU-style OSS packages.
-
-    make        # Standard makefile following GNU conventions
-    make check  # Builds and runs all tests - all should pass.
-
-Note that when building your project against Google Mock, you are building
-against Google Test as well.  There is no need to configure Google Test
-separately.
-
-#### Contributing a Patch ####
-
-We welcome patches.
-Please read the [Developer's Guide](docs/DevGuide.md)
-for how you can contribute. In particular, make sure you have signed
-the Contributor License Agreement, or we won't be able to accept the
-patch.
-
 Happy testing!
 
 [gtest_readme]: ../googletest/README.md "googletest"
diff --git a/googlemock/configure.ac b/googlemock/configure.ac
index c23ed455..cb5e1a6a 100644
--- a/googlemock/configure.ac
+++ b/googlemock/configure.ac
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ AS_IF([test "x${HAVE_BUILT_GTEST}" = "xyes"],
       GTEST_LDFLAGS=`${GTEST_CONFIG} --ldflags`
       GTEST_LIBS=`${GTEST_CONFIG} --libs`
       GTEST_VERSION=`${GTEST_CONFIG} --version`],
-      [AC_CONFIG_SUBDIRS([../googletest])
+      [
       # GTEST_CONFIG needs to be executable both in a Makefile environment and
       # in a shell script environment, so resolve an absolute path for it here.
       GTEST_CONFIG="`pwd -P`/../googletest/scripts/gtest-config"
diff --git a/googlemock/docs/CheatSheet.md b/googlemock/docs/CheatSheet.md
index c94c2dac..c6367fdd 100644
--- a/googlemock/docs/CheatSheet.md
+++ b/googlemock/docs/CheatSheet.md
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ can specify it by appending `_WITH_CALLTYPE` to any of the macros
 described in the previous two sections and supplying the calling
 convention as the first argument to the macro. For example,
 ```
-  MOCK_METHOD_1_WITH_CALLTYPE(STDMETHODCALLTYPE, Foo, bool(int n));
+  MOCK_METHOD1_WITH_CALLTYPE(STDMETHODCALLTYPE, Foo, bool(int n));
   MOCK_CONST_METHOD2_WITH_CALLTYPE(STDMETHODCALLTYPE, Bar, int(double x, double y));
 ```
 where `STDMETHODCALLTYPE` is defined by `<objbase.h>` on Windows.
diff --git a/googlemock/docs/CookBook.md b/googlemock/docs/CookBook.md
index 753c6dd3..3d07e68b 100644
--- a/googlemock/docs/CookBook.md
+++ b/googlemock/docs/CookBook.md
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ If a mock method has no `EXPECT_CALL` spec but is called, Google Mock
 will print a warning about the "uninteresting call". The rationale is:
 
   * New methods may be added to an interface after a test is written. We shouldn't fail a test just because a method it doesn't know about is called.
-  * However, this may also mean there's a bug in the test, so Google Mock shouldn't be silent either. If the user believes these calls are harmless, he can add an `EXPECT_CALL()` to suppress the warning.
+  * However, this may also mean there's a bug in the test, so Google Mock shouldn't be silent either. If the user believes these calls are harmless, they can add an `EXPECT_CALL()` to suppress the warning.
 
 However, sometimes you may want to suppress all "uninteresting call"
 warnings, while sometimes you may want the opposite, i.e. to treat all
diff --git a/googlemock/docs/DevGuide.md b/googlemock/docs/DevGuide.md
deleted file mode 100644
index cae07e70..00000000
--- a/googlemock/docs/DevGuide.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,132 +0,0 @@
-
-
-If you are interested in understanding the internals of Google Mock,
-building from source, or contributing ideas or modifications to the
-project, then this document is for you.
-
-# Introduction #
-
-First, let's give you some background of the project.
-
-## Licensing ##
-
-All Google Mock source and pre-built packages are provided under the [New BSD License](http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php).
-
-## The Google Mock Community ##
-
-The Google Mock community exists primarily through the [discussion group](http://groups.google.com/group/googlemock), the
-[issue tracker](https://github.com/google/googletest/issues) and, to a lesser extent, the [source control repository](../). You are definitely encouraged to contribute to the
-discussion and you can also help us to keep the effectiveness of the
-group high by following and promoting the guidelines listed here.
-
-### Please Be Friendly ###
-
-Showing courtesy and respect to others is a vital part of the Google
-culture, and we strongly encourage everyone participating in Google
-Mock development to join us in accepting nothing less. Of course,
-being courteous is not the same as failing to constructively disagree
-with each other, but it does mean that we should be respectful of each
-other when enumerating the 42 technical reasons that a particular
-proposal may not be the best choice. There's never a reason to be
-antagonistic or dismissive toward anyone who is sincerely trying to
-contribute to a discussion.
-
-Sure, C++ testing is serious business and all that, but it's also
-a lot of fun. Let's keep it that way. Let's strive to be one of the
-friendliest communities in all of open source.
-
-### Where to Discuss Google Mock ###
-
-As always, discuss Google Mock in the official [Google C++ Mocking Framework discussion group](http://groups.google.com/group/googlemock).  You don't have to actually submit
-code in order to sign up. Your participation itself is a valuable
-contribution.
-
-# Working with the Code #
-
-If you want to get your hands dirty with the code inside Google Mock,
-this is the section for you.
-
-## Checking Out the Source from Subversion ##
-
-Checking out the Google Mock source is most useful if you plan to
-tweak it yourself.  You check out the source for Google Mock using a
-[Subversion](http://subversion.tigris.org/) client as you would for any
-other project hosted on Google Code.  Please see the instruction on
-the [source code access page](../) for how to do it.
-
-## Compiling from Source ##
-
-Once you check out the code, you can find instructions on how to
-compile it in the [README](../README.md) file.
-
-## Testing ##
-
-A mocking framework is of no good if itself is not thoroughly tested.
-Tests should be written for any new code, and changes should be
-verified to not break existing tests before they are submitted for
-review. To perform the tests, follow the instructions in [README](../README.md) and
-verify that there are no failures.
-
-# Contributing Code #
-
-We are excited that Google Mock is now open source, and hope to get
-great patches from the community. Before you fire up your favorite IDE
-and begin hammering away at that new feature, though, please take the
-time to read this section and understand the process. While it seems
-rigorous, we want to keep a high standard of quality in the code
-base.
-
-## Contributor License Agreements ##
-
-You must sign a Contributor License Agreement (CLA) before we can
-accept any code.  The CLA protects you and us.
-
-  * If you are an individual writing original source code and you're sure you own the intellectual property, then you'll need to sign an [individual CLA](http://code.google.com/legal/individual-cla-v1.0.html).
-  * If you work for a company that wants to allow you to contribute your work to Google Mock, then you'll need to sign a [corporate CLA](http://code.google.com/legal/corporate-cla-v1.0.html).
-
-Follow either of the two links above to access the appropriate CLA and
-instructions for how to sign and return it.
-
-## Coding Style ##
-
-To keep the source consistent, readable, diffable and easy to merge,
-we use a fairly rigid coding style, as defined by the [google-styleguide](https://github.com/google/styleguide) project.  All patches will be expected
-to conform to the style outlined [here](https://google.github.io/styleguide/cppguide.html).
-
-## Submitting Patches ##
-
-Please do submit code. Here's what you need to do:
-
-  1. Normally you should make your change against the SVN trunk instead of a branch or a tag, as the latter two are for release control and should be treated mostly as read-only.
-  1. Decide which code you want to submit. A submission should be a set of changes that addresses one issue in the [Google Mock issue tracker](https://github.com/google/googletest/issues). Please don't mix more than one logical change per submittal, because it makes the history hard to follow. If you want to make a change that doesn't have a corresponding issue in the issue tracker, please create one.
-  1. Also, coordinate with team members that are listed on the issue in question. This ensures that work isn't being duplicated and communicating your plan early also generally leads to better patches.
-  1. Ensure that your code adheres to the [Google Mock source code style](#Coding_Style.md).
-  1. Ensure that there are unit tests for your code.
-  1. Sign a Contributor License Agreement.
-  1. Create a patch file using `svn diff`.
-  1. We use [Rietveld](http://codereview.appspot.com/) to do web-based code reviews.  You can read about the tool [here](https://github.com/rietveld-codereview/rietveld/wiki).  When you are ready, upload your patch via Rietveld and notify `googlemock@googlegroups.com` to review it.  There are several ways to upload the patch.  We recommend using the [upload\_gmock.py](../scripts/upload_gmock.py) script, which you can find in the `scripts/` folder in the SVN trunk.
-
-## Google Mock Committers ##
-
-The current members of the Google Mock engineering team are the only
-committers at present. In the great tradition of eating one's own
-dogfood, we will be requiring each new Google Mock engineering team
-member to earn the right to become a committer by following the
-procedures in this document, writing consistently great code, and
-demonstrating repeatedly that he or she truly gets the zen of Google
-Mock.
-
-# Release Process #
-
-We follow the typical release process for Subversion-based projects:
-
-  1. A release branch named `release-X.Y` is created.
-  1. Bugs are fixed and features are added in trunk; those individual patches are merged into the release branch until it's stable.
-  1. An individual point release (the `Z` in `X.Y.Z`) is made by creating a tag from the branch.
-  1. Repeat steps 2 and 3 throughout one release cycle (as determined by features or time).
-  1. Go back to step 1 to create another release branch and so on.
-
-
----
-
-This page is based on the [Making GWT Better](http://code.google.com/webtoolkit/makinggwtbetter.html) guide from the [Google Web Toolkit](http://code.google.com/webtoolkit/) project.  Except as otherwise [noted](http://code.google.com/policies.html#restrictions), the content of this page is licensed under the [Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 License](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/).
diff --git a/googlemock/docs/Documentation.md b/googlemock/docs/Documentation.md
index a0311871..16083e70 100644
--- a/googlemock/docs/Documentation.md
+++ b/googlemock/docs/Documentation.md
@@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ the respective git branch/tag).**
 
 To contribute code to Google Mock, read:
 
-  * [DevGuide](DevGuide.md) -- read this _before_ writing your first patch.
+  * [CONTRIBUTING](../CONTRIBUTING.md) -- read this _before_ writing your first patch.
   * [Pump Manual](../../googletest/docs/PumpManual.md) -- how we generate some of Google Mock's source files.
diff --git a/googlemock/docs/ForDummies.md b/googlemock/docs/ForDummies.md
index 0bf528e9..76910569 100644
--- a/googlemock/docs/ForDummies.md
+++ b/googlemock/docs/ForDummies.md
@@ -217,7 +217,8 @@ The macro can be followed by some optional _clauses_ that provide more informati
 This syntax is designed to make an expectation read like English. For example, you can probably guess that
 
 ```
-using ::testing::Return;...
+using ::testing::Return;
+...
 EXPECT_CALL(turtle, GetX())
     .Times(5)
     .WillOnce(Return(100))
@@ -251,7 +252,8 @@ EXPECT_CALL(turtle, Forward(_));
 A list of built-in matchers can be found in the [CheatSheet](CheatSheet.md). For example, here's the `Ge` (greater than or equal) matcher:
 
 ```
-using ::testing::Ge;...
+using ::testing::Ge;
+...
 EXPECT_CALL(turtle, Forward(Ge(100)));
 ```
 
@@ -280,7 +282,8 @@ First, if the return type of a mock function is a built-in type or a pointer, th
 Second, if a mock function doesn't have a default action, or the default action doesn't suit you, you can specify the action to be taken each time the expectation matches using a series of `WillOnce()` clauses followed by an optional `WillRepeatedly()`. For example,
 
 ```
-using ::testing::Return;...
+using ::testing::Return;
+...
 EXPECT_CALL(turtle, GetX())
     .WillOnce(Return(100))
     .WillOnce(Return(200))
@@ -290,7 +293,8 @@ EXPECT_CALL(turtle, GetX())
 This says that `turtle.GetX()` will be called _exactly three times_ (Google Mock inferred this from how many `WillOnce()` clauses we've written, since we didn't explicitly write `Times()`), and will return 100, 200, and 300 respectively.
 
 ```
-using ::testing::Return;...
+using ::testing::Return;
+...
 EXPECT_CALL(turtle, GetY())
     .WillOnce(Return(100))
     .WillOnce(Return(200))
@@ -317,7 +321,8 @@ Instead of returning 100, 101, 102, ..., consecutively, this mock function will
 Time for another quiz! What do you think the following means?
 
 ```
-using ::testing::Return;...
+using ::testing::Return;
+...
 EXPECT_CALL(turtle, GetY())
 .Times(4)
 .WillOnce(Return(100));
@@ -331,7 +336,8 @@ So far we've only shown examples where you have a single expectation. More reali
 By default, when a mock method is invoked, Google Mock will search the expectations in the **reverse order** they are defined, and stop when an active expectation that matches the arguments is found (you can think of it as "newer rules override older ones."). If the matching expectation cannot take any more calls, you will get an upper-bound-violated failure. Here's an example:
 
 ```
-using ::testing::_;...
+using ::testing::_;
+...
 EXPECT_CALL(turtle, Forward(_));  // #1
 EXPECT_CALL(turtle, Forward(10))  // #2
     .Times(2);
@@ -347,7 +353,8 @@ By default, an expectation can match a call even though an earlier expectation h
 Sometimes, you may want all the expected calls to occur in a strict order. To say this in Google Mock is easy:
 
 ```
-using ::testing::InSequence;...
+using ::testing::InSequence;
+...
 TEST(FooTest, DrawsLineSegment) {
   ...
   {
@@ -373,7 +380,8 @@ Now let's do a quick quiz to see how well you can use this mock stuff already. H
 After you've come up with your answer, take a look at ours and compare notes (solve it yourself first - don't cheat!):
 
 ```
-using ::testing::_;...
+using ::testing::_;
+...
 EXPECT_CALL(turtle, GoTo(_, _))  // #1
     .Times(AnyNumber());
 EXPECT_CALL(turtle, GoTo(0, 0))  // #2
diff --git a/googlemock/docs/FrequentlyAskedQuestions.md b/googlemock/docs/FrequentlyAskedQuestions.md
index 5eac83f4..ccaa3d7a 100644
--- a/googlemock/docs/FrequentlyAskedQuestions.md
+++ b/googlemock/docs/FrequentlyAskedQuestions.md
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ You cannot mock a variadic function (i.e. a function taking ellipsis
 The problem is that in general, there is _no way_ for a mock object to
 know how many arguments are passed to the variadic method, and what
 the arguments' types are.  Only the _author of the base class_ knows
-the protocol, and we cannot look into his head.
+the protocol, and we cannot look into their head.
