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<div class='content'><table class='list nowrap'><tr class='nohover'><th class='left'>Branch</th><th class='left'>Commit message</th><th class='left'>Author</th><th class='left' colspan='2'>Age</th></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/log/'>master</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/commit/'>generic: add mac-address property for NVMEM mac addresses</a></td><td>David Bauer</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2021-07-22 04:32:28 +0200'>3 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/log/?h=less-old-master'>less-old-master</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/commit/?h=less-old-master'>kernel: make kmod-ata-core selected by dependent modules</a></td><td>Sungbo Eo</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2020-03-11 19:40:03 +0100'>5 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/log/?h=upstream'>upstream</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/commit/?h=upstream'>kernel: make kmod-ata-core selected by dependent modules</a></td><td>Sungbo Eo</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2020-03-11 19:40:03 +0100'>5 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/log/?h=openwrt-19.07'>openwrt-19.07</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/commit/?h=openwrt-19.07'>rssileds: add dependencies based on LDFLAGS</a></td><td>Adrian Schmutzler</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2020-03-11 14:56:03 +0100'>5 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/log/?h=openwrt-18.06'>openwrt-18.06</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/commit/?h=openwrt-18.06'>ar71xx: ew-dorin, fix the trigger level for WPS button</a></td><td>Catrinel Catrinescu</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2020-03-11 11:27:12 +0100'>5 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/log/?h=lede-17.01'>lede-17.01</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/commit/?h=lede-17.01'>mac80211: brcmfmac: fix PCIe reset crash and WARNING</a></td><td>Rafał Miłecki</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2019-11-19 06:51:15 +0100'>5 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/log/?h=old-master'>old-master</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/commit/?h=old-master'>ramips: add support for HiWiFi HC5861B</a></td><td>Deng Qingfang</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2018-08-14 10:21:32 +0200'>6 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/log/?h=chaos_calmer'>chaos_calmer</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/commit/?h=chaos_calmer'>CC: kernel: update to 3.18.45, refresh targets</a></td><td>Zoltan HERPAI</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2016-12-19 14:19:47 +0100'>8 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/log/?h=barrier_breaker'>barrier_breaker</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/commit/?h=barrier_breaker'>BB: openssl: update to 1.0.2f (fixes CVE-2016-0701, CVE-2015-3197)</a></td><td>Jo-Philipp Wich</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2016-01-29 13:25:24 +0000'>9 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/log/?h=attitude_adjustment'>attitude_adjustment</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/commit/?h=attitude_adjustment'>AA: mac80211: merge ath9k fixes from bb</a></td><td>Felix Fietkau</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2014-09-22 11:36:38 +0000'>10 years</span></td></tr>
<tr class='nohover'><td colspan='5'>&nbsp;</td></tr><tr class='nohover'><th class='left'>Tag</th><th class='left'>Download</th><th class='left'>Author</th><th class='left' colspan='2'>Age</th></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v22.03.6'>v22.03.6</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.6.tar.gz'>upstream-22.03.6.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.6.tar.bz2'>upstream-22.03.6.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.6.zip'>upstream-22.03.6.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-months' title='2023-12-03 20:02:20 +0100'>13 months</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v23.05.2'>v23.05.2</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-23.05.2.tar.gz'>upstream-23.05.2.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-23.05.2.tar.bz2'>upstream-23.05.2.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-23.05.2.zip'>upstream-23.05.2.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-months' title='2023-11-15 00:00:53 +0100'>14 months</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v23.05.1'>v23.05.1</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-23.05.1.tar.gz'>upstream-23.05.1.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-23.05.1.tar.bz2'>upstream-23.05.1.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-23.05.1.zip'>upstream-23.05.1.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-months' title='2023-11-12 21:20:49 +0100'>14 months</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v23.05.0'>v23.05.0</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-23.05.0.tar.gz'>upstream-23.05.0.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-23.05.0.tar.bz2'>upstream-23.05.0.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-23.05.0.zip'>upstream-23.05.0.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-months' title='2023-10-11 23:06:24 +0200'>15 months</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v23.05.0-rc4'>v23.05.0-rc4</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-23.05.0-rc4.tar.gz'>upstream-23.05.0-rc4.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-23.05.0-rc4.tar.bz2'>upstream-23.05.0-rc4.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-23.05.0-rc4.zip'>upstream-23.05.0-rc4.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-months' title='2023-09-29 20:28:35 +0200'>16 months</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v23.05.0-rc3'>v23.05.0-rc3</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-23.05.0-rc3.tar.gz'>upstream-23.05.0-rc3.