# Keycodes Overview When defining a [keymap](keymap.md) each key needs a valid key definition. This page documents the symbols that correspond to keycodes that are available to you in QMK. This is a reference only. Each group of keys links to the page documenting their functionality in more detail. ## [Basic Keycodes](keycodes_basic.md) |Key |Aliases |Description | |-----------------------|------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------| |`KC_NO` |`XXXXXXX` |Ignore this key (NOOP) | |`KC_TRANSPARENT` |`KC_TRNS`, `_______` |Use the next lowest non-transparent key | |`KC_A` | |`a` and `A` | |`KC_B` | |`b` and `B` | |`KC_C` | |`c` and `C` | |`KC_D` | |`d` and `D` | |`KC_E` | |`e` and `E` | |`KC_F` | |`f` and `F` | |`KC_G` | |`g` and `G` | |`KC_H` | |`h` and `H` | |`KC_I` | |`i` and `I` | |`KC_J` | |`j` and `J` | |`KC_K` | |`k` and `K` | |`KC_L` | |`l` and `L` | |`KC_M` | |`m` and `M` | |`KC_N` | |`n` and `N` | |`KC_O` | |`o` and `O` | |`KC_P` | |`p` and `P` | |`KC_Q` | |`q` and `Q` | |`KC_R` | |`r` and `R` | |`KC_S` | |`s` and `S` | |`KC_T` | |`t` and `T` | |`KC_U` | |`u` and `U` | |`KC_V` | |`v` and `V` | |`KC_W` | |`w` and `W` | |`KC_X` | |`x` and `X` | |`KC_Y` | |`y` and `Y` | |`KC_Z` | |`z` and `Z` | |`KC_1` | |`1` and `!` | |`KC_2` | |`2` and `@` | |`KC_3` | |`3` and `#` | |`KC_4` | |

Random number generation
========================

When generating random data for use in cryptographic operations, such as an
initialization vector for encryption in
:class:`~cryptography.hazmat.primitives.ciphers.modes.CBC` mode, you do not
want to use the standard :mod:`random` module APIs. This is because they do not
provide a cryptographically secure random number generator, which can result in
major security issues depending on the algorithms in use.

Therefore, it is our recommendation to `always use your operating system's
provided random number generator`_, which is available as ``os.urandom()``. For
example, if you need 16 bytes of random data for an initialization vector, you
can obtain them with:

.. doctest::

    >>> import os
    >>> iv = os.urandom(16)

.. _`always use your operating system's provided random number generator`: http://sockpuppet.org/blog/2014/02/25/safely-generate-random-numbers/

` |`KC_P0` |Keypad `0` and Insert | |`KC_KP_DOT` |`KC_PDOT` |Keypad `.` and Delete | |`KC_NONUS_BSLASH` |`KC_NUBS` |Non-US `\` and | | |`KC_APPLICATION` |`KC_APP` |Application (Windows Menu Key) | |`KC_POWER` | |System Power (macOS) | |`KC_KP_EQUAL` |`KC_PEQL` |Keypad `=` | |`KC_F13` | |F13 | |`KC_F14` | |F14 | |`KC_F15` | |F15 | |`KC_F16` | |F16 | |`KC_F17` | |F17 | |`KC_F18` | |F18 | |`KC_F19` | |F19 | |`KC_F20` | |F20 | |`KC_F21` | |F21 | |`KC_F22` | |F22 | |`KC_F23` | |F23 | |`KC_F24` | |F24 | |`KC_EXECUTE` |`KC_EXEC` |Execute | |`KC_HELP` | |Help | |`KC_MENU` | |Menu | |`KC_SELECT` |`KC_SLCT` |Select | |`KC_STOP` | |Stop | |`KC_AGAIN` |`KC_AGIN` |Again | |`KC_UNDO` | |Undo | |`KC_CUT` | |Cut | |`KC_COPY` | |Copy | |`KC_PASTE` |`KC_PSTE` |Paste | |`KC_FIND` | |Find | |`KC__MUTE` | |Mute (macOS) | |`KC__VOLUP` | |Volume Up (macOS) | |`KC__VOLDOWN` | |Volume Down (macOS) | |`KC_LOCKING_CAPS` |`KC_LCAP` |Locking Caps Lock | |`KC_LOCKING_NUM` |`KC_LNUM` |Locking Num Lock | |`KC_LOCKING_SCROLL` |`KC_LSCR` |Locking Scroll Lock | |`KC_KP_COMMA` |`KC_PCMM` |Keypad `,` | |`KC_KP_EQUAL_AS400` | |Keypad `=` on AS/400 keyboards | |`KC_INT1` |`KC_RO` |JIS `\` and `_` | |`KC_INT2` |`KC_KANA` |JIS Katakana/Hiragana | |`KC_INT3` |`KC_JYEN` |JIS `¥` and | | |`KC_INT4` |`KC_HENK` |JIS Henkan | |`KC_INT5` |`KC_MHEN` |JIS Muhenkan | |`KC_INT6` | |JIS Numpad `,` | |`KC_INT7` | |International 7 | |`KC_INT8` | |International 8 | |`KC_INT9` | |International 9 | |`KC_LANG1` |`KC_HAEN` |Hangul/English | |`KC_LANG2` |`KC_HANJ` |Hanja | |`KC_LANG3` | |JIS Katakana | |`KC_LANG4` | |JIS Hiragana | |`KC_LANG5` | |JIS Zenkaku/Hankaku | |`KC_LANG6` | |Language 6 | |`KC_LANG7` | |Language 7 | |`KC_LANG8` | |Language 8 | |`KC_LANG9` | |Language 9 | |`KC_ALT_ERASE` |`KC_ERAS` |Alternate Erase | |`KC_SYSREQ` | |SysReq/Attention | |`KC_CANCEL` | |Cancel | |`KC_CLEAR` |`KC_CLR` |Clear | |`KC_PRIOR` | |Prior | |`KC_RETURN` | |Return | |`KC_SEPARATOR` | |Separator | |`KC_OUT` | |Out | |`KC_OPER` | |Oper | |`KC_CLEAR_AGAIN` | |Clear/Again | |`KC_CRSEL` | |CrSel/Props | |`KC_EXSEL` | |ExSel | |`KC_LCTRL` |`KC_LCTL` |Left Control | |`KC_LSHIFT` |`KC_LSFT` |Left Shift | |`KC_LALT` | |Left Alt | |`KC_LGUI` |`KC_LCMD`, `KC_LWIN` |Left GUI (Windows/Command/Meta key) | |`KC_RCTRL` |`KC_RCTL` |Right Control | |`KC_RSHIFT` |`KC_RSFT` |Right Shift | |`KC_RALT` |`KC_ALGR` |Right Alt (AltGr) | |`KC_RGUI` |`KC_RCMD`, `KC_RWIN` |Right GUI (Windows/Command/Meta key) | |`KC_SYSTEM_POWER` |`KC_PWR` |System Power Down | |`KC_SYSTEM_SLEEP` |`KC_SLEP` |System Sleep | |`KC_SYSTEM_WAKE` |`KC_WAKE` |System Wake | |`KC_AUDIO_MUTE` |`KC_MUTE` |Mute | |`KC_AUDIO_VOL_UP` |`KC_VOLU` |Volume Up | |`KC_AUDIO_VOL_DOWN` |`KC_VOLD` |Volume Down | |`KC_MEDIA_NEXT_TRACK` |`KC_MNXT` |Next Track (Windows) | |`KC_MEDIA_PREV_TRACK` |`KC_MPRV` |Previous Track (Windows) | |`KC_MEDIA_STOP` |`KC_MSTP` |Stop Track (Windows) | |`KC_MEDIA_PLAY_PAUSE` |`KC_MPLY` |Play/Pause Track | |`KC_MEDIA_SELECT` |`KC_MSEL` |Launch Media Player (Windows) | |`KC_MEDIA_EJECT` |`KC_EJCT` |Eject (macOS) | |`KC_MAIL` | |Launch Mail (Windows) | |`KC_CALCULATOR` |`KC_CALC` |Launch Calculator (Windows) | |`KC_MY_COMPUTER` |`KC_MYCM` |Launch My Computer (Windows) | |`KC_WWW_SEARCH` |`KC_WSCH` |Browser Search (Windows) | |`KC_WWW_HOME` |`KC_WHOM` |Browser Home (Windows) | |`KC_WWW_BACK` |`KC_WBAK` |Browser Back (Windows) | |`KC_WWW_FORWARD` |`KC_WFWD` |Browser Forward (Windows) | |`KC_WWW_STOP` |`KC_WSTP` |Browser Stop (Windows) | |`KC_WWW_REFRESH` |`KC_WREF` |Browser Refresh (Windows) | |`KC_WWW_FAVORITES` |`KC_WFAV` |Browser Favorites (Windows) | |`KC_MEDIA_FAST_FORWARD`|`KC_MFFD` |Next