 
 Therefore, to mock such a function, the _user_ must teach the mock
 object how to figure out the number of arguments and their types.  One
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-generated-matchers.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-generated-matchers.h
index 525f8a71..1655bcd3 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-generated-matchers.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-generated-matchers.h
@@ -1376,7 +1376,8 @@ AnyOf(M1 m1, M2 m2, M3 m3, M4 m4, M5 m5, M6 m6, M7 m7, M8 m8, M9 m9, M10 m10) {
 // ================
 //
 // To learn more about using these macros, please search for 'MATCHER'
-// on https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googlemock/docs/CookBook.md
+// on https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googlemock/docs/
+// CookBook.md
 
 #define MATCHER(name, description)\
   class name##Matcher {\
@@ -1397,8 +1398,9 @@ AnyOf(M1 m1, M2 m2, M3 m3, M4 m4, M5 m5, M6 m6, M7 m7, M8 m8, M9 m9, M10 m10) {
      private:\
       ::testing::internal::string FormatDescription(bool negation) const {\
         const ::testing::internal::string gmock_description = (description);\
-        if (!gmock_description.empty())\
+        if (!gmock_description.empty()) {\
           return gmock_description;\
+        }\
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
@@ -1446,8 +1448,9 @@ AnyOf(M1 m1, M2 m2, M3 m3, M4 m4, M5 m5, M6 m6, M7 m7, M8 m8, M9 m9, M10 m10) {
      private:\
       ::testing::internal::string FormatDescription(bool negation) const {\
         const ::testing::internal::string gmock_description = (description);\
-        if (!gmock_description.empty())\
+        if (!gmock_description.empty()) {\
           return gmock_description;\
+        }\
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
@@ -1499,8 +1502,9 @@ AnyOf(M1 m1, M2 m2, M3 m3, M4 m4, M5 m5, M6 m6, M7 m7, M8 m8, M9 m9, M10 m10) {
      private:\
       ::testing::internal::string FormatDescription(bool negation) const {\
         const ::testing::internal::string gmock_description = (description);\
-        if (!gmock_description.empty())\
+        if (!gmock_description.empty()) {\
           return gmock_description;\
+        }\
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
@@ -1557,8 +1561,9 @@ AnyOf(M1 m1, M2 m2, M3 m3, M4 m4, M5 m5, M6 m6, M7 m7, M8 m8, M9 m9, M10 m10) {
      private:\
       ::testing::internal::string FormatDescription(bool negation) const {\
         const ::testing::internal::string gmock_description = (description);\
-        if (!gmock_description.empty())\
+        if (!gmock_description.empty()) {\
           return gmock_description;\
+        }\
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
@@ -1620,8 +1625,9 @@ AnyOf(M1 m1, M2 m2, M3 m3, M4 m4, M5 m5, M6 m6, M7 m7, M8 m8, M9 m9, M10 m10) {
      private:\
       ::testing::internal::string FormatDescription(bool negation) const {\
         const ::testing::internal::string gmock_description = (description);\
-        if (!gmock_description.empty())\
+        if (!gmock_description.empty()) {\
           return gmock_description;\
+        }\
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
@@ -1691,8 +1697,9 @@ AnyOf(M1 m1, M2 m2, M3 m3, M4 m4, M5 m5, M6 m6, M7 m7, M8 m8, M9 m9, M10 m10) {
      private:\
       ::testing::internal::string FormatDescription(bool negation) const {\
         const ::testing::internal::string gmock_description = (description);\
-        if (!gmock_description.empty())\
+        if (!gmock_description.empty()) {\
           return gmock_description;\
+        }\
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
@@ -1765,8 +1772,9 @@ AnyOf(M1 m1, M2 m2, M3 m3, M4 m4, M5 m5, M6 m6, M7 m7, M8 m8, M9 m9, M10 m10) {
      private:\
       ::testing::internal::string FormatDescription(bool negation) const {\
         const ::testing::internal::string gmock_description = (description);\
-        if (!gmock_description.empty())\
+        if (!gmock_description.empty()) {\
           return gmock_description;\
+        }\
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
@@ -1843,8 +1851,9 @@ AnyOf(M1 m1, M2 m2, M3 m3, M4 m4, M5 m5, M6 m6, M7 m7, M8 m8, M9 m9, M10 m10) {
      private:\
       ::testing::internal::string FormatDescription(bool negation) const {\
         const ::testing::internal::string gmock_description = (description);\
-        if (!gmock_description.empty())\
+        if (!gmock_description.empty()) {\
           return gmock_description;\
+        }\
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
@@ -1928,8 +1937,9 @@ AnyOf(M1 m1, M2 m2, M3 m3, M4 m4, M5 m5, M6 m6, M7 m7, M8 m8, M9 m9, M10 m10) {
      private:\
       ::testing::internal::string FormatDescription(bool negation) const {\
         const ::testing::internal::string gmock_description = (description);\
-        if (!gmock_description.empty())\
+        if (!gmock_description.empty()) {\
           return gmock_description;\
+        }\
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
@@ -2019,8 +2029,9 @@ AnyOf(M1 m1, M2 m2, M3 m3, M4 m4, M5 m5, M6 m6, M7 m7, M8 m8, M9 m9, M10 m10) {
      private:\
       ::testing::internal::string FormatDescription(bool negation) const {\
         const ::testing::internal::string gmock_description = (description);\
-        if (!gmock_description.empty())\
+        if (!gmock_description.empty()) {\
           return gmock_description;\
+        }\
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
@@ -2115,8 +2126,9 @@ AnyOf(M1 m1, M2 m2, M3 m3, M4 m4, M5 m5, M6 m6, M7 m7, M8 m8, M9 m9, M10 m10) {
      private:\
       ::testing::internal::string FormatDescription(bool negation) const {\
         const ::testing::internal::string gmock_description = (description);\
-        if (!gmock_description.empty())\
+        if (!gmock_description.empty()) {\
           return gmock_description;\
+        }\
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-generated-matchers.h.pump b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-generated-matchers.h.pump
index f91b1eab..25d2da99 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-generated-matchers.h.pump
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-generated-matchers.h.pump
@@ -639,8 +639,9 @@ $var param_field_decls2 = [[$for j
      private:\
       ::testing::internal::string FormatDescription(bool negation) const {\
         const ::testing::internal::string gmock_description = (description);\
-        if (!gmock_description.empty())\
+        if (!gmock_description.empty()) {\
           return gmock_description;\
+        }\
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-matchers.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-matchers.h
index c446bf7d..3367a0b5 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-matchers.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-matchers.h
@@ -3615,6 +3615,10 @@ BoundSecondMatcher<Tuple2Matcher, Second> MatcherBindSecond(
   return BoundSecondMatcher<Tuple2Matcher, Second>(tm, second);
 }
 
+// Joins a vector of strings as if they are fields of a tuple; returns
+// the joined string.  This function is exported for testing.
+GTEST_API_ string JoinAsTuple(const Strings& fields);
+
 // Returns the description for a matcher defined using the MATCHER*()
 // macro where the user-supplied description string is "", if
 // 'negation' is false; otherwise returns the description of the
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-spec-builders.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-spec-builders.h
index 96802444..a8347bd8 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-spec-builders.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-spec-builders.h
@@ -1774,7 +1774,7 @@ class FunctionMockerBase : public UntypedFunctionMockerBase {
   // There is no generally useful and implementable semantics of
   // copying a mock object, so copying a mock is usually a user error.
   // Thus we disallow copying function mockers.  If the user really
-  // wants to copy a mock object, he should implement his own copy
+  // wants to copy a mock object, they should implement their own copy
   // operation, for example:
   //
   //   class MockFoo : public Foo {
diff --git a/googlemock/src/gmock-internal-utils.cc b/googlemock/src/gmock-internal-utils.cc
index 6464abc2..91bf3fd9 100644
--- a/googlemock/src/gmock-internal-utils.cc
+++ b/googlemock/src/gmock-internal-utils.cc
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ GTEST_API_ string ConvertIdentifierNameToWords(const char* id_name) {
 }
 
 // This class reports Google Mock failures as Google Test failures.  A
-// user can define another class in a similar fashion if he intends to
+// user can define another class in a similar fashion if they intend to
 // use Google Mock with a testing framework other than Google Test.
 class GoogleTestFailureReporter : public FailureReporterInterface {
  public:
diff --git a/googlemock/src/gmock-spec-builders.cc b/googlemock/src/gmock-spec-builders.cc
index 0eaaee75..93a83ae5 100644
--- a/googlemock/src/gmock-spec-builders.cc
+++ b/googlemock/src/gmock-spec-builders.cc
@@ -353,10 +353,10 @@ UntypedFunctionMockerBase::UntypedInvokeWith(const void* const untyped_args)
     // the behavior of ReportUninterestingCall().
     const bool need_to_report_uninteresting_call =
         // If the user allows this uninteresting call, we print it
-        // only when he wants informational messages.
+        // only when they want informational messages.
         reaction == kAllow ? LogIsVisible(kInfo) :
         // If the user wants this to be a warning, we print it only
-        // when he wants to see warnings.
+        // when they want to see warnings.
         reaction == kWarn ? LogIsVisible(kWarning) :
         // Otherwise, the user wants this to be an error, and we
         // should always print detailed information in the error.
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ bool UntypedFunctionMockerBase::VerifyAndClearExpectationsLocked()
   return expectations_met;
 }
 
-CallReaction intToCallReaction(int mock_behavior) {
+static CallReaction intToCallReaction(int mock_behavior) {
   if (mock_behavior >= kAllow && mock_behavior <= kFail) {
     return static_cast<internal::CallReaction>(mock_behavior);
   }
diff --git a/googlemock/test/BUILD.bazel b/googlemock/test/BUILD.bazel
index 6e67f187..4c2df9e2 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/googlemock/test/BUILD.bazel
@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@
 #   
 #   Bazel Build for Google C++ Testing Framework(Google Test)-googlemock
 
+licenses(["notice"])
+
 """ gmock own tests """
 
 cc_test(
@@ -43,7 +45,8 @@ cc_test(
         ],
     ),
     linkopts = select({
-        "//:win": [],
+        "//:windows": [],
+        "//:windows_msvc": [],
         "//conditions:default": [
             "-pthread",
         ],
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock-cardinalities_test.cc b/googlemock/test/gmock-cardinalities_test.cc
index 64815e57..04c792b5 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock-cardinalities_test.cc
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock-cardinalities_test.cc
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ TEST(ExactlyTest, HasCorrectBounds) {
   EXPECT_EQ(3, c.ConservativeUpperBound());
 }
 
-// Tests that a user can make his own cardinality by implementing
+// Tests that a user can make their own cardinality by implementing
 // CardinalityInterface and calling MakeCardinality().
 
 class EvenCardinality : public CardinalityInterface {
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock-generated-matchers_test.cc b/googlemock/test/gmock-generated-matchers_test.cc
index 8234858d..6cba726d 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock-generated-matchers_test.cc
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock-generated-matchers_test.cc
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ TEST(ArgsTest, AcceptsOneTemplateArg) {
 }
 
 TEST(ArgsTest, AcceptsTwoTemplateArgs) {
-  const tuple<short, int, long> t(4, 5, 6L);  // NOLINT
+  const tuple<short, int, long> t(static_cast<short>(4), 5, 6L);  // NOLINT
 
   EXPECT_THAT(t, (Args<0, 1>(Lt())));
   EXPECT_THAT(t, (Args<1, 2>(Lt())));
@@ -128,13 +128,13 @@ TEST(ArgsTest, AcceptsTwoTemplateArgs) {
 }
 
 TEST(ArgsTest, AcceptsRepeatedTemplateArgs) {
-  const tuple<short, int, long> t(4, 5, 6L);  // NOLINT
+  const tuple<short, int, long> t(static_cast<short>(4), 5, 6L);  // NOLINT
   EXPECT_THAT(t, (Args<0, 0>(Eq())));
   EXPECT_THAT(t, Not(Args<1, 1>(Ne())));
 }
 
 TEST(ArgsTest, AcceptsDecreasingTemplateArgs) {
-  const tuple<short, int, long> t(4, 5, 6L);  // NOLINT
+  const tuple<short, int, long> t(static_cast<short>(4), 5, 6L);  // NOLINT
   EXPECT_THAT(t, (Args<2, 0>(Gt())));
   EXPECT_THAT(t, Not(Args<2, 1>(Lt())));
 }
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ TEST(ArgsTest, AcceptsMoreTemplateArgsThanArityOfOriginalTuple) {
 }
 
 TEST(ArgsTest, CanBeNested) {
-  const tuple<short, int, long, int> t(4, 5, 6L, 6);  // NOLINT
+  const tuple<short, int, long, int> t(static_cast<short>(4), 5, 6L, 6);  // NOLINT
   EXPECT_THAT(t, (Args<1, 2, 3>(Args<1, 2>(Eq()))));
   EXPECT_THAT(t, (Args<0, 1, 3>(Args<0, 2>(Lt()))));
 }
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock-internal-utils_test.cc b/googlemock/test/gmock-internal-utils_test.cc
index 9c2423ec..c7893ae2 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock-internal-utils_test.cc
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock-internal-utils_test.cc
@@ -44,15 +44,7 @@
 #include "gmock/internal/gmock-port.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest-spi.h"
-
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// his code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 #if GTEST_OS_CYGWIN
 # include <sys/types.h>  // For ssize_t. NOLINT
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock-matchers_test.cc b/googlemock/test/gmock-matchers_test.cc
index fc867487..5c764eb4 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock-matchers_test.cc
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock-matchers_test.cc
@@ -58,11 +58,12 @@
 # include <forward_list>  // NOLINT
 #endif
 
-namespace testing {
+// Disable MSVC2015 warning for std::pair: "decorated name length exceeded, name was truncated".
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER == 1900)
+# pragma warning(disable:4503)
+#endif
 
-namespace internal {
-GTEST_API_ string JoinAsTuple(const Strings& fields);
-}  // namespace internal
+namespace testing {
 
 namespace gmock_matchers_test {
 
@@ -3931,8 +3932,11 @@ TEST(ResultOfTest, WorksForFunctionReferences) {
 
 // Tests that ResultOf(f, ...) compiles and works as expected when f is a
 // function object.
-struct Functor : public ::std::unary_function<int, std::string> {
-  result_type operator()(argument_type input) const {
+struct Functor {
+  typedef std::string result_type;
+  typedef int argument_type;
+
+  std::string operator()(int input) const {
     return IntToStringFunction(input);
   }
 };
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock-spec-builders_test.cc b/googlemock/test/gmock-spec-builders_test.cc
index c649bfd9..a7bf03e5 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock-spec-builders_test.cc
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock-spec-builders_test.cc
@@ -2682,7 +2682,7 @@ TEST(SynchronizationTest, CanCallMockMethodInAction) {
 
 }  // namespace
 
-// Allows the user to define his own main and then invoke gmock_main
+// Allows the user to define their own main and then invoke gmock_main
 // from it. This might be necessary on some platforms which require
 // specific setup and teardown.
 #if GMOCK_RENAME_MAIN
diff --git a/googletest/CMakeLists.txt b/googletest/CMakeLists.txt
index 59343ed2..77b55cae 100644
--- a/googletest/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/googletest/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ option(
   "Build gtest with internal symbols hidden in shared libraries."
   OFF)
 
+set(CMAKE_DEBUG_POSTFIX "d" CACHE STRING "Generate debug library name with a postfix.")
+
 # Defines pre_project_set_up_hermetic_build() and set_up_hermetic_build().
 include(cmake/hermetic_build.cmake OPTIONAL)
 
@@ -72,11 +74,8 @@ config_compiler_and_linker()  # Defined in internal_utils.cmake.
 
 # Where Google Test's .h files can be found.
 include_directories(
-  ${gtest_SOURCE_DIR}/include
-  ${gtest_SOURCE_DIR})
-
-# Where Google Test's libraries can be found.
-link_directories(${gtest_BINARY_DIR}/src)
+  "${gtest_SOURCE_DIR}/include"
+  "${gtest_SOURCE_DIR}")
 
 # Summary of tuple support for Microsoft Visual Studio:
 # Compiler    version(MS)  version(cmake)  Support
@@ -84,10 +83,12 @@ link_directories(${gtest_BINARY_DIR}/src)
 # <= VS 2010  <= 10        <= 1600         Use Google Tests's own tuple.
 # VS 2012     11           1700            std::tr1::tuple + _VARIADIC_MAX=10
 # VS 2013     12           1800            std::tr1::tuple
+# VS 2015     14           1900            std::tuple
+# VS 2017     15           >= 1910         std::tuple
 if (MSVC AND MSVC_VERSION EQUAL 1700)
   add_definitions(/D _VARIADIC_MAX=10)
 endif()
-
+ 
 ########################################################################
 #
 # Defines the gtest & gtest_main libraries.  User tests should link
@@ -104,8 +105,8 @@ target_link_libraries(gtest_main gtest)
 # to the targets for when we are part of a parent build (ie being pulled
 # in via add_subdirectory() rather than being a standalone build).
 if (DEFINED CMAKE_VERSION AND NOT "${CMAKE_VERSION}" VERSION_LESS "2.8.11")
-  target_include_directories(gtest      INTERFACE "${gtest_SOURCE_DIR}/include")
-  target_include_directories(gtest_main INTERFACE "${gtest_SOURCE_DIR}/include")
+  target_include_directories(gtest      SYSTEM INTERFACE "${gtest_SOURCE_DIR}/include")
+  target_include_directories(gtest_main SYSTEM INTERFACE "${gtest_SOURCE_DIR}/include")
 endif()
 
 ########################################################################
@@ -113,11 +114,11 @@ endif()
 # Install rules
 if(INSTALL_GTEST)
   install(TARGETS gtest gtest_main
-    RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR}
-    ARCHIVE DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}
-    LIBRARY DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR})
-  install(DIRECTORY ${gtest_SOURCE_DIR}/include/gtest
-    DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR})
+    RUNTIME DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR}"
+    ARCHIVE DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}"
+    LIBRARY DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}")
+  install(DIRECTORY "${gtest_SOURCE_DIR}/include/gtest"
+    DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}")
 
   # configure and install pkgconfig files
   configure_file(
diff --git a/googletest/Makefile.am b/googletest/Makefile.am
index dbc004de..b6c7232d 100644
--- a/googletest/Makefile.am
+++ b/googletest/Makefile.am
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ EXTRA_DIST += $(GTEST_SRC)