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-23.05.0-rc3.tar.bz2'>upstream-23.05.0-rc3.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-23.05.0-rc3.zip'>upstream-23.05.0-rc3.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-months' title='2023-08-20 21:50:15 +0200'>17 months</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v23.05.0-rc2'>v23.05.0-rc2</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-23.05.0-rc2.tar.gz'>upstream-23.05.0-rc2.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-23.05.0-rc2.tar.bz2'>upstream-23.05.0-rc2.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-23.05.0-rc2.zip'>upstream-23.05.0-rc2.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-months' title='2023-06-28 00:08:24 +0200'>19 months</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v23.05.0-rc1'>v23.05.0-rc1</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-23.05.0-rc1.tar.gz'>upstream-23.05.0-rc1.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-23.05.0-rc1.tar.bz2'>upstream-23.05.0-rc1.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-23.05.0-rc1.zip'>upstream-23.05.0-rc1.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-months' title='2023-06-07 01:06:48 +0200'>19 months</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v21.02.7'>v21.02.7</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.7.tar.gz'>upstream-21.02.7.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.7.tar.bz2'>upstream-21.02.7.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.7.zip'>upstream-21.02.7.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-months' title='2023-04-27 23:08:10 +0200'>21 months</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v22.03.5'>v22.03.5</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.5.tar.gz'>upstream-22.03.5.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.5.tar.bz2'>upstream-22.03.5.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.5.zip'>upstream-22.03.5.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-months' title='2023-04-27 23:05:23 +0200'>21 months</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v21.02.6'>v21.02.6</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.6.tar.gz'>upstream-21.02.6.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.6.tar.bz2'>upstream-21.02.6.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.6.zip'>upstream-21.02.6.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Daniel Golle</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-months' title='2023-04-09 23:38:36 +0100'>21 months</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v22.03.4'>v22.03.4</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.4.tar.gz'>upstream-22.03.4.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.4.tar.bz2'>upstream-22.03.4.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.4.zip'>upstream-22.03.4.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Daniel Golle</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-months' title='2023-04-09 23:35:19 +0100'>21 months</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v22.03.3'>v22.03.3</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.3.tar.gz'>upstream-22.03.3.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.3.tar.bz2'>upstream-22.03.3.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.3.zip'>upstream-22.03.3.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2023-01-03 22:03:37 +0100'>2 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v21.02.5'>v21.02.5</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.5.tar.gz'>upstream-21.02.5.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.5.tar.bz2'>upstream-21.02.5.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.5.zip'>upstream-21.02.5.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2022-10-15 15:02:44 +0200'>2 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v22.03.2'>v22.03.2</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.2.tar.gz'>upstream-22.03.2.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.2.tar.bz2'>upstream-22.03.2.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.2.zip'>upstream-22.03.2.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2022-10-15 14:45:57 +0200'>2 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v22.03.1'>v22.03.1</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.1.tar.gz'>upstream-22.03.1.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.1.tar.bz2'>upstream-22.03.1.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.1.zip'>upstream-22.03.1.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2022-10-09 19:32:19 +0200'>2 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v21.02.4'>v21.02.4</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.4.tar.gz'>upstream-21.02.4.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.4.tar.bz2'>upstream-21.02.4.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.4.zip'>upstream-21.02.4.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2022-10-09 19:13:29 +0200'>2 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v22.03.0'>v22.03.0</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.0.tar.gz'>upstream-22.03.0.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.0.tar.bz2'>upstream-22.03.0.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.0.zip'>upstream-22.03.0.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2022-09-03 18:49:01 +0200'>2 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v22.03.0-rc6'>v22.03.0-rc6</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.0-rc6.tar.gz'>upstream-22.03.0-rc6.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.0-rc6.tar.bz2'>upstream-22.03.0-rc6.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.0-rc6.zip'>upstream-22.03.0-rc6.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2022-08-01 00:05:27 +0200'>2 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v22.03.0-rc5'>v22.03.0-rc5</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.0-rc5.tar.gz'>upstream-22.03.0-rc5.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.0-rc5.tar.bz2'>upstream-22.03.0-rc5.