Track (macOS) | |`KC_MEDIA_REWIND` |`KC_MRWD` |Previous Track (macOS) | |`KC_BRIGHTNESS_UP` |`KC_BRIU` |Brightness Up | |`KC_BRIGHTNESS_DOWN` |`KC_BRID` |Brightness Down | ## [Quantum Keycodes](quantum_keycodes.md#qmk-keycodes) |Key |Aliases |Description | |---------------|-----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------| |`RESET` | |Put the keyboard into DFU mode for flashing | |`DEBUG` | |Toggle debug mode | |`EEPROM_RESET` |`EEP_RST` |Resets EEPROM state by reinitializing it | |`KC_GESC` |`GRAVE_ESC`|Escape when tapped, ` when pressed with Shift or GUI| |`KC_LSPO` | |Left Shift when held, `(` when tapped | |`KC_RSPC` | |Right Shift when held, `)` when tapped | |`KC_LEAD` | |The [Leader key](feature_leader_key.md) | |`KC_LOCK` | |The [Lock key](feature_key_lock.md) | |`FUNC(n)` |`F(n)` |Call `fn_action(n)` (deprecated) | |`M(n)` | |Call macro `n` | |`MACROTAP(n)` | |Macro-tap `n` idk FIXME | ## [Audio Keys](feature_audio.md) |Key |Aliases |Description | |----------------|---------|----------------------------------| |`AU_ON` | |Turns on Audio Feature | |`AU_OFF` | |Turns off Audio Feature | |`AU_TOG` | |Toggles Audio state | |`CLICKY_TOGGLE` |`CK_TOGG`|Toggles Audio clicky mode | |`CLICKY_UP` |`CK_UP` |Increases frequency of the clicks | |`CLICKY_DOWN` |`CK_DOWN`|Decreases frequency of the clicks | |`CLICKY_RESET` |`CK_RST` |Resets frequency to default | |`MU_ON` | |Turns on Music Mode | |`MU_OFF` | |Turns off Music Mode | |`MU_TOG` | |Toggles Music Mode | |`MU_MOD` | |Cycles through the music modes | ## [Backlighting](feature_backlight.md) |Key |Description | |---------|------------------------------------------| |`BL_TOGG`|Turn the backlight on or off | |`BL_STEP`|Cycle through backlight levels | |`BL_ON` |Set the backlight to max brightness | |`BL_OFF` |Turn the backlight off | |`BL_INC` |Increase the backlight level | |`BL_DEC` |Decrease the backlight level | |`BL_BRTG`|Toggle backlight breathing | ## [Bootmagic](feature_bootmagic.md) |Key |Aliases |Description | |----------------------------------|---------|------------------------------------| |`MAGIC_SWAP_CONTROL_CAPSLOCK` | |Swap Caps Lock and Left Control | |`MAGIC_CAPSLOCK_TO_CONTROL` | |Treat Caps Lock as Control | |`MAGIC_SWAP_LALT_LGUI` | |Swap Left Alt and GUI | |`MAGIC_SWAP_RALT_RGUI` | |Swap Right Alt and GUI | |`MAGIC_NO_GUI` | |Disable the GUI key | |`MAGIC_SWAP_GRAVE_ESC` | |Swap ` and Escape | |`MAGIC_SWAP_BACKSLASH_BACKSPACE` | |Swap `\` and Backspace | |`MAGIC_HOST_NKRO` | |Force NKRO on | |`MAGIC_SWAP_ALT_GUI` |`AG_SWAP`|Swap Alt and GUI on both sides | |`MAGIC_UNSWAP_CONTROL_CAPSLOCK` | |Unswap Caps Lock and Left Control | |`MAGIC_UNCAPSLOCK_TO_CONTROL` | |Stop treating Caps Lock as Control | |`MAGIC_UNSWAP_LALT_LGUI` | |Unswap Left Alt and GUI | |`MAGIC_UNSWAP_RALT_RGUI` | |Unswap Right Alt and GUI | |`MAGIC_UNNO_GUI` | |Enable the GUI key | |`MAGIC_UNSWAP_GRAVE_ESC` | |Unswap ` and Escape| |`MAGIC_UNSWAP_BACKSLASH_BACKSPACE`| |Unswap `\` and Backspace | |`MAGIC_UNHOST_NKRO` | |Force NKRO off | |`MAGIC_UNSWAP_ALT_GUI` |`AG_NORM`|Unswap Alt and GUI on both sides | |`MAGIC_TOGGLE_ALT_GUI` |`AG_TOGG`|Toggle Alt and GUI swap on both sides| |`MAGIC_TOGGLE_NKRO` | |Turn NKRO on or off | ## [Bluetooth](feature_bluetooth.md) |Key |Description | |----------|----------------------------------------------| |`OUT_AUTO`|Automatically switch between USB and Bluetooth| |`OUT_USB` |USB only | |`OUT_BT` |Bluetooth only | ## [Layer Switching](feature_advanced_keycodes.md#switching-and-toggling-layers) |Key |Description | |----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| |`DF(layer)` |Set the base (default) layer | |`MO(layer)` |Momentarily turn on `layer` when pressed (requires `KC_TRNS` on destination layer)| |`OSL(layer)` |Momentarily activates `layer` until a key is pressed. See [One Shot Keys](https://docs.qmk.fm/#/feature_advanced_keycodes?id=one-shot-keys) for details. | |`LM(layer, mod)`|Momentarily turn on `layer` (like MO) with `mod` active as well. Where `mod` is a mods_bit. Mods can be viewed [here](https://docs.qmk.fm/#/feature_advanced_keycodes?id=mod-tap). Example Implementation: `LM(LAYER_1, MOD_LALT)`| |`LT(layer, kc)` |Turn on `layer` when held, `kc` when tapped | |`TG(layer)` |Toggle `layer` on or off | |`TO(layer)` |Turn on `layer` when pressed | |`TT(layer)` |Normally acts like MO unless it's tapped multiple times, which toggles `layer` on | ## [Mouse Keys](feature_mouse_keys.md) |Key |Aliases |Description | |----------------|---------|---------------------------| |`KC_MS_UP` |`KC_MS_U`|Mouse Cursor Up | |`KC_MS_DOWN` |`KC_MS_D`|Mouse Cursor Down | |`KC_MS_LEFT` |`KC_MS_L`|Mouse Cursor Left | |`KC_MS_RIGHT` |`KC_MS_R`|Mouse Cursor Right | |`KC_MS_BTN1` |`KC_BTN1`|Mouse Button 1 | |`KC_MS_BTN2` |`KC_BTN2`|Mouse Button 2 | |`KC_MS_BTN3` |`KC_BTN3`|Mouse Button 3 | |`KC_MS_BTN4` |`KC_BTN4`|Mouse Button 4 | |`KC_MS_BTN5` |`KC_BTN5`|Mouse Button 5 | |`KC_MS_WH_UP` |`KC_WH_U`|Mouse Wheel Up | |`KC_MS_WH_DOWN` |`KC_WH_D`|Mouse Wheel Down | |`KC_MS_WH_LEFT` |`KC_WH_L`|Mouse Wheel Left | |`KC_MS_WH_RIGHT`|`KC_WH_R`|Mouse Wheel Right | |`KC_MS_ACCEL0` |`KC_ACL0`|Set mouse acceleration to 0| |`KC_MS_ACCEL1` |`KC_ACL1`|Set mouse acceleration to 1| |`KC_MS_ACCEL2` |`KC_ACL2`|Set mouse acceleration to 2| ## [Modifiers](feature_advanced_keycodes.md#modifier-keys) |Key |Aliases |Description | |----------|-------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------| |`LCTL(kc)`|`C(kc)` |Hold Left Control and press `kc` | |`LSFT(kc)`|`S(kc)` |Hold Left Shift and press `kc` | |`LALT(kc)`|`A(kc)` |Hold Left Alt and press `kc` | |`LGUI(kc)`|`G(kc)`, `LCMD(kc)`, `LWIN(kc)`|Hold Left GUI and press `kc` | |`RCTL(kc)`| |Hold Right Control and press `kc` | |`RSFT(kc)`| |Hold Right Shift and press `kc` | |`RALT(kc)`|`ALGR(kc)` |Hold Right Alt and press `kc` | |`RGUI(kc)`|`RCMD(kc)`, `LWIN(kc)` |Hold Right GUI and press `kc` | |`SGUI(kc)`|`SCMD(kc)`, `SWIN(kc)` |Hold Left Shift and GUI and press `kc` | |`LCA(kc)` | |Hold Left Control and Alt and press `kc` | |`LCAG(kc)`| |Hold Left Control, Alt and GUI and press `kc` | |`MEH(kc)` | |Hold Left Control, Shift and Alt and press `kc` | |`HYPR(kc)`| |Hold Left Control, Shift, Alt and GUI and press `kc`| |`KC_MEH` | |Left Control, Shift and Alt | |`KC_HYPR` | |Left Control, Shift, Alt and GUI | ## [Mod-Tap Keys](feature_advanced_keycodes.md#mod-tap) |Key |Aliases |Description | |------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------| |`LCTL_T(kc)`|`CTL_T(kc)` |Left Control when held, `kc` when tapped | |`LSFT_T(kc)`|`SFT_T(kc)` |Left Shift when held, `kc` when tapped | |`LALT_T(kc)`|`ALT_T(kc)` |Left Alt when held, `kc` when tapped | |`LGUI_T(kc)`|`LCMD_T(kc)`, `LWIN_T(kc)`, `GUI_T(kc)`, `CMD_T(kc)`, `WIN_T(kc)`|Left GUI when held, `kc` when tapped | |`RCTL_T(kc)`| |Right Control when held, `kc` when tapped | |`RSFT_T(kc)`| |Right Shift when held, `kc` when tapped | |`RALT_T(kc)`|`ALGR_T(kc)` |Right Alt when held, `kc` when tapped | |`RGUI_T(kc)`|`RCMD_T(kc)`, `RWIN_T(kc)` |Right GUI when held, `kc` when tapped | |`SGUI_T(kc)`|`SCMD_T(kc)`, `SWIN_T(kc)` |Left Shift and GUI when held, `kc` when tapped | |`LCA_T(kc)` | |Left Control and Alt when held, `kc` when tapped | |`LCAG_T(kc)`| |Left Control, Alt and GUI when held, `kc` when tapped | |`RCAG_T(kc)`| |Right Control, Alt and GUI when held, `kc` when tapped | |`C_S_T(kc)` | |Left Control and Shift when held, `kc` when tapped | |`MEH_T(kc)` | |Left Control, Shift and Alt when held, `kc` when tapped| |`HYPR_T(kc)`|`ALL_T(kc)` |Left Control, Shift, Alt and GUI when held, `kc` when tapped - more info [here](http://brettterpstra.com/2012/12/08/a-useful-caps-lock-key/)| ## [RGB Lighting](feature_rgblight.md) |Key |Aliases |Description | |-------------------|----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------| |`RGB_TOG` | |Toggle RGB lighting on or off | |`RGB_MODE_FORWARD` |`RGB_MOD` |Cycle through modes, reverse direction when Shift is held | |`RGB_MODE_REVERSE` |`RGB_RMOD`|Cycle through modes in reverse, forward direction when Shift is held| |`RGB_HUI` | |Increase hue | |`RGB_HUD` | |Decrease hue | |`RGB_SAI` | |Increase saturation | |`RGB_SAD` | |Decrease saturation | |`RGB_VAI` | |Increase value (brightness) | |`RGB_VAD` | |Decrease value (brightness) | |`RGB_MODE_PLAIN` |`RGB_M_P `|Static (no animation) mode | |`RGB_MODE_BREATHE` |`RGB_M_B` |Breathing animation mode | |`RGB_MODE_RAINBOW` |`RGB_M_R` |Rainbow animation mode | |`RGB_MODE_SWIRL` |`RGB_M_SW`|Swirl animation mode | |`RGB_MODE_SNAKE` |`RGB_M_SN`|Snake animation mode | |`RGB_MODE_KNIGHT` |`RGB_M_K` |"Knight Rider" animation mode | |`RGB_MODE_XMAS` |`RGB_M_X` |Christmas animation mode | |`RGB_MODE_GRADIENT`|`RGB_M_G` |Static gradient animation mode | |`RGB_MODE_RGBTEST` |`RGB_M_T` |Red,Green,Blue