 # Sample files that we don't compile.
 EXTRA_DIST += \
   samples/prime_tables.h \
+  samples/sample1_unittest.cc \
   samples/sample2_unittest.cc \
   samples/sample3_unittest.cc \
   samples/sample4_unittest.cc \
@@ -120,16 +121,16 @@ EXTRA_DIST += \
 
 # MSVC project files
 EXTRA_DIST += \
-  msvc/gtest-md.sln \
-  msvc/gtest-md.vcproj \
-  msvc/gtest.sln \
-  msvc/gtest.vcproj \
-  msvc/gtest_main-md.vcproj \
-  msvc/gtest_main.vcproj \
-  msvc/gtest_prod_test-md.vcproj \
-  msvc/gtest_prod_test.vcproj \
-  msvc/gtest_unittest-md.vcproj \
-  msvc/gtest_unittest.vcproj
+  msvc/2010/gtest-md.sln \
+  msvc/2010/gtest-md.vcxproj \
+  msvc/2010/gtest.sln \
+  msvc/2010/gtest.vcxproj \
+  msvc/2010/gtest_main-md.vcxproj \
+  msvc/2010/gtest_main.vcxproj \
+  msvc/2010/gtest_prod_test-md.vcxproj \
+  msvc/2010/gtest_prod_test.vcxproj \
+  msvc/2010/gtest_unittest-md.vcxproj \
+  msvc/2010/gtest_unittest.vcxproj
 
 # xcode project files
 EXTRA_DIST += \
@@ -223,33 +224,61 @@ lib_libgtest_main_la_LIBADD = lib/libgtest.la
 # TESTS -- Programs run automatically by "make check"
 # check_PROGRAMS -- Programs built by "make check" but not necessarily run
 
-noinst_LTLIBRARIES = samples/libsamples.la
-
-samples_libsamples_la_SOURCES = \
-  samples/sample1.cc \
-  samples/sample1.h \
-  samples/sample2.cc \
-  samples/sample2.h \
-  samples/sample3-inl.h \
-  samples/sample4.cc \
-  samples/sample4.h
-
 TESTS=
 TESTS_ENVIRONMENT = GTEST_SOURCE_DIR="$(srcdir)/test" \
                     GTEST_BUILD_DIR="$(top_builddir)/test"
 check_PROGRAMS=
 
 # A simple sample on using gtest.
-TESTS += samples/sample1_unittest
-check_PROGRAMS += samples/sample1_unittest
-samples_sample1_unittest_SOURCES = samples/sample1_unittest.cc
+TESTS += samples/sample1_unittest \
+    samples/sample2_unittest \
+    samples/sample3_unittest \
+    samples/sample4_unittest \
+    samples/sample5_unittest \
+    samples/sample6_unittest \
+    samples/sample7_unittest \
+    samples/sample8_unittest \
+    samples/sample9_unittest \
+    samples/sample10_unittest
+check_PROGRAMS += samples/sample1_unittest \
+    samples/sample2_unittest \
+    samples/sample3_unittest \
+    samples/sample4_unittest \
+    samples/sample5_unittest \
+    samples/sample6_unittest \
+    samples/sample7_unittest \
+    samples/sample8_unittest \
+    samples/sample9_unittest \
+    samples/sample10_unittest
+
+samples_sample1_unittest_SOURCES = samples/sample1_unittest.cc samples/sample1.cc
 samples_sample1_unittest_LDADD = lib/libgtest_main.la \
-                                 lib/libgtest.la \
-                                 samples/libsamples.la
-
-# Another sample.  It also verifies that libgtest works.
-TESTS += samples/sample10_unittest
-check_PROGRAMS += samples/sample10_unittest
+                                 lib/libgtest.la
+samples_sample2_unittest_SOURCES = samples/sample2_unittest.cc samples/sample2.cc
+samples_sample2_unittest_LDADD = lib/libgtest_main.la \
+                                 lib/libgtest.la
+samples_sample3_unittest_SOURCES = samples/sample3_unittest.cc
+samples_sample3_unittest_LDADD = lib/libgtest_main.la \
+                                 lib/libgtest.la
+samples_sample4_unittest_SOURCES = samples/sample4_unittest.cc samples/sample4.cc
+samples_sample4_unittest_LDADD = lib/libgtest_main.la \
+                                 lib/libgtest.la
+samples_sample5_unittest_SOURCES = samples/sample5_unittest.cc samples/sample1.cc
+samples_sample5_unittest_LDADD = lib/libgtest_main.la \
+                                 lib/libgtest.la
+samples_sample6_unittest_SOURCES = samples/sample6_unittest.cc
+samples_sample6_unittest_LDADD = lib/libgtest_main.la \
+                                 lib/libgtest.la
+samples_sample7_unittest_SOURCES = samples/sample7_unittest.cc
+samples_sample7_unittest_LDADD = lib/libgtest_main.la \
+                                 lib/libgtest.la
+samples_sample8_unittest_SOURCES = samples/sample8_unittest.cc
+samples_sample8_unittest_LDADD = lib/libgtest_main.la \
+                                 lib/libgtest.la
+
+# Also verify that libgtest works by itself.
+samples_sample9_unittest_SOURCES = samples/sample9_unittest.cc
+samples_sample9_unittest_LDADD = lib/libgtest.la
 samples_sample10_unittest_SOURCES = samples/sample10_unittest.cc
 samples_sample10_unittest_LDADD = lib/libgtest.la
 
diff --git a/googletest/README.md b/googletest/README.md
index 0a3474c0..225aba24 100644
--- a/googletest/README.md
+++ b/googletest/README.md
@@ -161,7 +161,8 @@ Existing build's `CMakeLists.txt`:
     # Add googletest directly to our build. This defines
     # the gtest and gtest_main targets.
     add_subdirectory(${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-src
-                     ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-build)
+                     ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-build
+                     EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL)
 
     # The gtest/gtest_main targets carry header search path
     # dependencies automatically when using CMake 2.8.11 or
@@ -182,6 +183,17 @@ technique is discussed in more detail in
 which also contains a link to a fully generalized implementation
 of the technique.
 
+##### Visual Studio Dynamic vs Static Runtimes #####
+
+By default, new Visual Studio projects link the C runtimes dynamically
+but Google Test links them statically.
+This will generate an error that looks something like the following:
+    gtest.lib(gtest-all.obj) : error LNK2038: mismatch detected for 'RuntimeLibrary': value 'MTd_StaticDebug' doesn't match value 'MDd_DynamicDebug' in main.obj
+
+Google Test already has a CMake option for this: `gtest_force_shared_crt`
+
+Enabling this option will make gtest link the runtimes dynamically too,
+and match the project in which it is included.
 
 ### Legacy Build Scripts ###
 
@@ -346,38 +358,3 @@ instead of
     TEST(SomeTest, DoesThis) { ... }
 
 in order to define a test.
-
-## Developing Google Test ##
-
-This section discusses how to make your own changes to Google Test.
-
-### Testing Google Test Itself ###
-
-To make sure your changes work as intended and don't break existing
-functionality, you'll want to compile and run Google Test's own tests.
-For that you can use CMake:
-
-    mkdir mybuild
-    cd mybuild
-    cmake -Dgtest_build_tests=ON ${GTEST_DIR}
-
-Make sure you have Python installed, as some of Google Test's tests
-are written in Python.  If the cmake command complains about not being
-able to find Python (`Could NOT find PythonInterp (missing:
-PYTHON_EXECUTABLE)`), try telling it explicitly where your Python
-executable can be found:
-
-    cmake -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=path/to/python -Dgtest_build_tests=ON ${GTEST_DIR}
-
-Next, you can build Google Test and all of its own tests.  On \*nix,
-this is usually done by 'make'.  To run the tests, do
-
-    make test
-
-All tests should pass.
-
-Normally you don't need to worry about regenerating the source files,
-unless you need to modify them.  In that case, you should modify the
-corresponding .pump files instead and run the pump.py Python script to
-regenerate them.  You can find pump.py in the [scripts/](scripts/) directory.
-Read the [Pump manual](docs/PumpManual.md) for how to use it.
diff --git a/googletest/cmake/internal_utils.cmake b/googletest/cmake/internal_utils.cmake
index ce947337..c54bc94f 100644
--- a/googletest/cmake/internal_utils.cmake
+++ b/googletest/cmake/internal_utils.cmake
@@ -87,10 +87,6 @@ macro(config_compiler_and_linker)
       # http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3232669 explains the issue.
       set(cxx_base_flags "${cxx_base_flags} -wd4702")
     endif()
-    if (NOT (MSVC_VERSION GREATER 1900))  # 1900 is Visual Studio 2015
-      # BigObj required for tests.
-      set(cxx_base_flags "${cxx_base_flags} -bigobj")
-    endif()
 
     set(cxx_base_flags "${cxx_base_flags} -D_UNICODE -DUNICODE -DWIN32 -D_WIN32")
     set(cxx_base_flags "${cxx_base_flags} -DSTRICT -DWIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN")
@@ -98,7 +94,7 @@ macro(config_compiler_and_linker)
     set(cxx_no_exception_flags "-D_HAS_EXCEPTIONS=0")
     set(cxx_no_rtti_flags "-GR-")
   elseif (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
-    set(cxx_base_flags "-Wall -Wshadow")
+    set(cxx_base_flags "-Wall -Wshadow -Werror")
     set(cxx_exception_flags "-fexceptions")
     set(cxx_no_exception_flags "-fno-exceptions")
     # Until version 4.3.2, GCC doesn't define a macro to indicate
@@ -187,6 +183,10 @@ endfunction()
 # is built from the given source files with the given compiler flags.
 function(cxx_executable_with_flags name cxx_flags libs)
   add_executable(${name} ${ARGN})
+  if (MSVC AND (NOT (MSVC_VERSION LESS 1700)))  # 1700 is Visual Studio 2012.
+    # BigObj required for tests.
+    set(cxx_flags "${cxx_flags} -bigobj")
+  endif()
   if (cxx_flags)
     set_target_properties(${name}
       PROPERTIES
diff --git a/googletest/docs/AdvancedGuide.md b/googletest/docs/AdvancedGuide.md
index 1076496d..e4dd94de 100644
--- a/googletest/docs/AdvancedGuide.md
+++ b/googletest/docs/AdvancedGuide.md
@@ -1263,7 +1263,7 @@ known as <i>abstract tests</i>. As an example of its application, when you
 are designing an interface you can write a standard suite of abstract
 tests (perhaps using a factory function as the test parameter) that
 all implementations of the interface are expected to pass. When
-someone implements the interface, he can instantiate your suite to get
+someone implements the interface, they can instantiate your suite to get
 all the interface-conformance tests for free.
 
 To define abstract tests, you should organize your code like this:
diff --git a/googletest/docs/DevGuide.md b/googletest/docs/DevGuide.md
deleted file mode 100644
index 88a3de9f..00000000
--- a/googletest/docs/DevGuide.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,130 +0,0 @@
-
-
-If you are interested in understanding the internals of Google Test,
-building from source, or contributing ideas or modifications to the
-project, then this document is for you.
-
-# Introduction #
-
-First, let's give you some background of the project.
-
-## Licensing ##
-
-All Google Test source and pre-built packages are provided under the [New BSD License](http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php).
-
-## The Google Test Community ##
-
-The Google Test community exists primarily through the [discussion group](http://groups.google.com/group/googletestframework) and the GitHub repository.
-You are definitely encouraged to contribute to the
-discussion and you can also help us to keep the effectiveness of the
-group high by following and promoting the guidelines listed here.
-
-### Please Be Friendly ###
-
-Showing courtesy and respect to others is a vital part of the Google
-culture, and we strongly encourage everyone participating in Google
-Test development to join us in accepting nothing less. Of course,
-being courteous is not the same as failing to constructively disagree
-with each other, but it does mean that we should be respectful of each
-other when enumerating the 42 technical reasons that a particular
-proposal may not be the best choice. There's never a reason to be
-antagonistic or dismissive toward anyone who is sincerely trying to
-contribute to a discussion.
-
-Sure, C++ testing is serious business and all that, but it's also
-a lot of fun. Let's keep it that way. Let's strive to be one of the
-friendliest communities in all of open source.
-
-As always, discuss Google Test in the official GoogleTest discussion group.
-You don't have to actually submit code in order to sign up. Your participation
-itself is a valuable contribution.
-
-# Working with the Code #
-
-If you want to get your hands dirty with the code inside Google Test,
-this is the section for you.
-
-## Compiling from Source ##
-
-Once you check out the code, you can find instructions on how to
-compile it in the [README](../README.md) file.
-
-## Testing ##
-
-A testing framework is of no good if itself is not thoroughly tested.
-Tests should be written for any new code, and changes should be
-verified to not break existing tests before they are submitted for
-review. To perform the tests, follow the instructions in
-[README](../README.md) and verify that there are no failures.
-
-# Contributing Code #
-
-We are excited that Google Test is now open source, and hope to get
-great patches from the community. Before you fire up your favorite IDE
-and begin hammering away at that new feature, though, please take the
-time to read this section and understand the process. While it seems
-rigorous, we want to keep a high standard of quality in the code
-base.
-
-## Contributor License Agreements ##
-
-You must sign a Contributor License Agreement (CLA) before we can
-accept any code.  The CLA protects you and us.
-
-  * If you are an individual writing original source code and you're sure you own the intellectual property, then you'll need to sign an [individual CLA](http://code.google.com/legal/individual-cla-v1.0.html).
-  * If you work for a company that wants to allow you to contribute your work to Google Test, then you'll need to sign a [corporate CLA](http://code.google.com/legal/corporate-cla-v1.0.html).
-
-Follow either of the two links above to access the appropriate CLA and
-instructions for how to sign and return it.
-
-## Coding Style ##
-
-To keep the source consistent, readable, diffable and easy to merge,
-we use a fairly rigid coding style, as defined by the [google-styleguide](https://github.com/google/styleguide) project.  All patches will be expected
-to conform to the style outlined [here](https://google.github.io/styleguide/cppguide.html).
-
-## Updating Generated Code ##
-
-Some of Google Test's source files are generated by the Pump tool (a
-Python script).  If you need to update such files, please modify the
-source (`foo.h.pump`) and re-generate the C++ file using Pump.  You
-can read the PumpManual for details.
-
-## Submitting Patches ##
-
-Please do submit code. Here's what you need to do:
-
-  1. A submission should be a set of changes that addresses one issue in the [issue tracker](https://github.com/google/googletest/issues). Please don't mix more than one logical change per submittal, because it makes the history hard to follow. If you want to make a change that doesn't have a corresponding issue in the issue tracker, please create one.
-  1. Also, coordinate with team members that are listed on the issue in question. This ensures that work isn't being duplicated and communicating your plan early also generally leads to better patches.
-  1. Ensure that your code adheres to the [Google Test source code style](#Coding_Style.md).
-  1. Ensure that there are unit tests for your code.
-  1. Sign a Contributor License Agreement.
-  1. Create a Pull Request in the usual way.
-
-If you are a Googler, it is preferable to first create an internal change and
-have it reviewed and submitted, and then create an upstreaming pull
-request here. 
-
-## Google Test Committers ##
-
-The current members of the Google Test engineering team are the only
-committers at present. In the great tradition of eating one's own
-dogfood, we will be requiring each new Google Test engineering team
-member to earn the right to become a committer by following the
-procedures in this document, writing consistently great code, and
-demonstrating repeatedly that he or she truly gets the zen of Google
-Test.
-
-# Release Process #
-
-We follow a typical release process:
-
-  1. A release branch named `release-X.Y` is created.
-  1. Bugs are fixed and features are added in trunk; those individual patches are merged into the release branch until it's stable.
-  1. An individual point release (the `Z` in `X.Y.Z`) is made by creating a tag from the branch.
-  1. Repeat steps 2 and 3 throughout one release cycle (as determined by features or time).
-  1. Go back to step 1 to create another release branch and so on.
-
----
-
-This page is based on the [Making GWT Better](http://code.google.com/webtoolkit/makinggwtbetter.html) guide from the [Google Web Toolkit](http://code.google.com/webtoolkit/) project.  Except as otherwise [noted](http://code.google.com/policies.html#restrictions), the content of this page is licensed under the [Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 License](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/).
diff --git a/googletest/docs/Documentation.md b/googletest/docs/Documentation.md
index 1e4c5c54..3784c8fd 100644
--- a/googletest/docs/Documentation.md
+++ b/googletest/docs/Documentation.md
@@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ the respective git branch/tag).**
 
 To contribute code to Google Test, read:
 
-  * [DevGuide](DevGuide.md) -- read this _before_ writing your first patch.
+  * [CONTRIBUTING](../CONTRIBUTING.md) -- read this _before_ writing your first patch.
   * [PumpManual](PumpManual.md) -- how we generate some of Google Test's source files.
diff --git a/googletest/docs/FAQ.md b/googletest/docs/FAQ.md
index 76c23727..1a216a1a 100644
--- a/googletest/docs/FAQ.md
+++ b/googletest/docs/FAQ.md
@@ -102,9 +102,9 @@ Then every user of your machine can write tests without
 recompiling Google Test.