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.0-rc5.zip'>upstream-22.03.0-rc5.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2022-07-06 23:01:47 +0200'>3 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v22.03.0-rc4'>v22.03.0-rc4</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.0-rc4.tar.gz'>upstream-22.03.0-rc4.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.0-rc4.tar.bz2'>upstream-22.03.0-rc4.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.0-rc4.zip'>upstream-22.03.0-rc4.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2022-06-10 21:36:53 +0200'>3 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v22.03.0-rc3'>v22.03.0-rc3</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.0-rc3.tar.gz'>upstream-22.03.0-rc3.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.0-rc3.tar.bz2'>upstream-22.03.0-rc3.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.0-rc3.zip'>upstream-22.03.0-rc3.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2022-05-27 12:09:29 +0200'>3 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v22.03.0-rc2'>v22.03.0-rc2</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.0-rc2.tar.gz'>upstream-22.03.0-rc2.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.0-rc2.tar.bz2'>upstream-22.03.0-rc2.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.0-rc2.zip'>upstream-22.03.0-rc2.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Paul Spooren</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2022-05-21 18:36:24 +0200'>3 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v22.03.0-rc1'>v22.03.0-rc1</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.0-rc1.tar.gz'>upstream-22.03.0-rc1.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.0-rc1.tar.bz2'>upstream-22.03.0-rc1.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-22.03.0-rc1.zip'>upstream-22.03.0-rc1.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2022-04-21 00:28:50 +0200'>3 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v21.02.3'>v21.02.3</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.3.tar.gz'>upstream-21.02.3.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.3.tar.bz2'>upstream-21.02.3.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.3.zip'>upstream-21.02.3.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2022-04-17 21:00:03 +0200'>3 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v19.07.10'>v19.07.10</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-19.07.10.tar.gz'>upstream-19.07.10.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-19.07.10.tar.bz2'>upstream-19.07.10.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-19.07.10.zip'>upstream-19.07.10.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2022-04-17 19:35:25 +0200'>3 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v19.07.9'>v19.07.9</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-19.07.9.tar.gz'>upstream-19.07.9.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-19.07.9.tar.bz2'>upstream-19.07.9.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-19.07.9.zip'>upstream-19.07.9.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2022-02-17 19:43:34 +0100'>3 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v21.02.2'>v21.02.2</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.2.tar.gz'>upstream-21.02.2.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.2.tar.bz2'>upstream-21.02.2.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.2.zip'>upstream-21.02.2.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2022-02-17 19:00:30 +0100'>3 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v21.02.1'>v21.02.1</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.1.tar.gz'>upstream-21.02.1.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.1.tar.bz2'>upstream-21.02.1.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.1.zip'>upstream-21.02.1.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2021-10-25 21:44:54 +0200'>3 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v21.02.0'>v21.02.0</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.0.tar.gz'>upstream-21.02.0.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.0.tar.bz2'>upstream-21.02.0.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.0.zip'>upstream-21.02.0.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2021-09-01 21:53:53 +0200'>3 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v21.02.0-rc4'>v21.02.0-rc4</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.0-rc4.tar.gz'>upstream-21.02.0-rc4.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.0-rc4.tar.bz2'>upstream-21.02.0-rc4.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-21.02.0-rc4.zip'>upstream-21.02.0-rc4.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span cl<style>pre { line-height: 125%; margin: 0; }
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to its openess as well as the wide variety of platforms it can run on. Many
manufacturer actually use it in firmware you can find on many devices: DVB-T 
decoders, routers, print servers, DVD players ... Most of the time the stock 
firmware is not really open to the consumer, even if it uses open source software.

You might be interested in running a Linux based firmware for your router for
various reasons: extending the use of a network protocol (such as IPv6), having
new features, new piece of software inside, or for security reasons. A fully 
open-source firmware is de-facto needed for such applications, since you want to
be free to use this or that version of a particular reason, be able to correct a
particular bug. Few manufacturers do ship their routers with a Sample Development Kit,
that would allow you to create your own and custom firmware and most of the time,
when they do, you will most likely not be able to complete the firmware creation process.

This is one of the reasons why OpenWrt and other firmware exists: providing a 
version independent, and tools independent firmware, that can be run on various 
platforms, known to be running Linux originally.