test animation mode | ## [RGB Matrix Lighting](feature_rgb_matrix.md) |Key |Aliases |Description | |-------------------|----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------| |`RGB_TOG` | |Toggle RGB lighting on or off | |`RGB_MODE_FORWARD` |`RGB_MOD` |Cycle through modes, reverse direction when Shift is held | |`RGB_MODE_REVERSE` |`RGB_RMOD`|Cycle through modes in reverse, forward direction when Shift is held| |`RGB_HUI` | |Increase hue | |`RGB_HUD` | |Decrease hue | |`RGB_SAI` | |Increase saturation | |`RGB_SAD` | |Decrease saturation | |`RGB_VAI` | |Increase value (brightness) | |`RGB_VAD` | |Decrease value (brightness) | |`RGB_SPI` | |Increase effect speed (does no support eeprom yet) | |`RGB_SPD` | |Decrease effect speed (does no support eeprom yet) | ## [Thermal Printer](feature_thermal_printer.md) |Key |Description | |-----------|----------------------------------------| |`PRINT_ON` |Start printing everything the user types| |`PRINT_OFF`|Stop printing everything the user types | ## [US ANSI Shifted Symbols](keycodes_us_ansi_shifted.md) |Key |Aliases |Description | |------------------------|-------------------|-------------------| |`KC_TILDE` |`KC_TILD` |`~` | |`KC_EXCLAIM` |`KC_EXLM` |`!` | |`KC_AT` | |`@` | |`KC_HASH` | |`#` | |`KC_DOLLAR` |`KC_DLR` |`$` | |`KC_PERCENT` |`KC_PERC` |`%` | |`KC_CIRCUMFLEX` |`KC_CIRC` |`^` | |`KC_AMPERSAND` |`KC_AMPR` |`&` | |`KC_ASTERISK` |`KC_ASTR` |`*` | |`KC_LEFT_PAREN` |`KC_LPRN` |`(` | |`KC_RIGHT_PAREN` |`KC_RPRN` |`)` | |`KC_UNDERSCORE` |`KC_UNDS` |`_` | |`KC_PLUS` | |`+` | |`KC_LEFT_CURLY_BRACE` |`KC_LCBR` |`{` | |`KC_RIGHT_CURLY_BRACE` |`KC_RCBR` |`}` | |`KC_PIPE` | ||| |`KC_COLON` |`KC_COLN` |`:` | |`KC_DOUBLE_QUOTE` |`KC_DQUO`, `KC_DQT`|`"` | |`KC_LEFT_ANGLE_BRACKET` |`KC_LABK`, `KC_LT` |`<` | |`KC_RIGHT_ANGLE_BRACKET`|`KC_RABK`, `KC_GT` |`>` | |`KC_QUESTION` |`KC_QUES` |`?` | ## [One Shot Keys](feature_advanced_keycodes.md#one-shot-keys) |Key |Description | |------------|----------------------------------| |`OSM(mod)` |Hold `mod` for one keypress | |`OSL(layer)`|Switch to `layer` for one keypress| ## [Swap Hands](feature_swap_hands.md) |Key |Description | |-----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------| |`SH_T(key)`|Sends `key` with a tap; momentary swap when held. | |`SW_ON` |Turns on swapping and leaves it on. | |`SW_OFF` |Turn off swapping and leaves it off. Good for returning to a known state.| |`SH_MON` |Swaps hands when pressed, returns to normal when released (momentary). | |`SH_MOFF` |Momentarily turns off swap. | |`SH_TG` |Toggles swap on and off with every key press. | |`SH_TT` |Toggles with a tap; momentary when held. | ## [Unicode Support](feature_unicode.md) |Key |Description | |-------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------| |`UC(c)`|Send Unicode code point `c` (`UNICODE_ENABLE`) | |`X(i)` |Send Unicode code point at index `i` in `unicode_map` (`UNICODEMAP_ENABLE`)|