 
 This seemed like a good idea, but it has a
-got-cha: every user needs to compile his tests using the _same_ compiler
+got-cha: every user needs to compile their tests using the _same_ compiler
 flags used to compile the installed Google Test libraries; otherwise
-he may run into undefined behaviors (i.e. the tests can behave
+they may run into undefined behaviors (i.e. the tests can behave
 strangely and may even crash for no obvious reasons).
 
 Why?  Because C++ has this thing called the One-Definition Rule: if
@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ EXPECT_PRED1(IsPositive, 5);
 However, this will work:
 
 ``` cpp
-EXPECT_PRED1(*static_cast<bool (*)(int)>*(IsPositive), 5);
+EXPECT_PRED1(static_cast<bool (*)(int)>(IsPositive), 5);
 ```
 
 (The stuff inside the angled brackets for the `static_cast` operator is the
@@ -512,14 +512,14 @@ bool IsNegative(T x) {
 you can use it in a predicate assertion like this:
 
 ``` cpp
-ASSERT_PRED1(IsNegative*<int>*, -5);
+ASSERT_PRED1(IsNegative<int>, -5);
 ```
 
 Things are more interesting if your template has more than one parameters. The
 following won't compile:
 
 ``` cpp
-ASSERT_PRED2(*GreaterThan<int, int>*, 5, 0);
+ASSERT_PRED2(GreaterThan<int, int>, 5, 0);
 ```
 
 
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ which is one more than expected. The workaround is to wrap the predicate
 function in parentheses:
 
 ``` cpp
-ASSERT_PRED2(*(GreaterThan<int, int>)*, 5, 0);
+ASSERT_PRED2((GreaterThan<int, int>), 5, 0);
 ```
 
 
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-param-test.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-param-test.h
index 038f9ba7..83dd8daa 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-param-test.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-param-test.h
@@ -185,15 +185,10 @@ TEST_P(DerivedTest, DoesBlah) {
 # include <utility>
 #endif
 
-// scripts/fuse_gtest.py depends on gtest's own header being #included
-// *unconditionally*.  Therefore these #includes cannot be moved
-// inside #if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST.
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h"
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-param-util.h"
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-param-util-generated.h"
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
-
 namespace testing {
 
 // Functions producing parameter generators.
@@ -1412,21 +1407,21 @@ internal::CartesianProductHolder10<Generator1, Generator2, Generator3,
 // type testing::TestParamInfo<class ParamType>, and return std::string.
 //
 // testing::PrintToStringParamName is a builtin test suffix generator that
-// returns the value of testing::PrintToString(GetParam()). It does not work
-// for std::string or C strings.
+// returns the value of testing::PrintToString(GetParam()).
 //
 // Note: test names must be non-empty, unique, and may only contain ASCII
-// alphanumeric characters or underscore.
+// alphanumeric characters or underscore. Because PrintToString adds quotes
+// to std::string and C strings, it won't work for these types.
 
 # define INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(prefix, test_case_name, generator, ...) \
-  ::testing::internal::ParamGenerator<test_case_name::ParamType> \
+  static ::testing::internal::ParamGenerator<test_case_name::ParamType> \
       gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_EvalGenerator_() { return generator; } \
-  ::std::string gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_EvalGenerateName_( \
+  static ::std::string gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_EvalGenerateName_( \
       const ::testing::TestParamInfo<test_case_name::ParamType>& info) { \
     return ::testing::internal::GetParamNameGen<test_case_name::ParamType> \
         (__VA_ARGS__)(info); \
   } \
-  int gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_dummy_ GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_ = \
+  static int gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_dummy_ GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_ = \
       ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->parameterized_test_registry(). \
           GetTestCasePatternHolder<test_case_name>(\
               #test_case_name, \
@@ -1439,6 +1434,4 @@ internal::CartesianProductHolder10<Generator1, Generator2, Generator3,
 
 }  // namespace testing
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
-
 #endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PARAM_TEST_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-param-test.h.pump b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-param-test.h.pump
index 3078d6d2..504b7d1b 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-param-test.h.pump
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-param-test.h.pump
@@ -184,15 +184,10 @@ TEST_P(DerivedTest, DoesBlah) {
 # include <utility>
 #endif
 
-// scripts/fuse_gtest.py depends on gtest's own header being #included
-// *unconditionally*.  Therefore these #includes cannot be moved
-// inside #if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST.
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h"
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-param-util.h"
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-param-util-generated.h"
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
-
 namespace testing {
 
 // Functions producing parameter generators.
@@ -485,14 +480,14 @@ internal::CartesianProductHolder$i<$for j, [[Generator$j]]> Combine(
 // to std::string and C strings, it won't work for these types.
 
 # define INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(prefix, test_case_name, generator, ...) \
-  ::testing::internal::ParamGenerator<test_case_name::ParamType> \
+  static ::testing::internal::ParamGenerator<test_case_name::ParamType> \
       gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_EvalGenerator_() { return generator; } \
-  ::std::string gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_EvalGenerateName_( \
+  static ::std::string gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_EvalGenerateName_( \
       const ::testing::TestParamInfo<test_case_name::ParamType>& info) { \
     return ::testing::internal::GetParamNameGen<test_case_name::ParamType> \
         (__VA_ARGS__)(info); \
   } \
-  int gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_dummy_ GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_ = \
+  static int gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_dummy_ GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_ = \
       ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->parameterized_test_registry(). \
           GetTestCasePatternHolder<test_case_name>(\
               #test_case_name, \
@@ -505,6 +500,4 @@ internal::CartesianProductHolder$i<$for j, [[Generator$j]]> Combine(
 
 }  // namespace testing
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
-
 #endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PARAM_TEST_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-printers.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-printers.h
index fba76614..38c63d25 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-printers.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-printers.h
@@ -137,7 +137,8 @@ class TypeWithoutFormatter {
  public:
   // This default version is called when kTypeKind is kOtherType.
   static void PrintValue(const T& value, ::std::ostream* os) {
-    PrintBytesInObjectTo(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char*>(&value),
+    PrintBytesInObjectTo(static_cast<const unsigned char*>(
+                             reinterpret_cast<const void *>(&value)),
                          sizeof(value), os);
   }
 };
@@ -426,13 +427,8 @@ void DefaultPrintTo(WrapPrinterType<kPrintFunctionPointer> /* dummy */,
     *os << "NULL";
   } else {
     // T is a function type, so '*os << p' doesn't do what we want
-    // (it just prints p as bool).  We want to print p as a const
-    // void*.  However, we cannot cast it to const void* directly,
-    // even using reinterpret_cast, as earlier versions of gcc
-    // (e.g. 3.4.5) cannot compile the cast when p is a function
-    // pointer.  Casting to UInt64 first solves the problem.
-    *os << reinterpret_cast<const void*>(
-        reinterpret_cast<internal::UInt64>(p));
+    // (it just prints p as bool).  Cast p to const void* to print it.
+    *os << reinterpret_cast<const void*>(p);
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest.h
index c1cd69ab..2ad5a0cb 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest.h
@@ -259,7 +259,9 @@ class GTEST_API_ AssertionResult {
   // Used in EXPECT_TRUE/FALSE(assertion_result).
   AssertionResult(const AssertionResult& other);
 
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1910
   GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4800 /* forcing value to bool */)
+#endif
 
   // Used in the EXPECT_TRUE/FALSE(bool_expression).
   //
@@ -276,7 +278,9 @@ class GTEST_API_ AssertionResult {
           /*enabler*/ = NULL)
       : success_(success) {}
 
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1910
   GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
+#endif
 
   // Assignment operator.
   AssertionResult& operator=(AssertionResult other) {
@@ -1180,14 +1184,12 @@ class GTEST_API_ UnitTest {
   // Returns the random seed used at the start of the current test run.
   int random_seed() const;
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
   // Returns the ParameterizedTestCaseRegistry object used to keep track of
   // value-parameterized tests and instantiate and register them.
   //
   // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
   internal::ParameterizedTestCaseRegistry& parameterized_test_registry()
       GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_);
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 
   // Gets the number of successful test cases.
   int successful_test_case_count() const;
@@ -1388,11 +1390,9 @@ AssertionResult CmpHelperEQ(const char* lhs_expression,
                             const char* rhs_expression,
                             const T1& lhs,
                             const T2& rhs) {
-GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4389 /* signed/unsigned mismatch */)
   if (lhs == rhs) {
     return AssertionSuccess();
   }
-GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
 
   return CmpHelperEQFailure(lhs_expression, rhs_expression, lhs, rhs);
 }
@@ -1706,7 +1706,6 @@ class GTEST_API_ AssertHelper {
 
 }  // namespace internal
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 // The pure interface class that all value-parameterized tests inherit from.
 // A value-parameterized class must inherit from both ::testing::Test and
 // ::testing::WithParamInterface. In most cases that just means inheriting
@@ -1783,7 +1782,6 @@ template <typename T>
 class TestWithParam : public Test, public WithParamInterface<T> {
 };
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 
 // Macros for indicating success/failure in test code.
 
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest-port.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest-port.h
index c85f5d58..94884c15 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest-port.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest-port.h
@@ -61,6 +61,9 @@
 //     GTEST_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_REQUIRED_(locks)
 //     GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(locks)
 //
+//   Underlying library support features:
+//     GTEST_HAS_CXXABI_H_
+//
 //   Exporting API symbols:
 //     GTEST_API_ - Specifier for exported symbols.
 //
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest.h
index a7a1c0b7..6f7c5e40 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest.h
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 // GTEST_CUSTOM_TEMPDIR_FUNCTION_ - An override for testing::TempDir().
 //                                  See testing::TempDir for semantics and
 //                                  signature.
-// 
+//
 // ** Custom implementation starts here **
 
 #ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-death-test-internal.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-death-test-internal.h
index 2b3a78f5..8907f6f9 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-death-test-internal.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-death-test-internal.h
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 //
-// Authors: wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan), eefacm@gmail.com (Sean Mcafee)
 //
 // The Google C++ Testing Framework (Google Test)
 //
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util-generated.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util-generated.h
index 4d1d81d2..34bd0ddf 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util-generated.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util-generated.h
@@ -46,14 +46,9 @@
 #ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PARAM_UTIL_GENERATED_H_
 #define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PARAM_UTIL_GENERATED_H_
 
-// scripts/fuse_gtest.py depends on gtest's own header being #included
-// *unconditionally*.  Therefore these #includes cannot be moved
-// inside #if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST.
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-param-util.h"
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
-
 namespace testing {
 
 // Forward declarations of ValuesIn(), which is implemented in
@@ -5141,6 +5136,4 @@ CartesianProductHolder10(const Generator1& g1, const Generator2& g2,
 }  // namespace internal
 }  // namespace testing
 
-#endif  //  GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
-
 #endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PARAM_UTIL_GENERATED_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util-generated.h.pump b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util-generated.h.pump
index 5c7c47af..7fcf4ce8 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util-generated.h.pump
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util-generated.h.pump
@@ -45,14 +45,9 @@ $var maxtuple = 10  $$ Maximum number of Combine arguments we want to support.
 #ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PARAM_UTIL_GENERATED_H_
 #define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PARAM_UTIL_GENERATED_H_
 
-// scripts/fuse_gtest.py depends on gtest's own header being #included
-// *unconditionally*.  Therefore these #includes cannot be moved
-// inside #if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST.
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-param-util.h"
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
-
 namespace testing {
 
 // Forward declarations of ValuesIn(), which is implemented in
@@ -281,6 +276,4 @@ $for j [[
 }  // namespace internal
 }  // namespace testing
 
-#endif  //  GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
-
 #endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PARAM_UTIL_GENERATED_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util.h
index 3142f742..3c80863c 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util.h
@@ -41,16 +41,11 @@
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
-// scripts/fuse_gtest.py depends on gtest's own header being #included
-// *unconditionally*.  Therefore these #includes cannot be moved
-// inside #if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST.
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h"
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-linked_ptr.h"
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest-printers.h"
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
-
 namespace testing {
 
 // Input to a parameterized test name generator, describing a test parameter.
@@ -725,6 +720,4 @@ class ParameterizedTestCaseRegistry {
 }  // namespace internal
 }  // namespace testing
 
-#endif  //  GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
-
 #endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PARAM_UTIL_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h
index 643beff9..58ab7fdf 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h
@@ -171,7 +171,6 @@
 //   GTEST_HAS_COMBINE      - the Combine() function (for value-parameterized
 //                            tests)
 //   GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST   - death tests
-//   GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST   - value-parameterized tests
 //   GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST   - typed tests
 //   GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P - type-parameterized tests
 //   GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE    - Google Test is thread-safe.
@@ -325,7 +324,7 @@
 // -std={c,gnu}++{0x,11} is passed.  The C++11 standard specifies a
 // value for __cplusplus, and recent versions of clang, gcc, and
 // probably other compilers set that too in C++11 mode.
-# if __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__ || __cplusplus >= 201103L
+# if __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__ || __cplusplus >= 201103L || _MSC_VER >= 1900
 // Compiling in at least C++11 mode.
 #  define GTEST_LANG_CXX11 1
 # else
@@ -357,12 +356,16 @@
 #if GTEST_STDLIB_CXX11
 # define GTEST_HAS_STD_BEGIN_AND_END_ 1
 # define GTEST_HAS_STD_FORWARD_LIST_ 1
-# define GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_ 1
+# if !defined(_MSC_VER) || (_MSC_FULL_VER >= 190023824) // works only with VS2015U2 and better
+#   define GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_ 1
+# endif
 # define GTEST_HAS_STD_INITIALIZER_LIST_ 1
 # define GTEST_HAS_STD_MOVE_ 1
 # define GTEST_HAS_STD_SHARED_PTR_ 1
 # define GTEST_HAS_STD_TYPE_TRAITS_ 1
 # define GTEST_HAS_STD_UNIQUE_PTR_ 1
+# define GTEST_HAS_UNORDERED_MAP_ 1
+# define GTEST_HAS_UNORDERED_SET_ 1
 #endif
 
 // C++11 specifies that <tuple> provides std::tuple.
@@ -638,6 +641,9 @@ typedef struct _RTL_CRITICAL_SECTION GTEST_CRITICAL_SECTION;
 # if GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID && defined(_STLPORT_MAJOR)
 // STLport, provided with the Android NDK, has neither <tr1/tuple> or <tuple>.
 #  define GTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE 0
+# elif defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1910)
+// Prevent `warning C4996: 'std::tr1': warning STL4002: The non-Standard std::tr1 namespace and TR1-only machinery are deprecated and will be REMOVED.`
+#  define GTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE 0
 # else
 // The user didn't tell us not to do it, so we assume it's OK.
 #  define GTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE 1
@@ -660,7 +666,8 @@ typedef struct _RTL_CRITICAL_SECTION GTEST_CRITICAL_SECTION;
 // support TR1 tuple.  libc++ only provides std::tuple, in C++11 mode,
 // and it can be used with some compilers that define __GNUC__.
 # if (defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__CUDACC__) && (GTEST_GCC_VER_ >= 40000) \
-      && !GTEST_OS_QNX && !defined(_LIBCPP_VERSION)) || _MSC_VER >= 1600
+      && !GTEST_OS_QNX && !defined(_LIBCPP_VERSION)) \
+      || (_MSC_VER >= 1600 && _MSC_VER < 1900)
 #  define GTEST_ENV_HAS_TR1_TUPLE_ 1
 # endif
 
@@ -741,7 +748,7 @@ using ::std::tuple_size;
 #   define _TR1_FUNCTIONAL 1
 #   include <tr1/tuple>
 #   undef _TR1_FUNCTIONAL  // Allows the user to #include
-                        // <tr1/functional> if he chooses to.
+                        // <tr1/functional> if they choose to.
 #  else
 #   include <tr1/tuple>  // NOLINT
 #  endif  // !GTEST_HAS_RTTI && GTEST_GCC_VER_ < 40302
@@ -807,11 +814,6 @@ using ::std::tuple_size;
 # define GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST 1
 #endif
 
-// We don't support MSVC 7.1 with exceptions disabled now.  Therefore
-// all the compilers we care about are adequate for supporting
-// value-parameterized tests.
-#define GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST 1
-
 // Determines whether to support type-driven tests.
 
 // Typed tests need <typeinfo> and variadic macros, which GCC, VC++ 8.0,
@@ -822,11 +824,10 @@ using ::std::tuple_size;
 # define GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P 1
 #endif
 
-// Determines whether to support Combine(). This only makes sense when
-// value-parameterized tests are enabled.  The implementation doesn't
-// work on Sun Studio since it doesn't understand templated conversion
-// operators.
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST && GTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE && !defined(__SUNPRO_CC)
+// Determines whether to support Combine().
