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The WiFi settings are configured in the file \texttt{/etc/config/wireless}
(currently supported on Broadcom and Atheros). When booting the router for the first time
it should detect your card and create a sample configuration file. By default '\texttt{option network lan}' is
commented. This prevents unsecured sharing of the network over the wireless interface.
Each wireless driver has its own configuration script in \texttt{/lib/wifi/driver\_name.sh} which handles
driver specific options and configurations. This script is also calling driver specific binaries like wlc for
Broadcom, or hostapd and wpa\_supplicant for atheros.
The reason for using such architecture, is that it abstracts the driver configuration
\paragraph{Generic Broadcom wireless config:}
\begin{Verbatim}
config wifi-device "wl0"
option type "broadcom"
option channel "5"
config wifi-iface
option device "wl0"
# option network lan
option mode "ap"
option ssid "OpenWrt"
option hidden "0"
option encryption "none"
\end{Verbatim}
\paragraph{Generic Atheros wireless config:}
\begin{Verbatim}
config wifi-device "wifi0"
option type "atheros"
option channel "5"
option agmode "11g"
config wifi-iface
option device "wifi0"
# option network lan
option mode "ap"
option ssid "OpenWrt"
option hidden "0"
option encryption "none"
\end{Verbatim}
\paragraph{Generic multi-radio Atheros wireless config:}
\begin{Verbatim}
config wifi-device wifi0
option type atheros
option channel 1
config wifi-iface
option device wifi0
# option network lan
option mode ap
option ssid OpenWrt_private
option hidden 0
option encryption none
config wifi-device wifi1
option type atheros
option channel 11
config wifi-iface
option device wifi1
# option network lan
option mode ap
option ssid OpenWrt_public
option hidden 1
option encryption none
\end{Verbatim}
There are two types of config sections in this file. The '\texttt{wifi-device}' refers to
the physical wifi interface and '\texttt{wifi-iface}' configures a virtual interface on top
of that (if supported by the driver).
A full outline of the wireless configuration file with description of each field:
\begin{Verbatim}
config wifi-device wifi device name
option type broadcom, atheros
option country us, uk, fr, de, etc.
option channel 1-14
option maxassoc 1-128 (broadcom only)
option distance 1-n
option agmode 11b, 11g, 11a, 11bg (atheros only)
config wifi-iface
option network the interface you want wifi to bridge with
option device wifi0, wifi1, wifi2, wifiN
option mode ap, sta, adhoc, or wds
option ssid ssid name
option bssid bssid address
option encryption none, wep, psk, psk2, wpa, wpa2
option key encryption key
option key1 key 1
option key2 key 2
option key3 key 3
option key4 key 4
option server ip address
option port port
option hidden 0,1
option isolate 0,1
\end{Verbatim}
\paragraph{Options for the \texttt{wifi-device}:}
\begin{itemize}
\item \texttt{type} \\
The driver to use for this interface.
\item \texttt{country} \\
The country code used to determine the regulatory settings.
\item \texttt{channel} \\
The wifi channel (e.g. 1-14, depending on your country setting).
\item \texttt{maxassoc} \\
Optional: Maximum number of associated clients. This feature is supported only on the broadcom chipset.
\item \texttt{distance} \\
Optional: Distance between the ap and the furthest client in meters. This feature is supported only on the atheros chipset.
\item \texttt{mode} \\
The frequency band (\texttt{b}, \texttt{g}, \texttt{bg}, \texttt{a}). This feature is only supported on the atheros chipset.
\end{itemize}
\paragraph{Options for the \texttt{wifi-iface}:}
\begin{itemize}
\item \texttt{network} \\
Selects the interface section from \texttt{/etc/config/network} to be
used with this interface
\item \texttt{device} \\
Set the wifi device name.
\item \texttt{mode} \\
Operating mode:
\begin{itemize}
\item \texttt{ap} \\
Access point mode
\item \texttt{sta} \\
Client mode
\item \texttt{adhoc} \\
Ad-Hoc mode
\item \texttt{wds} \\
WDS point-to-point link
\end{itemize}
\item \texttt{ssid}
Set the SSID to be used on the wifi device.
\item \texttt{bssid}
Set the BSSID address to be used for wds to set the mac address of the other wds unit.
\item \texttt{encryption} \\
Encryption setting. Accepts the following values:
\begin{itemize}
\item \texttt{none}
\item \texttt{wep}
\item \texttt{psk}, \texttt{psk2} \\
WPA(2) Pre-shared Key
\item \texttt{wpa}, \texttt{wpa2} \\
WPA(2) RADIUS
\end{itemize}
\item \texttt{key, key1, key2, key3, key4} (wep, wpa and psk) \\
WEP key, WPA key (PSK mode) or the RADIUS shared secret (WPA RADIUS mode)
\item \texttt{server} (wpa) \\
The RADIUS server ip address
\item \texttt{port} (wpa) \\
The RADIUS server port
\item \texttt{hidden} \\
0 broadcasts the ssid; 1 disables broadcasting of the ssid
\item \texttt{isolate} \\
Optional: Isolation is a mode usually set on hotspots that limits the clients to communicate only with the AP and not with other wireless clients.
0 disables ap isolation (default); 1 enables ap isolation.
\end{itemize}
\paragraph{Limitations:}
There are certain limitations when combining modes.
Only the following mode combinations are supported:
\begin{itemize}
\item \textbf{Broadcom}: \\
\begin{itemize}
\item 1x \texttt{sta}, 0-3x \texttt{ap}
\item 1-4x \texttt{ap}
\item 1x \texttt{adhoc}
\end{itemize}
WDS links can only be used in pure AP mode and cannot use WEP (except when sharing the
settings with the master interface, which is done automatically).
\item \textbf{Atheros}: \\
\begin{itemize}
\item 1x \texttt{sta}, 0-4x \texttt{ap}
\item 1-4x \texttt{ap}
\item 1x \texttt{adhoc}
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\paragraph{Adding a new driver configuration}
Since we currently only support two different wireless drivers : Broadcom and Atheros,
you might be interested in adding support for another driver like Ralink RT2x00,
Texas Instruments ACX100/111.
The driver specific script should be placed in \texttt{/lib/wifi/<driver>.sh} and has to
include several functions providing :
\begin{itemize}
\item detection of the driver presence
\item enabling/disabling the wifi interface(s)
\item configuration reading and setting
\item third-party programs calling (nas, supplicant)
\end{itemize}
Each driver script should append the driver to a global DRIVERS variable :
\begin{verbatim}
append DRIVERS "driver name"
\end{verbatim}
\subparagraph{scan\_driver}
This function will parse the \texttt{/etc/config/wireless} and make sure there
are no configuration incompatibilities, like enabling hidden SSIDS with ad-hoc mode
for instance. This can be more complex if your driver supports a lof of configuration
options. It does not enable your wireless driver to work.
\subparagraph{enable\_driver}
This function will enable the driver and read the configuration file to create application
specific configuration files for the NAS or supplicant program. It will not check the
configuration consistency.
\subparagraph{disable\_driver}
This function should properly shutdown the wireless interfaces and kill associated programs
running on top of it.
\subparagraph{detec\_driver}
This function should reliably report the existence of the driver and of one or more of its
wireless interfaces. A basic configuration file has to be generated in the meantime.
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