+// The implementation doesn't work on Sun Studio since it doesn't
+// understand templated conversion operators.
+#if (GTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE || GTEST_HAS_STD_TUPLE_) && !defined(__SUNPRO_CC)
 # define GTEST_HAS_COMBINE 1
 #endif
 
@@ -878,7 +879,7 @@ using ::std::tuple_size;
 #endif
 
 // Use this annotation before a function that takes a printf format string.
-#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(COMPILER_ICC)
+#if (defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)) && !defined(COMPILER_ICC)
 # if defined(__MINGW_PRINTF_FORMAT)
 // MinGW has two different printf implementations. Ensure the format macro
 // matches the selected implementation. See
@@ -2061,7 +2062,7 @@ extern "C" inline void DeleteThreadLocalValue(void* value_holder) {
 
 // Implements thread-local storage on pthreads-based systems.
 template <typename T>
-class ThreadLocal {
+class GTEST_API_ ThreadLocal {
  public:
   ThreadLocal()
       : key_(CreateKey()), default_factory_(new DefaultValueHolderFactory()) {}
@@ -2193,7 +2194,7 @@ class GTestMutexLock {
 typedef GTestMutexLock MutexLock;
 
 template <typename T>
-class ThreadLocal {
+class GTEST_API_ ThreadLocal {
  public:
   ThreadLocal() : value_() {}
   explicit ThreadLocal(const T& value) : value_(value) {}
@@ -2591,10 +2592,6 @@ std::string StringFromGTestEnv(const char* flag, const char* default_val);
 
 }  // namespace internal
 
-// Returns a path to temporary directory.
-// Tries to determine an appropriate directory for the platform.
-GTEST_API_ std::string TempDir();
-
 }  // namespace testing
 
 #endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_H_
diff --git a/googletest/samples/prime_tables.h b/googletest/samples/prime_tables.h
index 92ce16a0..55a3b44e 100644
--- a/googletest/samples/prime_tables.h
+++ b/googletest/samples/prime_tables.h
@@ -103,11 +103,15 @@ class PreCalculatedPrimeTable : public PrimeTable {
     ::std::fill(is_prime_, is_prime_ + is_prime_size_, true);
     is_prime_[0] = is_prime_[1] = false;
 
-    for (int i = 2; i <= max; i++) {
+    // Checks every candidate for prime number (we know that 2 is the only even
+    // prime).
+    for (int i = 2; i*i <= max; i += i%2+1) {
       if (!is_prime_[i]) continue;
 
       // Marks all multiples of i (except i itself) as non-prime.
-      for (int j = 2*i; j <= max; j += i) {
+      // We are starting here from i-th multiplier, because all smaller
+      // complex numbers were already marked.
+      for (int j = i*i; j <= max; j += i) {
         is_prime_[j] = false;
       }
     }
diff --git a/googletest/samples/sample10_unittest.cc b/googletest/samples/sample10_unittest.cc
index 977e5ff6..10aa7620 100644
--- a/googletest/samples/sample10_unittest.cc
+++ b/googletest/samples/sample10_unittest.cc
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@
 using ::testing::EmptyTestEventListener;
 using ::testing::InitGoogleTest;
 using ::testing::Test;
-using ::testing::TestCase;
 using ::testing::TestEventListeners;
 using ::testing::TestInfo;
 using ::testing::TestPartResult;
diff --git a/googletest/samples/sample4_unittest.cc b/googletest/samples/sample4_unittest.cc
index 948266e8..7bf9ea34 100644
--- a/googletest/samples/sample4_unittest.cc
+++ b/googletest/samples/sample4_unittest.cc
@@ -29,10 +29,12 @@
 //
 // Author: wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan)
 
-#include "gtest/gtest.h"
 #include "sample4.h"
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+
 namespace {
 // Tests the Increment() method.
+
 TEST(Counter, Increment) {
   Counter c;
 
@@ -43,4 +45,5 @@ TEST(Counter, Increment) {
   EXPECT_EQ(1, c.Increment());
   EXPECT_EQ(2, c.Increment());
 }
+
 }  // namespace
diff --git a/googletest/samples/sample5_unittest.cc b/googletest/samples/sample5_unittest.cc
index 30999307..401a58a5 100644
--- a/googletest/samples/sample5_unittest.cc
+++ b/googletest/samples/sample5_unittest.cc
@@ -46,9 +46,9 @@
 
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <time.h>
-#include "sample3-inl.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 #include "sample1.h"
+#include "sample3-inl.h"
 namespace {
 // In this sample, we want to ensure that every test finishes within
 // ~5 seconds.  If a test takes longer to run, we consider it a
diff --git a/googletest/samples/sample7_unittest.cc b/googletest/samples/sample7_unittest.cc
index b59e1d96..efa97289 100644
--- a/googletest/samples/sample7_unittest.cc
+++ b/googletest/samples/sample7_unittest.cc
@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@
 
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 namespace {
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 
 using ::testing::TestWithParam;
 using ::testing::Values;
@@ -116,15 +115,4 @@ INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(OnTheFlyAndPreCalculated, PrimeTableTestSmpl7,
                         Values(&CreateOnTheFlyPrimeTable,
                                &CreatePreCalculatedPrimeTable<1000>));
 
-#else
-
-// Google Test may not support value-parameterized tests with some
-// compilers. If we use conditional compilation to compile out all
-// code referring to the gtest_main library, MSVC linker will not link
-// that library at all and consequently complain about missing entry
-// point defined in that library (fatal error LNK1561: entry point
-// must be defined). This dummy test keeps gtest_main linked in.
-TEST(DummyTest, ValueParameterizedTestsAreNotSupportedOnThisPlatform) {}
-
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 }  // namespace
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest-death-test.cc b/googletest/src/gtest-death-test.cc
index fca10355..2bbb1bc9 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest-death-test.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest-death-test.cc
@@ -66,15 +66,7 @@
 
 #include "gtest/gtest-message.h"
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-string.h"
-
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick exists to
-// prevent the accidental inclusion of gtest-internal-inl.h in the
-// user's code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 namespace testing {
 
@@ -259,7 +251,7 @@ enum DeathTestOutcome { IN_PROGRESS, DIED, LIVED, RETURNED, THREW };
 // message is propagated back to the parent process.  Otherwise, the
 // message is simply printed to stderr.  In either case, the program
 // then exits with status 1.
-void DeathTestAbort(const std::string& message) {
+static void DeathTestAbort(const std::string& message) {
   // On a POSIX system, this function may be called from a threadsafe-style
   // death test child process, which operates on a very small stack.  Use
   // the heap for any additional non-minuscule memory requirements.
@@ -985,6 +977,7 @@ static int ExecDeathTestChildMain(void* child_arg) {
 }
 #  endif  // !GTEST_OS_QNX
 
+#  if GTEST_HAS_CLONE
 // Two utility routines that together determine the direction the stack
 // grows.
 // This could be accomplished more elegantly by a single recursive
@@ -994,20 +987,22 @@ static int ExecDeathTestChildMain(void* child_arg) {
 // GTEST_NO_INLINE_ is required to prevent GCC 4.6 from inlining
 // StackLowerThanAddress into StackGrowsDown, which then doesn't give
 // correct answer.
-void StackLowerThanAddress(const void* ptr, bool* result) GTEST_NO_INLINE_;
-void StackLowerThanAddress(const void* ptr, bool* result) {
+static void StackLowerThanAddress(const void* ptr,
+                                  bool* result) GTEST_NO_INLINE_;
+static void StackLowerThanAddress(const void* ptr, bool* result) {
   int dummy;
   *result = (&dummy < ptr);
 }
 
 // Make sure AddressSanitizer does not tamper with the stack here.
 GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_ADDRESS_
-bool StackGrowsDown() {
+static bool StackGrowsDown() {
   int dummy;
   bool result;
   StackLowerThanAddress(&dummy, &result);
   return result;
 }
+#  endif  // GTEST_HAS_CLONE
 
 // Spawns a child process with the same executable as the current process in
 // a thread-safe manner and instructs it to run the death test.  The
@@ -1223,12 +1218,12 @@ bool DefaultDeathTestFactory::Create(const char* statement, const RE* regex,
 // Recreates the pipe and event handles from the provided parameters,
 // signals the event, and returns a file descriptor wrapped around the pipe
 // handle. This function is called in the child process only.
-int GetStatusFileDescriptor(unsigned int parent_process_id,
-                            size_t write_handle_as_size_t,
-                            size_t event_handle_as_size_t) {
+static int GetStatusFileDescriptor(unsigned int parent_process_id,
+                                   size_t write_handle_as_size_t,
+                                   size_t event_handle_as_size_t) {
   AutoHandle parent_process_handle(::OpenProcess(PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE,
-                                                   FALSE,  // Non-inheritable.
-                                                   parent_process_id));
+                                                 FALSE,  // Non-inheritable.
+                                                 parent_process_id));
   if (parent_process_handle.Get() == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
     DeathTestAbort("Unable to open parent process " +
                    StreamableToString(parent_process_id));
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest-internal-inl.h b/googletest/src/gtest-internal-inl.h
index 021feb16..5ec0af9b 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest-internal-inl.h
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest-internal-inl.h
@@ -37,14 +37,6 @@
 #ifndef GTEST_SRC_GTEST_INTERNAL_INL_H_
 #define GTEST_SRC_GTEST_INTERNAL_INL_H_
 
-// GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ is defined to 1 iff the current translation unit is
-// part of Google Test's implementation; otherwise it's undefined.
-#if !GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
-// If this file is included from the user's code, just say no.
-# error "gtest-internal-inl.h is part of Google Test's internal implementation."
-# error "It must not be included except by Google Test itself."
-#endif  // GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
-
 #ifndef _WIN32_WCE
 # include <errno.h>
 #endif  // !_WIN32_WCE
@@ -664,13 +656,11 @@ class GTEST_API_ UnitTestImpl {
                 tear_down_tc)->AddTestInfo(test_info);
   }
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
   // Returns ParameterizedTestCaseRegistry object used to keep track of
   // value-parameterized tests and instantiate and register them.
   internal::ParameterizedTestCaseRegistry& parameterized_test_registry() {
     return parameterized_test_registry_;
   }
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 
   // Sets the TestCase object for the test that's currently running.
   void set_current_test_case(TestCase* a_current_test_case) {
@@ -845,14 +835,12 @@ class GTEST_API_ UnitTestImpl {
   // shuffled order.
   std::vector<int> test_case_indices_;
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
   // ParameterizedTestRegistry object used to register value-parameterized
   // tests.
   internal::ParameterizedTestCaseRegistry parameterized_test_registry_;
 
   // Indicates whether RegisterParameterizedTests() has been called already.
   bool parameterized_tests_registered_;
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 
   // Index of the last death test case registered.  Initially -1.
   int last_death_test_case_;
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest-port.cc b/googletest/src/gtest-port.cc
index 5a6eb873..01711fda 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest-port.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest-port.cc
@@ -67,15 +67,7 @@
 #include "gtest/gtest-message.h"
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h"
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-string.h"
-
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick exists to
-// prevent the accidental inclusion of gtest-internal-inl.h in the
-// user's code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 namespace testing {
 namespace internal {
@@ -671,7 +663,7 @@ bool AtomMatchesChar(bool escaped, char pattern_char, char ch) {
 }
 
 // Helper function used by ValidateRegex() to format error messages.
-std::string FormatRegexSyntaxError(const char* regex, int index) {
+static std::string FormatRegexSyntaxError(const char* regex, int index) {
   return (Message() << "Syntax error at index " << index
           << " in simple regular expression \"" << regex << "\": ").GetString();
 }
@@ -1015,7 +1007,9 @@ static CapturedStream* g_captured_stderr = NULL;
 static CapturedStream* g_captured_stdout = NULL;
 
 // Starts capturing an output stream (stdout/stderr).
-void CaptureStream(int fd, const char* stream_name, CapturedStream** stream) {
+static void CaptureStream(int fd,
+                          const char* stream_name,
+                          CapturedStream** stream) {
   if (*stream != NULL) {
     GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "Only one " << stream_name
                       << " capturer can exist at a time.";
@@ -1024,7 +1018,7 @@ void CaptureStream(int fd, const char* stream_name, CapturedStream** stream) {
 }
 
 // Stops capturing the output stream and returns the captured string.
-std::string GetCapturedStream(CapturedStream** captured_stream) {
+static std::string GetCapturedStream(CapturedStream** captured_stream) {
   const std::string content = (*captured_stream)->GetCapturedString();
 
   delete *captured_stream;
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest-printers.cc b/googletest/src/gtest-printers.cc
index a2df412f..dd67f645 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest-printers.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest-printers.cc
@@ -180,7 +180,10 @@ static CharFormat PrintAsCharLiteralTo(Char c, ostream* os) {
         *os << static_cast<char>(c);
         return kAsIs;
       } else {
-        *os << "\\x" + String::FormatHexInt(static_cast<UnsignedChar>(c));
+        ostream::fmtflags flags = os->flags();
+        *os << "\\x" << std::hex << std::uppercase
+            << static_cast<int>(static_cast<UnsignedChar>(c));
+        os->flags(flags);
         return kHexEscape;
       }
   }
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest-test-part.cc b/googletest/src/gtest-test-part.cc
index fb0e3542..c3926c83 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest-test-part.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest-test-part.cc
@@ -32,15 +32,7 @@
 // The Google C++ Testing Framework (Google Test)
 
 #include "gtest/gtest-test-part.h"
-
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick exists to
-// prevent the accidental inclusion of gtest-internal-inl.h in the
-// user's code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 namespace testing {
 
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest.cc b/googletest/src/gtest.cc
index 71379c60..3e6a0a57 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest.cc
@@ -133,14 +133,7 @@
 # include <sys/types.h>  // NOLINT
 #endif
 
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// his code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 #if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
 # define vsnprintf _vsnprintf
@@ -629,12 +622,12 @@ extern const TypeId kTestTypeIdInGoogleTest = GetTestTypeId();
 // This predicate-formatter checks that 'results' contains a test part
 // failure of the given type and that the failure message contains the
 // given substring.
-AssertionResult HasOneFailure(const char* /* results_expr */,
-                              const char* /* type_expr */,
-                              const char* /* substr_expr */,
-                              const TestPartResultArray& results,
-                              TestPartResult::Type type,
-                              const std::string& substr) {
+static AssertionResult HasOneFailure(const char* /* results_expr */,
+                                     const char* /* type_expr */,
+                                     const char* /* substr_expr */,
+                                     const TestPartResultArray& results,
+                                     TestPartResult::Type type,
+                                     const std::string& substr) {
   const std::string expected(type == TestPartResult::kFatalFailure ?
                         "1 fatal failure" :
                         "1 non-fatal failure");
@@ -1313,13 +1306,14 @@ AssertionResult EqFailure(const char* lhs_expression,
                           const std::string& rhs_value,
                           bool ignoring_case) {
   Message msg;
-  msg << "      Expected: " << lhs_expression;
+  msg << "Expected equality of these values:";
+  msg << "\n  " << lhs_expression;
   if (lhs_value != lhs_expression) {
-    msg << "\n      Which is: " << lhs_value;
+    msg << "\n    Which is: " << lhs_value;
   }
-  msg << "\nTo be equal to: " << rhs_expression;
+  msg << "\n  " << rhs_expression;
   if (rhs_value != rhs_expression) {
-    msg << "\n      Which is: " << rhs_value;
+    msg << "\n    Which is: " << rhs_value;
   }
 
   if (ignoring_case) {
@@ -2136,8 +2130,9 @@ static std::string FormatWordList(const std::vector<std::string>& words) {
   return word_list.GetString();
 }
 
-bool ValidateTestPropertyName(const std::string& property_name,
-                              const std::vector<std::string>& reserved_names) {
+static bool ValidateTestPropertyName(
+    const std::string& property_name,
+    const std::vector<std::string>& reserved_names) {
   if (std::find(reserved_names.begin(), reserved_names.end(), property_name) !=
           reserved_names.end()) {
     ADD_FAILURE() << "Reserved key used in RecordProperty(): " << property_name
@@ -2555,7 +2550,6 @@ TestInfo* MakeAndRegisterTestInfo(
   return test_info;
 }
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 void ReportInvalidTestCaseType(const char* test_case_name,
                                CodeLocation code_location) {
   Message errors;
@@ -2569,12 +2563,11 @@ void ReportInvalidTestCaseType(const char* test_case_name,
       << "probably rename one of the classes to put the tests into different\n"
       << "test cases.";
 
-  fprintf(stderr, "%s %s",
-          FormatFileLocation(code_location.file.c_str(),
-                             code_location.line).c_str(),
-          errors.GetString().c_str());
+  GTEST_LOG_(ERROR)
+       << FormatFileLocation(code_location.file.c_str(),
+                             code_location.line)
+       << " " << errors.GetString();
 }
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 
 }  // namespace internal
 
@@ -2613,12 +2606,10 @@ namespace internal {
 // and INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P into regular tests and registers those.
 // This will be done just once during the program runtime.
 void UnitTestImpl::RegisterParameterizedTests() {
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
   if (!parameterized_tests_registered_) {
     parameterized_test_registry_.RegisterTests();
     parameterized_tests_registered_ = true;
   }
-#endif
 }
 
 }  // namespace internal
@@ -2883,10 +2874,10 @@ enum GTestColor {
 };
 
 #if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE && \
-    !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT
+    !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW
 
 // Returns the character attribute for the given color.
-WORD GetColorAttribute(GTestColor color) {
+static WORD GetColorAttribute(GTestColor color) {
   switch (color) {
     case COLOR_RED:    return FOREGROUND_RED;
     case COLOR_GREEN:  return FOREGROUND_GREEN;
@@ -2895,7 +2886,7 @@ WORD GetColorAttribute(GTestColor color) {
   }
 }
 
-int GetBitOffset(WORD color_mask) {
+static int GetBitOffset(WORD color_mask) {
   if (color_mask == 0) return 0;
 
   int bitOffset = 0;
@@ -2906,7 +2897,7 @@ int GetBitOffset(WORD color_mask) {
   return bitOffset;
 }
 
-WORD GetNewColor(GTestColor color, WORD old_color_attrs) {
+static WORD GetNewColor(GTestColor color, WORD old_color_attrs) {
   // Let's reuse the BG
   static const WORD background_mask = BACKGROUND_BLUE | BACKGROUND_GREEN | BACKGROUND_RED | BACKGROUND_INTENSITY;
   static const WORD foreground_mask = FOREGROUND_BLUE | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY;
@@ -2921,12 +2912,12 @@ WORD GetNewColor(GTestColor color, WORD old_color_attrs) {
   }
   return new_color;
 }
-	
+
 #else
 
 // Returns the ANSI color code for the given color.  COLOR_DEFAULT is
 // an invalid input.
-const char* GetAnsiColorCode(GTestColor color) {
+static const char* GetAnsiColorCode(GTestColor color) {
   switch (color) {
     case COLOR_RED:     return "1";
     case COLOR_GREEN:   return "2";
@@ -2942,7 +2933,7 @@ bool ShouldUseColor(bool stdout_is_tty) {
   const char* const gtest_color = GTEST_FLAG(color).c_str();
 
   if (String::CaseInsensitiveCStringEquals(gtest_color, "auto")) {
-#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
+#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW
     // On Windows the TERM variable is usually not set, but the
     // console there does support colors.
     return stdout_is_tty;
@@ -2979,7 +2970,7 @@ bool ShouldUseColor(bool stdout_is_tty) {
 // This routine must actually emit the characters rather than return a string
 // that would be colored when printed, as can be done on Linux.
 GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_PRINTF_(2, 3)
-void ColoredPrintf(GTestColor color, const char* fmt, ...) {
+static void ColoredPrintf(GTestColor color, const char* fmt, ...) {
   va_list args;
   va_start(args, fmt);
 
@@ -3000,7 +2991,7 @@ void ColoredPrintf(GTestColor color, const char* fmt, ...) {
   }
 
 #if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE && \
-    !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT
+    !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW
   const HANDLE stdout_handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
 
   // Gets the current text color.
@@ -3008,7 +2999,7 @@ void ColoredPrintf(GTestColor color, const char* fmt, ...) {
   GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(stdout_handle, &buffer_info);
   const WORD old_color_attrs = buffer_info.wAttributes;
   const WORD new_color = GetNewColor(color, old_color_attrs);
-  
+
   // We need to flush the stream buffers into the console before each
   // SetConsoleTextAttribute call lest it affect the text that is already
   // printed but has not yet reached the console.
@@ -3033,7 +3024,7 @@ void ColoredPrintf(GTestColor color, const char* fmt, ...) {
 static const char kTypeParamLabel[] = "TypeParam";
 static const char kValueParamLabel[] = "GetParam()";
 
-void PrintFullTestCommentIfPresent(const TestInfo& test_info) {
+static void PrintFullTestCommentIfPresent(const TestInfo& test_info) {
   const char* const type_param = test_info.type_param();
   const char* const value_param = test_info.value_param();
 
@@ -3449,9 +3440,7 @@ class XmlUnitTestResultPrinter : public EmptyTestEventListener {
 XmlUnitTestResultPrinter::XmlUnitTestResultPrinter(const char* output_file)
     : output_file_(output_file) {
   if (output_file_.c_str() == NULL || output_file_.empty()) {
-    fprintf(stderr, "XML output file may not be null\n");
-    fflush(stderr);
-    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+    GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "XML output file may not be null";
   }
 }
 
@@ -3476,11 +3465,8 @@ void XmlUnitTestResultPrinter::OnTestIterationEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test,
     //   3. To interpret the meaning of errno in a thread-safe way,
     //      we need the strerror_r() function, which is not available on
     //      Windows.
-    fprintf(stderr,
-            "Unable to open file \"%s\"\n",
-            output_file_.c_str());
-    fflush(stderr);
-    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+    GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "Unable to open file \""
+                      << output_file_ << "\"";
   }
   std::stringstream stream;
   PrintXmlUnitTest(&stream, unit_test);
@@ -4313,7 +4299,6 @@ const TestInfo* UnitTest::current_test_info() const
 // Returns the random seed used at the start of the current test run.
 int UnitTest::random_seed() const { return impl_->random_seed(); }
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 // Returns ParameterizedTestCaseRegistry object used to keep track of
 // value-parameterized tests and instantiate and register them.
 internal::ParameterizedTestCaseRegistry&
@@ -4321,7 +4306,6 @@ internal::ParameterizedTestCaseRegistry&
         GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_) {
   return impl_->parameterized_test_registry();
 }
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 
 // Creates an empty UnitTest.
 UnitTest::UnitTest() {
@@ -4360,10 +4344,8 @@ UnitTestImpl::UnitTestImpl(UnitTest* parent)
           &default_global_test_part_result_reporter_),
       per_thread_test_part_result_reporter_(
           &default_per_thread_test_part_result_reporter_),
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
       parameterized_test_registry_(),
       parameterized_tests_registered_(false),
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
       last_death_test_case_(-1),
       current_test_case_(NULL),
       current_test_info_(NULL),
@@ -4431,9 +4413,9 @@ void UnitTestImpl::ConfigureXmlOutput() {
     listeners()->SetDefaultXmlGenerator(new XmlUnitTestResultPrinter(
         UnitTestOptions::GetAbsolutePathToOutputFile().c_str()));
   } else if (output_format != "") {
-    printf("WARNING: unrecognized output format \"%s\" ignored.\n",
-           output_format.c_str());
-    fflush(stdout);
+    GTEST_LOG_(WARNING) << "WARNING: unrecognized output format \""
+                        << output_format
+                        << "\" ignored.";
   }
 }
 
@@ -4448,9 +4430,9 @@ void UnitTestImpl::ConfigureStreamingOutput() {
       listeners()->Append(new StreamingListener(target.substr(0, pos),
                                                 target.substr(pos+1)));
     } else {
-      printf("WARNING: unrecognized streaming target \"%s\" ignored.\n",
-             target.c_str());
-      fflush(stdout);
+      GTEST_LOG_(WARNING) << "unrecognized streaming target \""
+                          << target
+                          << "\" ignored.";
     }
   }
 }
@@ -4579,9 +4561,9 @@ static void TearDownEnvironment(Environment* env) { env->TearDown(); }
 bool UnitTestImpl::RunAllTests() {
   // Makes sure InitGoogleTest() was called.
   if (!GTestIsInitialized()) {
-    printf("%s",
-           "\nThis test program did NOT call ::testing::InitGoogleTest "
-           "before calling RUN_ALL_TESTS().  Please fix it.\n");
+    GTEST_LOG_(ERROR) <<
+      "\nThis test program did NOT call ::testing::InitGoogleTest "
+      "before calling RUN_ALL_TESTS().  Please fix it.";
     return false;
   }
 
@@ -5040,9 +5022,9 @@ bool SkipPrefix(const char* prefix, const char** pstr) {
 // part can be omitted.
 //
 // Returns the value of the flag, or NULL if the parsing failed.
-const char* ParseFlagValue(const char* str,
-                           const char* flag,
-                           bool def_optional) {
+static const char* ParseFlagValue(const char* str,
+                                  const char* flag,
+                                  bool def_optional) {
   // str and flag must not be NULL.
   if (str == NULL || flag == NULL) return NULL;
 
@@ -5078,7 +5060,7 @@ const char* ParseFlagValue(const char* str,
 //
 // On success, stores the value of the flag in *value, and returns
 // true.  On failure, returns false without changing *value.
-bool ParseBoolFlag(const char* str, const char* flag, bool* value) {
+static bool ParseBoolFlag(const char* str, const char* flag, bool* value) {
   // Gets the value of the flag as a string.
   const char* const value_str = ParseFlagValue(str, flag, true);
 
@@ -5112,7 +5094,9 @@ bool ParseInt32Flag(const char* str, const char* flag, Int32* value) {
 //
 // On success, stores the value of the flag in *value, and returns
 // true.  On failure, returns false without changing *value.
-bool ParseStringFlag(const char* str, const char* flag, std::string* value) {
+static bool ParseStringFlag(const char* str,
+                            const char* flag,
+                            std::string* value) {
   // Gets the value of the flag as a string.
   const char* const value_str = ParseFlagValue(str, flag, false);
 
@@ -5248,7 +5232,7 @@ static const char kColorEncodedHelpMessage[] =
 "(not one in your own code or tests), please report it to\n"
 "@G<" GTEST_DEV_EMAIL_ ">@D.\n";
 
-bool ParseGoogleTestFlag(const char* const arg) {
+static bool ParseGoogleTestFlag(const char* const arg) {
   return ParseBoolFlag(arg, kAlsoRunDisabledTestsFlag,
                        &GTEST_FLAG(also_run_disabled_tests)) ||
       ParseBoolFlag(arg, kBreakOnFailureFlag,
@@ -5278,14 +5262,12 @@ bool ParseGoogleTestFlag(const char* const arg) {
 }
 
 #if GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_
-void LoadFlagsFromFile(const std::string& path) {
+static void LoadFlagsFromFile(const std::string& path) {
   FILE* flagfile = posix::FOpen(path.c_str(), "r");
   if (!flagfile) {
-    fprintf(stderr,
-            "Unable to open file \"%s\"\n",
-            GTEST_FLAG(flagfile).c_str());
-    fflush(stderr);
-    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+    GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "Unable to open file \""
+                      << GTEST_FLAG(flagfile)
+                      << "\"";
   }
   std::string contents(ReadEntireFile(flagfile));
   posix::FClose(flagfile);
diff --git a/googletest/test/BUILD.bazel b/googletest/test/BUILD.bazel
index 5daa1544..62b88da4 100644
--- a/googletest/test/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/googletest/test/BUILD.bazel
@@ -57,13 +57,15 @@ cc_test(
                         "gtest-param-test_test.cc",
                     ],
                 ) + select({
-        "//:win": [],
+        "//:windows": [],
+        "//:windows_msvc": [],
         "//conditions:default": [
             "gtest-tuple_test.cc",
         ],
         }),
     copts = select({
-        "//:win": ["-DGTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE=0"],
+        "//:windows": ["-DGTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE=0"],
+        "//:windows_msvc": ["-DGTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE=0"],
         "//conditions:default": ["-DGTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE=1"],
     }),
     includes = [
@@ -73,7 +75,8 @@ cc_test(
         "googletest/test",
     ],
     linkopts = select({
-        "//:win": [],
+        "//:windows": [],
+        "//:windows_msvc": [],
         "//conditions:default": [
             "-pthread",
         ],
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest-death-test_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest-death-test_test.cc
index 957fe382..b7846b2c 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest-death-test_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest-death-test_test.cc
@@ -56,15 +56,7 @@ using testing::internal::AlwaysTrue;
 # endif  // GTEST_OS_LINUX
 
 # include "gtest/gtest-spi.h"
-
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// his code.
-# define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 # include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-# undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 namespace posix = ::testing::internal::posix;
 
@@ -313,14 +305,14 @@ void DieWithEmbeddedNul() {
 }
 
 # if GTEST_USES_PCRE
+
 // Tests that EXPECT_DEATH and ASSERT_DEATH work when the error
 // message has a NUL character in it.
 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, EmbeddedNulInMessage) {
-  // TODO(wan@google.com): <regex.h> doesn't support matching strings
-  // with embedded NUL characters - find a way to workaround it.
   EXPECT_DEATH(DieWithEmbeddedNul(), "my null world");
   ASSERT_DEATH(DieWithEmbeddedNul(), "my null world");
 }
+
 # endif  // GTEST_USES_PCRE
 
 // Tests that death test macros expand to code which interacts well with switch
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest-filepath_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest-filepath_test.cc
index da729869..29cea3d1 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest-filepath_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest-filepath_test.cc
@@ -27,28 +27,18 @@
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 //
-// Authors: keith.ray@gmail.com (Keith Ray)
 //
 // Google Test filepath utilities
 //
 // This file tests classes and functions used internally by
 // Google Test.  They are subject to change without notice.
 //
-// This file is #included from gtest_unittest.cc, to avoid changing
-// build or make-files for some existing Google Test clients. Do not
-// #include this file anywhere else!
+// This file is #included from gtest-internal.h.
+// Do not #include this file anywhere else!
 
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
-
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// his code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 #if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
 # include <windows.h>  // NOLINT
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest-options_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest-options_test.cc
index 5586dc3b..25c9f394 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest-options_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest-options_test.cc
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 //
-// Authors: keith.ray@gmail.com (Keith Ray)
 //
 // Google Test UnitTestOptions tests
 //
@@ -46,14 +45,7 @@
 # include <direct.h>
 #endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
 
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// his code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 namespace testing {
 namespace internal {
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest-param-test2_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest-param-test2_test.cc
index 4a782fe7..0c09b27e 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest-param-test2_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest-param-test2_test.cc
@@ -36,8 +36,6 @@
 
 #include "test/gtest-param-test_test.h"
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
-
 using ::testing::Values;
 using ::testing::internal::ParamGenerator;
 
@@ -62,4 +60,3 @@ INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(Sequence2,
                         InstantiationInMultipleTranslaionUnitsTest,
                         Values(42*3, 42*4, 42*5));
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest-param-test_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest-param-test_test.cc
index 857f6c5e..b0aa4f9b 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest-param-test_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest-param-test_test.cc
@@ -35,19 +35,13 @@
 
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
-
 # include <algorithm>
 # include <iostream>
 # include <list>
 # include <sstream>
 # include <string>
 # include <vector>
-
-// To include gtest-internal-inl.h.
-# define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 # include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"  // for UnitTestOptions
-# undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 # include "test/gtest-param-test_test.h"
 
@@ -857,8 +851,8 @@ TEST_P(CustomLambdaNamingTest, CustomTestNames) {}
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(CustomParamNameLambda,
                         CustomLambdaNamingTest,
                         Values(std::string("LambdaName")),
-                        [](const ::testing::TestParamInfo<std::string>& info) {
-                          return info.param;
+                        [](const ::testing::TestParamInfo<std::string>& tpinfo) {
+                          return tpinfo.param;
                         });
 
 #endif  // GTEST_LANG_CXX11
@@ -1025,31 +1019,19 @@ TEST_F(ParameterizedDeathTest, GetParamDiesFromTestF) {
 
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(RangeZeroToFive, ParameterizedDerivedTest, Range(0, 5));
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
-
-TEST(CompileTest, CombineIsDefinedOnlyWhenGtestHasParamTestIsDefined) {
-#if GTEST_HAS_COMBINE && !GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
-  FAIL() << "GTEST_HAS_COMBINE is defined while GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST is not\n"
-#endif
-}
-
 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
   // Used in TestGenerationTest test case.
   AddGlobalTestEnvironment(TestGenerationTest::Environment::Instance());
   // Used in GeneratorEvaluationTest test case. Tests that the updated value
   // will be picked up for instantiating tests in GeneratorEvaluationTest.
   GeneratorEvaluationTest::set_param_value(1);
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 
   ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
   // Used in GeneratorEvaluationTest test case. Tests that value updated
   // here will NOT be used for instantiating tests in
   // GeneratorEvaluationTest.
   GeneratorEvaluationTest::set_param_value(2);
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 
   return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
 }
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest-param-test_test.h b/googletest/test/gtest-param-test_test.h
index 26ea122b..249c089d 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest-param-test_test.h
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest-param-test_test.h
@@ -39,8 +39,6 @@
 
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
-
 // Test fixture for testing definition and instantiation of a test
 // in separate translation units.
 class ExternalInstantiationTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<int> {
@@ -52,6 +50,4 @@ class InstantiationInMultipleTranslaionUnitsTest
     : public ::testing::TestWithParam<int> {
 };
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
-
 #endif  // GTEST_TEST_GTEST_PARAM_TEST_TEST_H_
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest-port_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest-port_test.cc
index 1d25ee6b..4ed4afca 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest-port_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest-port_test.cc
@@ -45,15 +45,7 @@
 
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest-spi.h"
-
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// his code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 using std::make_pair;
 using std::pair;
@@ -75,8 +67,8 @@ TEST(IsXDigitTest, WorksForNarrowAscii) {
 }
 
 TEST(IsXDigitTest, ReturnsFalseForNarrowNonAscii) {
-  EXPECT_FALSE(IsXDigit('\x80'));
-  EXPECT_FALSE(IsXDigit(static_cast<char>('0' | '\x80')));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsXDigit(static_cast<char>(0x80)));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsXDigit(static_cast<char>('0' | 0x80)));
 }
 
 TEST(IsXDigitTest, WorksForWideAscii) {
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest-printers_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest-printers_test.cc
index 487d3cb3..2a6c017e 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest-printers_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest-printers_test.cc
@@ -51,10 +51,15 @@
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 
 // hash_map and hash_set are available under Visual C++, or on Linux.
-#if GTEST_HAS_HASH_MAP_
+#if GTEST_HAS_UNORDERED_MAP_
+# include <unordered_map>       // NOLINT
+#elif GTEST_HAS_HASH_MAP_
 # include <hash_map>            // NOLINT
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_HASH_MAP_
-#if GTEST_HAS_HASH_SET_
+
+#if GTEST_HAS_UNORDERED_SET_
+# include <unordered_set>       // NOLINT
+#elif GTEST_HAS_HASH_SET_
 # include <hash_set>            // NOLINT
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_HASH_SET_
 
@@ -239,21 +244,47 @@ using ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings;
 #endif
 using ::testing::internal::string;
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_HASH_MAP_
 // The hash_* classes are not part of the C++ standard.  STLport
 // defines them in namespace std.  MSVC defines them in ::stdext.  GCC
 // defines them in ::.
+#if GTEST_HAS_UNORDERED_MAP_
+
+#define GTEST_HAS_HASH_MAP_ 1
+template<class Key, class T>
+using hash_map = ::std::unordered_map<Key, T>;
+template<class Key, class T>
+using hash_multimap = ::std::unordered_multimap<Key, T>;
+
+#elif GTEST_HAS_HASH_MAP_
+
 #ifdef _STLP_HASH_MAP  // We got <hash_map> from STLport.
 using ::std::hash_map;
-using ::std::hash_set;
 using ::std::hash_multimap;
-using ::std::hash_multiset;
 #elif _MSC_VER
 using ::stdext::hash_map;
-using ::stdext::hash_set;
 using ::stdext::hash_multimap;
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+#if GTEST_HAS_UNORDERED_SET_
+
+#define GTEST_HAS_HASH_SET_ 1
+template<class Key>
+using hash_set = ::std::unordered_set<Key>;
+template<class Key>
+using hash_multiset = ::std::unordered_multiset<Key>;
+
+#elif GTEST_HAS_HASH_SET_
+
+#ifdef _STLP_HASH_MAP  // We got <hash_map> from STLport.
+using ::std::hash_set;
+using ::std::hash_multiset;
+#elif _MSC_VER
+using ::stdext::hash_set;
 using ::stdext::hash_multiset;
 #endif
+
 #endif
 
 // Prints a value to a string using the universal value printer.  This
@@ -1061,8 +1092,8 @@ TEST(PrintTr1TupleTest, VariousSizes) {
   ::std::tr1::tuple<bool, char, short, testing::internal::Int32,  // NOLINT
                     testing::internal::Int64, float, double, const char*, void*,
                     std::string>
-      t10(false, 'a', 3, 4, 5, 1.5F, -2.5, str, ImplicitCast_<void*>(NULL),
-          "10");
+      t10(false, 'a', static_cast<short>(3), 4, 5, 1.5F, -2.5, str, 
+          ImplicitCast_<void*>(NULL), "10");
   EXPECT_EQ("(false, 'a' (97, 0x61), 3, 4, 5, 1.5, -2.5, " + PrintPointer(str) +
             " pointing to \"8\", NULL, \"10\")",
             Print(t10));
@@ -1121,8 +1152,8 @@ TEST(PrintStdTupleTest, VariousSizes) {
   ::std::tuple<bool, char, short, testing::internal::Int32,  // NOLINT
                testing::internal::Int64, float, double, const char*, void*,
                std::string>
-      t10(false, 'a', 3, 4, 5, 1.5F, -2.5, str, ImplicitCast_<void*>(NULL),
-          "10");
+      t10(false, 'a', static_cast<short>(3), 4, 5, 1.5F, -2.5, str,
+          ImplicitCast_<void*>(NULL), "10");
   EXPECT_EQ("(false, 'a' (97, 0x61), 3, 4, 5, 1.5, -2.5, " + PrintPointer(str) +
             " pointing to \"8\", NULL, \"10\")",
             Print(t10));
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_break_on_failure_unittest_.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_break_on_failure_unittest_.cc
index dd07478c..1231ec28 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_break_on_failure_unittest_.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_break_on_failure_unittest_.cc
@@ -80,8 +80,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
   SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(ExitWithExceptionCode);
 
 # endif
-#endif
-
+#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
   testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
 
   return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_catch_exceptions_test_.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_catch_exceptions_test_.cc
index b42637ec..c6d953c0 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_catch_exceptions_test_.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_catch_exceptions_test_.cc
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ TEST_F(CxxExceptionInConstructorTest, ThrowsExceptionInConstructor) {
 }
 
 // Exceptions in destructors are not supported in C++11.
-#if !defined(__GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__) &&  __cplusplus < 201103L && _MSC_VER < 1900
+#if !GTEST_LANG_CXX11
 class CxxExceptionInDestructorTest : public Test {
  public:
   static void TearDownTestCase() {
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_color_test_.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_color_test_.cc
index f61ebb89..f9a21e2d 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_color_test_.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_color_test_.cc
@@ -36,15 +36,7 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
-
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// his code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 using testing::internal::ShouldUseColor;
 
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_env_var_test_.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_env_var_test_.cc
index 539afc96..ed623722 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_env_var_test_.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_env_var_test_.cc
@@ -35,10 +35,7 @@
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 
 #include <iostream>
-
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 using ::std::cout;
 
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_environment_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_environment_test.cc
index 3cff19e7..1d6dc12b 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_environment_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_environment_test.cc
@@ -34,10 +34,7 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
-
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1  // Required for the next #include.
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 namespace testing {
 GTEST_DECLARE_string_(filter);
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_filter_unittest_.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_filter_unittest_.cc
index 77deffc3..e74a7a38 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_filter_unittest_.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_filter_unittest_.cc
@@ -117,7 +117,6 @@ TEST(DISABLED_FoobarbazTest, TestA) {
   FAIL() << "Expected failure.";
 }
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 class ParamTest : public testing::TestWithParam<int> {
 };
 
@@ -129,7 +128,6 @@ TEST_P(ParamTest, TestY) {
 
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(SeqP, ParamTest, testing::Values(1, 2));
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(SeqQ, ParamTest, testing::Values(5, 6));
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 
 }  // namespace
 
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_output_test_.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_output_test_.cc
index 1070a9f2..6aaba977 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_output_test_.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_output_test_.cc
@@ -37,15 +37,7 @@
 
 #include "gtest/gtest-spi.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
-
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// his code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
@@ -757,8 +749,6 @@ TEST(ExpectFatalFailureTest, FailsWhenStatementThrows) {
 
 // This #ifdef block tests the output of value-parameterized tests.
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
-
 std::string ParamNameFunc(const testing::TestParamInfo<std::string>& info) {
   return info.param;
 }
@@ -779,8 +769,6 @@ INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(PrintingStrings,
                         testing::Values(std::string("a")),
                         ParamNameFunc);
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
-
 // This #ifdef block tests the output of typed tests.
 #if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
 
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_output_test_golden_lin.txt b/googletest/test/gtest_output_test_golden_lin.txt
index 2223d560..677d9f40 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_output_test_golden_lin.txt
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_output_test_golden_lin.txt
@@ -5,8 +5,9 @@ Value of: false
   Actual: false
 Expected: true
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
-      Expected: 2
-To be equal to: 3
+Expected equality of these values:
+  2
+  3
 [==========] Running 66 tests from 29 test cases.
 [----------] Global test environment set-up.
 FooEnvironment::SetUp() called.
@@ -34,21 +35,24 @@ BarEnvironment::SetUp() called.
 [----------] 2 tests from NonfatalFailureTest
 [ RUN      ] NonfatalFailureTest.EscapesStringOperands
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
-      Expected: kGoldenString
-      Which is: "\"Line"
-To be equal to: actual
-      Which is: "actual \"string\""
-gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
-      Expected: golden
-      Which is: "\"Line"
-To be equal to: actual
-      Which is: "actual \"string\""
+Expected equality of these values:
+  kGoldenString
+    Which is: "\"Line"
+  actual
+    Which is: "actual \"string\""
+gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
+Expected equality of these values:
+  golden
+    Which is: "\"Line"
+  actual
+    Which is: "actual \"string\""
 [  FAILED  ] NonfatalFailureTest.EscapesStringOperands
 [ RUN      ] NonfatalFailureTest.DiffForLongStrings
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
-      Expected: golden_str
-      Which is: "\"Line\0 1\"\nLine 2"
-To be equal to: "Line 2"
+Expected equality of these values:
+  golden_str
+    Which is: "\"Line\0 1\"\nLine 2"
+  "Line 2"
 With diff:
 @@ -1,2 @@
 -\"Line\0 1\"
@@ -59,16 +63,18 @@ With diff:
 [ RUN      ] FatalFailureTest.FatalFailureInSubroutine
 (expecting a failure that x should be 1)
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
-      Expected: 1
-To be equal to: x
-      Which is: 2
+Expected equality of these values:
+  1
+  x
+    Which is: 2
 [  FAILED  ] FatalFailureTest.FatalFailureInSubroutine
 [ RUN      ] FatalFailureTest.FatalFailureInNestedSubroutine
 (expecting a failure that x should be 1)
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
-      Expected: 1
-To be equal to: x
-      Which is: 2
+Expected equality of these values:
+  1
+  x
+    Which is: 2
 [  FAILED  ] FatalFailureTest.FatalFailureInNestedSubroutine
 [ RUN      ] FatalFailureTest.NonfatalFailureInSubroutine
 (expecting a failure on false)
@@ -107,39 +113,44 @@ This failure is expected, and shouldn't have a trace.
 [ RUN      ] SCOPED_TRACETest.WorksInLoop
 (expected to fail)
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
-      Expected: 2
-To be equal to: n
-      Which is: 1
+Expected equality of these values:
+  2
+  n
+    Which is: 1
 Google Test trace:
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: i = 1
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
-      Expected: 1
-To be equal to: n
-      Which is: 2
+Expected equality of these values:
+  1
+  n
+    Which is: 2
 Google Test trace:
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: i = 2
 [  FAILED  ] SCOPED_TRACETest.WorksInLoop
 [ RUN      ] SCOPED_TRACETest.WorksInSubroutine
 (expected to fail)
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
-      Expected: 2
-To be equal to: n
-      Which is: 1
+Expected equality of these values:
+  2
+  n
+    Which is: 1
 Google Test trace:
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: n = 1
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
-      Expected: 1
-To be equal to: n
-      Which is: 2
+Expected equality of these values:
+  1
+  n
+    Which is: 2
 Google Test trace:
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: n = 2
 [  FAILED  ] SCOPED_TRACETest.WorksInSubroutine
 [ RUN      ] SCOPED_TRACETest.CanBeNested
 (expected to fail)
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
-      Expected: 1
-To be equal to: n
-      Which is: 2
+Expected equality of these values:
+  1
+  n
+    Which is: 2
 Google Test trace:
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: n = 2
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: 
@@ -437,9 +448,10 @@ Expected: 1 fatal failure
 [       OK ] TypedTest/0.Success
 [ RUN      ] TypedTest/0.Failure
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
-      Expected: 1
-To be equal to: TypeParam()
-      Which is: 0
+Expected equality of these values:
+  1
+  TypeParam()
+    Which is: 0
 Expected failure
 [  FAILED  ] TypedTest/0.Failure, where TypeParam = int
 [----------] 2 tests from Unsigned/TypedTestP/0, where TypeParam = unsigned char
@@ -447,10 +459,11 @@ Expected failure
 [       OK ] Unsigned/TypedTestP/0.Success
 [ RUN      ] Unsigned/TypedTestP/0.Failure
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
-      Expected: 1U
-      Which is: 1
-To be equal to: TypeParam()
-      Which is: '\0'
+Expected equality of these values:
+  1U
+    Which is: 1
+  TypeParam()
+    Which is: '\0'
 Expected failure
 [  FAILED  ] Unsigned/TypedTestP/0.Failure, where TypeParam = unsigned char
 [----------] 2 tests from Unsigned/TypedTestP/1, where TypeParam = unsigned int
@@ -458,10 +471,11 @@ Expected failure
 [       OK ] Unsigned/TypedTestP/1.Success
 [ RUN      ] Unsigned/TypedTestP/1.Failure
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
-      Expected: 1U
-      Which is: 1
-To be equal to: TypeParam()
-      Which is: 0
+Expected equality of these values:
+  1U
+    Which is: 1
+  TypeParam()
+    Which is: 0
 Expected failure
 [  FAILED  ] Unsigned/TypedTestP/1.Failure, where TypeParam = unsigned int
 [----------] 4 tests from ExpectFailureTest
@@ -597,18 +611,20 @@ Expected non-fatal failure.
 [----------] 1 test from PrintingFailingParams/FailingParamTest
 [ RUN      ] PrintingFailingParams/FailingParamTest.Fails/0
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
-      Expected: 1
-To be equal to: GetParam()
-      Which is: 2
+Expected equality of these values:
+  1
+  GetParam()
+    Which is: 2
 [  FAILED  ] PrintingFailingParams/FailingParamTest.Fails/0, where GetParam() = 2
 [----------] 2 tests from PrintingStrings/ParamTest
 [ RUN      ] PrintingStrings/ParamTest.Success/a
 [       OK ] PrintingStrings/ParamTest.Success/a
 [ RUN      ] PrintingStrings/ParamTest.Failure/a
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
-      Expected: "b"
-To be equal to: GetParam()
-      Which is: "a"
+Expected equality of these values:
+  "b"
+  GetParam()
+    Which is: "a"
 Expected failure
 [  FAILED  ] PrintingStrings/ParamTest.Failure/a, where GetParam() = "a"
 [----------] Global test environment tear-down
@@ -678,16 +694,18 @@ Expected fatal failure.
 [ RUN      ] FatalFailureTest.FatalFailureInSubroutine
 (expecting a failure that x should be 1)
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
-      Expected: 1
-To be equal to: x
-      Which is: 2
+Expected equality of these values:
+  1
+  x
+    Which is: 2
 [  FAILED  ] FatalFailureTest.FatalFailureInSubroutine (? ms)
 [ RUN      ] FatalFailureTest.FatalFailureInNestedSubroutine
 (expecting a failure that x should be 1)
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
-      Expected: 1
-To be equal to: x
-      Which is: 2
+Expected equality of these values:
+  1
+  x
+    Which is: 2
 [  FAILED  ] FatalFailureTest.FatalFailureInNestedSubroutine (? ms)
 [ RUN      ] FatalFailureTest.NonfatalFailureInSubroutine
 (expecting a failure on false)
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_repeat_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_repeat_test.cc
index 481012ad..b9e65e4c 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_repeat_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_repeat_test.cc
@@ -34,15 +34,7 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <iostream>
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
-
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// his code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 namespace testing {
 
@@ -119,7 +111,6 @@ TEST(BarDeathTest, ThreadSafeAndFast) {
   EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(::testing::internal::posix::Abort(), "");
 }
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 int g_param_test_count = 0;
 
 const int kNumberOfParamTests = 10;
@@ -135,7 +126,6 @@ TEST_P(MyParamTest, ShouldPass) {
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(MyParamSequence,
                         MyParamTest,
                         testing::Range(0, kNumberOfParamTests));
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 
 // Resets the count for each test.
 void ResetCounts() {
@@ -144,9 +134,7 @@ void ResetCounts() {
   g_should_fail_count = 0;
   g_should_pass_count = 0;
   g_death_test_count = 0;
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
   g_param_test_count = 0;
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 }
 
 // Checks that the count for each test is expected.
@@ -156,9 +144,7 @@ void CheckCounts(int expected) {
   GTEST_CHECK_INT_EQ_(expected, g_should_fail_count);
   GTEST_CHECK_INT_EQ_(expected, g_should_pass_count);
   GTEST_CHECK_INT_EQ_(expected, g_death_test_count);
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
   GTEST_CHECK_INT_EQ_(expected * kNumberOfParamTests, g_param_test_count);
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 }
 
 // Tests the behavior of Google Test when --gtest_repeat is not specified.
@@ -201,9 +187,7 @@ void TestRepeatWithFilterForSuccessfulTests(int repeat) {
   GTEST_CHECK_INT_EQ_(0, g_should_fail_count);
   GTEST_CHECK_INT_EQ_(repeat, g_should_pass_count);
   GTEST_CHECK_INT_EQ_(repeat, g_death_test_count);
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
   GTEST_CHECK_INT_EQ_(repeat * kNumberOfParamTests, g_param_test_count);
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 }
 
 // Tests using --gtest_repeat when --gtest_filter specifies a set of
@@ -219,15 +203,14 @@ void TestRepeatWithFilterForFailedTests(int repeat) {
   GTEST_CHECK_INT_EQ_(repeat, g_should_fail_count);
   GTEST_CHECK_INT_EQ_(0, g_should_pass_count);
   GTEST_CHECK_INT_EQ_(0, g_death_test_count);
-#if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
   GTEST_CHECK_INT_EQ_(0, g_param_test_count);
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 }
 
 }  // namespace
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
   testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+
   testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(new MyEnvironment);
 
   TestRepeatUnspecified();
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_stress_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_stress_test.cc
index e7daa430..cac405f8 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_stress_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_stress_test.cc
@@ -34,15 +34,9 @@
 
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 
-#include <iostream>
 #include <vector>
 
-// We must define this macro in order to #include
-// gtest-internal-inl.h.  This is how Google Test prevents a user from
-// accidentally depending on its internal implementation.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 #if GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE
 
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_unittest.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_unittest.cc
index f84def90..53945622 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_unittest.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_unittest.cc
@@ -66,15 +66,7 @@ TEST(CommandLineFlagsTest, CanBeAccessedInCodeOnceGTestHIsIncluded) {
 #include <ostream>
 
 #include "gtest/gtest-spi.h"
-
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// his code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 namespace testing {
 namespace internal {
@@ -2096,7 +2088,7 @@ class UnitTestRecordPropertyTestEnvironment : public Environment {
 };
 
 // This will test property recording outside of any test or test case.
-static Environment* record_property_env =
+Environment* record_property_env GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_ =
     AddGlobalTestEnvironment(new UnitTestRecordPropertyTestEnvironment);
 
 // This group of tests is for predicate assertions (ASSERT_PRED*, etc)
@@ -2429,8 +2421,9 @@ TEST(StringAssertionTest, ASSERT_STREQ) {
   const char p2[] = "good";
   ASSERT_STREQ(p1, p2);
 
-  EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(ASSERT_STREQ("bad", "good"),
-                       "Expected: \"bad\"");
+  EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(
+      ASSERT_STREQ("bad", "good"),
+      "Expected equality of these values:\n  \"bad\"\n  \"good\"");
 }
 
 // Tests ASSERT_STREQ with NULL arguments.
@@ -3528,35 +3521,39 @@ TEST(AssertionTest, EqFailure) {
       EqFailure("foo", "bar", foo_val, bar_val, false)
       .failure_message());
   EXPECT_STREQ(
-      "      Expected: foo\n"
-      "      Which is: 5\n"
-      "To be equal to: bar\n"
-      "      Which is: 6",
+      "Expected equality of these values:\n"
+      "  foo\n"
+      "    Which is: 5\n"
+      "  bar\n"
+      "    Which is: 6",
       msg1.c_str());
 
   const std::string msg2(
       EqFailure("foo", "6", foo_val, bar_val, false)
       .failure_message());
   EXPECT_STREQ(
-      "      Expected: foo\n"
-      "      Which is: 5\n"
-      "To be equal to: 6",
+      "Expected equality of these values:\n"
+      "  foo\n"
+      "    Which is: 5\n"
+      "  6",
       msg2.c_str());
 
   const std::string msg3(
       EqFailure("5", "bar", foo_val, bar_val, false)
       .failure_message());
   EXPECT_STREQ(
-      "      Expected: 5\n"
-      "To be equal to: bar\n"
-      "      Which is: 6",
+      "Expected equality of these values:\n"
+      "  5\n"
+      "  bar\n"
+      "    Which is: 6",
       msg3.c_str());
 
   const std::string msg4(
       EqFailure("5", "6", foo_val, bar_val, false).failure_message());
   EXPECT_STREQ(
-      "      Expected: 5\n"
-      "To be equal to: 6",
+      "Expected equality of these values:\n"
+      "  5\n"
+      "  6",
       msg4.c_str());
 
   const std::string msg5(
@@ -3564,10 +3561,11 @@ TEST(AssertionTest, EqFailure) {
                 std::string("\"x\""), std::string("\"y\""),
                 true).failure_message());
   EXPECT_STREQ(
-      "      Expected: foo\n"
-      "      Which is: \"x\"\n"
-      "To be equal to: bar\n"
-      "      Which is: \"y\"\n"
+      "Expected equality of these values:\n"
+      "  foo\n"
+      "    Which is: \"x\"\n"
+      "  bar\n"
+      "    Which is: \"y\"\n"
       "Ignoring case",
       msg5.c_str());
 }
@@ -3580,11 +3578,12 @@ TEST(AssertionTest, EqFailureWithDiff) {
   const std::string msg1(
       EqFailure("left", "right", left, right, false).failure_message());
   EXPECT_STREQ(
-      "      Expected: left\n"
-      "      Which is: "
+      "Expected equality of these values:\n"
+      "  left\n"
+      "    Which is: "
       "1\\n2XXX\\n3\\n5\\n6\\n7\\n8\\n9\\n10\\n11\\n12XXX\\n13\\n14\\n15\n"
-      "To be equal to: right\n"
-      "      Which is: 1\\n2\\n3\\n4\\n5\\n6\\n7\\n8\\n9\\n11\\n12\\n13\\n14\n"
+      "  right\n"
+      "    Which is: 1\\n2\\n3\\n4\\n5\\n6\\n7\\n8\\n9\\n11\\n12\\n13\\n14\n"
       "With diff:\n@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@\n 1\n-2XXX\n+2\n 3\n+4\n 5\n 6\n"
       "@@ -7,8 +8,6 @@\n 8\n 9\n-10\n 11\n-12XXX\n+12\n 13\n 14\n-15\n",
       msg1.c_str());
@@ -3679,9 +3678,10 @@ TEST(ExpectTest, ASSERT_EQ_Double) {
 TEST(AssertionTest, ASSERT_EQ) {
   ASSERT_EQ(5, 2 + 3);
   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(ASSERT_EQ(5, 2*3),
-                       "      Expected: 5\n"
-                       "To be equal to: 2*3\n"
-                       "      Which is: 6");
+                       "Expected equality of these values:\n"
+                       "  5\n"
+                       "  2*3\n"
+                       "    Which is: 6");
 }
 
 // Tests ASSERT_EQ(NULL, pointer).
@@ -3698,7 +3698,7 @@ TEST(AssertionTest, ASSERT_EQ_NULL) {
   // A failure.
   static int n = 0;
   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(ASSERT_EQ(NULL, &n),
-                       "To be equal to: &n\n");
+                       "  &n\n    Which is:");
 }
 #endif  // GTEST_CAN_COMPARE_NULL
 
@@ -3714,7 +3714,7 @@ TEST(ExpectTest, ASSERT_EQ_0) {
 
   // A failure.
   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(ASSERT_EQ(0, 5.6),
-                       "Expected: 0");
+                       "  0\n  5.6");
 }
 
 // Tests ASSERT_NE.
@@ -3813,7 +3813,7 @@ void TestEq1(int x) {
 // Tests calling a test subroutine that's not part of a fixture.
 TEST(AssertionTest, NonFixtureSubroutine) {
   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(TestEq1(2),
-                       "To be equal to: x");
+                       "Which is: 2");
 }
 
 // An uncopyable class.
@@ -3862,7 +3862,8 @@ TEST(AssertionTest, AssertWorksWithUncopyableObject) {
   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(TestAssertNonPositive(),
     "IsPositiveUncopyable(y) evaluates to false, where\ny evaluates to -1");
   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(TestAssertEqualsUncopyable(),
-    "Expected: x\n      Which is: 5\nTo be equal to: y\n      Which is: -1");
+                       "Expected equality of these values:\n"
+                       "  x\n    Which is: 5\n  y\n    Which is: -1");
 }
 
 // Tests that uncopyable objects can be used in expects.
@@ -3874,7 +3875,8 @@ TEST(AssertionTest, ExpectWorksWithUncopyableObject) {
     "IsPositiveUncopyable(y) evaluates to false, where\ny evaluates to -1");
   EXPECT_EQ(x, x);
   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_EQ(x, y),
-    "Expected: x\n      Which is: 5\nTo be equal to: y\n      Which is: -1");
+                          "Expected equality of these values:\n"
+                          "  x\n    Which is: 5\n  y\n    Which is: -1");
 }
 
 enum NamedEnum {
@@ -3950,7 +3952,7 @@ TEST(AssertionTest, AnonymousEnum) {
 
   // ICE's in C++Builder.
   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(ASSERT_EQ(kCaseA, kCaseB),
-                       "To be equal to: kCaseB");
+                       "kCaseB");
   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(ASSERT_EQ(kCaseA, kCaseC),
                        "Which is: 42");
 # endif
@@ -4390,9 +4392,10 @@ TEST(ExpectTest, ExpectFalseWithAssertionResult) {
 TEST(ExpectTest, EXPECT_EQ) {
   EXPECT_EQ(5, 2 + 3);
   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_EQ(5, 2*3),
-                          "      Expected: 5\n"
-                          "To be equal to: 2*3\n"
-                          "      Which is: 6");
+                          "Expected equality of these values:\n"
+                          "  5\n"
+                          "  2*3\n"
+                          "    Which is: 6");
   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_EQ(5, 2 - 3),
                           "2 - 3");
 }
@@ -4423,7 +4426,7 @@ TEST(ExpectTest, EXPECT_EQ_NULL) {
   // A failure.
   int n = 0;
   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_EQ(NULL, &n),
-                          "To be equal to: &n\n");
+                          "&n\n");
 }
 #endif  // GTEST_CAN_COMPARE_NULL
 
@@ -4439,7 +4442,7 @@ TEST(ExpectTest, EXPECT_EQ_0) {
 
   // A failure.
   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_EQ(0, 5.6),
-                          "Expected: 0");
+                          "Expected equality of these values:\n  0\n  5.6");
 }
 
 // Tests EXPECT_NE.
@@ -4539,7 +4542,7 @@ TEST(ExpectTest, EXPECT_ANY_THROW) {
 TEST(ExpectTest, ExpectPrecedence) {
   EXPECT_EQ(1 < 2, true);
   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_EQ(true, true && false),
-                          "To be equal to: true && false");
+                          "true && false");
 }
 
 
@@ -4686,7 +4689,7 @@ TEST(EqAssertionTest, Bool) {
   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE({
       bool false_value = false;
       ASSERT_EQ(false_value, true);
-    }, "To be equal to: true");
+    }, "Which is: false");
 }
 
 // Tests using int values in {EXPECT|ASSERT}_EQ.
@@ -4720,10 +4723,11 @@ TEST(EqAssertionTest, WideChar) {
   EXPECT_EQ(L'b', L'b');
 
   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_EQ(L'\0', L'x'),
-                          "      Expected: L'\0'\n"
-                          "      Which is: L'\0' (0, 0x0)\n"
-                          "To be equal to: L'x'\n"
-                          "      Which is: L'x' (120, 0x78)");
+                          "Expected equality of these values:\n"
+                          "  L'\0'\n"
+                          "    Which is: L'\0' (0, 0x0)\n"
+                          "  L'x'\n"
+                          "    Which is: L'x' (120, 0x78)");
 
   static wchar_t wchar;
   wchar = L'b';
@@ -4731,7 +4735,7 @@ TEST(EqAssertionTest, WideChar) {
                           "wchar");
   wchar = 0x8119;
   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<wchar_t>(0x8120), wchar),
-                       "To be equal to: wchar");
+                       "wchar");
 }
 
 // Tests using ::std::string values in {EXPECT|ASSERT}_EQ.
@@ -4760,8 +4764,8 @@ TEST(EqAssertionTest, StdString) {
   static ::std::string str3(str1);
   str3.at(2) = '\0';
   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(ASSERT_EQ(str1, str3),
-                       "To be equal to: str3\n"
-                       "      Which is: \"A \\0 in the middle\"");
+                       "  str3\n"
+                       "    Which is: \"A \\0 in the middle\"");
 }
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
@@ -4881,7 +4885,7 @@ TEST(EqAssertionTest, CharPointer) {
   ASSERT_EQ(p1, p1);
 
   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_EQ(p0, p2),
-                          "To be equal to: p2");
+                          "p2");
   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_EQ(p1, p2),
                           "p2");
   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(ASSERT_EQ(reinterpret_cast<char*>(0x1234),
@@ -4903,7 +4907,7 @@ TEST(EqAssertionTest, WideCharPointer) {
   EXPECT_EQ(p0, p0);
 
   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_EQ(p0, p2),
-                          "To be equal to: p2");
+                          "p2");
   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_EQ(p1, p2),
                           "p2");
   void* pv3 = (void*)0x1234;  // NOLINT
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_outfile1_test_.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_outfile1_test_.cc
index 531ced49..e3d1dd1e 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_outfile1_test_.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_outfile1_test_.cc
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 //
-// Author: keith.ray@gmail.com (Keith Ray)
 //
 // gtest_xml_outfile1_test_ writes some xml via TestProperty used by
 // gtest_xml_outfiles_test.py
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_outfile2_test_.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_outfile2_test_.cc
index 7b400b27..55eb8f39 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_outfile2_test_.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_outfile2_test_.cc
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 //
-// Author: keith.ray@gmail.com (Keith Ray)
 //
 // gtest_xml_outfile2_test_ writes some xml via TestProperty used by
 // gtest_xml_outfiles_test.py
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest.py b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest.py
index e940a5aa..9f92f982 100755
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest.py
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest.py
@@ -64,20 +64,23 @@ EXPECTED_NON_EMPTY_XML = """<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   </testsuite>
   <testsuite name="FailedTest" tests="1" failures="1" disabled="0" errors="0" time="*">
     <testcase name="Fails" status="run" time="*" classname="FailedTest">
-      <failure message="gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*&#x0A;      Expected: 1&#x0A;To be equal to: 2" type=""><![CDATA[gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*
-      Expected: 1
-To be equal to: 2%(stack)s]]></failure>
+      <failure message="gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*&#x0A;Expected equality of these values:&#x0A;  1&#x0A;  2" type=""><![CDATA[gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*
+Expected equality of these values:
+  1
+  2%(stack)s]]></failure>
     </testcase>
   </testsuite>
   <testsuite name="MixedResultTest" tests="3" failures="1" disabled="1" errors="0" time="*">
     <testcase name="Succeeds" status="run" time="*" classname="MixedResultTest"/>
     <testcase name="Fails" status="run" time="*" classname="MixedResultTest">
-      <failure message="gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*&#x0A;      Expected: 1&#x0A;To be equal to: 2" type=""><![CDATA[gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*
-      Expected: 1
-To be equal to: 2%(stack)s]]></failure>
-      <failure message="gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*&#x0A;      Expected: 2&#x0A;To be equal to: 3" type=""><![CDATA[gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*
-      Expected: 2
-To be equal to: 3%(stack)s]]></failure>
+      <failure message="gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*&#x0A;Expected equality of these values:&#x0A;  1&#x0A;  2" type=""><![CDATA[gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*
+Expected equality of these values:
+  1
+  2%(stack)s]]></failure>
+      <failure message="gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*&#x0A;Expected equality of these values:&#x0A;  2&#x0A;  3" type=""><![CDATA[gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*
+Expected equality of these values:
+  2
+  3%(stack)s]]></failure>
     </testcase>
     <testcase name="DISABLED_test" status="notrun" time="*" classname="MixedResultTest"/>
   </testsuite>
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc
index 48b8771b..2ee88380 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc
@@ -27,8 +27,6 @@
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-// Author: eefacm@gmail.com (Sean Mcafee)
-
 // Unit test for Google Test XML output.
 //
 // A user can specify XML output in a Google Test program to run via