<span class="k">\subsection</span><span class="nb">{</span>Which Operating System does this device run?<span class="nb">}</span>

There is a lot of methods to ensure your device is running Linux. Some of them do
need your router to be unscrewed and open, some can be done by probing the device
using its external network interface&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.7.zip'>upstream-18.06.7.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Jo-Philipp Wich</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2020-01-29 17:13:21 +0100'>5 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v19.07.1'>v19.07.1</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-19.07.1.tar.gz'>upstream-19.07.1.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-19.07.1.tar.bz2'>upstream-19.07.1.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-19.07.1.zip'>upstream-19.07.1.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Jo-Philipp Wich</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2020-01-29 17:08:11 +0100'>5 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v19.07.0'>v19.07.0</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-19.07.0.tar.gz'>upstream-19.07.0.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-19.07.0.tar.bz2'>upstream-19.07.0.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-19.07.0.zip'>upstream-19.07.0.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2020-01-06 22:40:58 +0100'>5 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v18.06.6'>v18.06.6</a></td><td><a href='/con the device, and which version of the service is being used:

<span class="k">\begin&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.6.tar.bz2'>upstream-18.06.6.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.6.zip'>upstream-18.06.6.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2020-01-06 21:50:22 +0100'>5 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v19.07.0-rc2'>v19.07.0-rc2</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-19.07.0-rc2.tar.gz'>upstream-19.07.0-rc2.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-19.07.0-rc2.tar.bz2'>upstream-19.07.0-rc2.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-19.07.0-rc2.zip'>upstream-19.07.0-rc2.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2019-11-30 19:40:45 +0100'>5 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v18.06.5'>v18.06.5</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.5.tar.gz'>upstream-18.06.5.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.5.tar.bz2'>upstream-18.06.5.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.5.zip'>upstream-18.06.5.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Jo-Philipp Wich</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2019-11-08 20:32:24 +0100'>5 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v19.07.0-rc1'>v19.07.0-rc1</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-19.07.0-rc1.tar.gz'>upstream-19.07.0-rc1.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-19.07.0-rc1.tar.bz2'>upstream-19.07.0-rc1.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-19.07.0-rc1.zip'>upstream-19.07.0-rc1.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Jo-Philipp Wich</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2019-11-06 09:08:44 +0100'>5 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v18.06.4'>v18.06.4</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.4.tar.gz'>upstream-18.06.4.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.4.tar.bz2'>upstream-18.06.4.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.4.zip'>upstream-18.06.4.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Jo-Philipp Wich</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2019-06-30 12:16:40 +0200'>6 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v18.06.3'>v18.06.3</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.3.tar.gz'>upstream-18.06.3.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.3.tar.bz2'>upstream-18.06.3.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.3.zip'>upstream-18.06.3.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Jo-Philipp Wich</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2019-06-21 14:26:22 +0200'>6 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v17.01.7'>v17.01.7</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-17.01.7.tar.gz'>upstream-17.01.7.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-17.01.7.tar.bz2'>upstream-17.01.7.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-17.01.7.zip'>upstream-17.01.7.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Jo-Philipp Wich</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2019-06-21 14:24:11 +0200'>6 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v18.06.2'>v18.06.2</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.2.tar.gz'>upstream-18.06.2.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.2.tar.bz2'>upstream-18.06.2.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.2.zip'>upstream-18.06.2.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Jo-Philipp Wich</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2019-01-30 13:34:49 +0100'>6 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v17.01.6'>v17.01.6</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-17.01.6.tar.gz'>upstream-17.01.6.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-17.01.6.tar.bz2'>upstream-17.01.6.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-17.01.6.zip'>upstream-17.01.6.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2018-09-02 15:16:09 +0200'>6 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v18.06.1'>v18.06.1</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.1.tar.gz'>upstream-18.06.1.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.1.tar.bz2'>upstream-18.06.1.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.1.zip'>upstream-18.06.1.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Jo-Philipp Wich</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2018-08-16 18:36:48 +0200'>6 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v18.06.0'>v18.06.0</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.0.tar.gz'>upstream-18.06.0.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.0.tar.bz2'>upstream-18.06.0.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.0.zip'>upstream-18.06.0.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Jo-Philipp Wich</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2018-07-30 18:44:34 +0200'>6 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v17.01.5'>v17.01.5</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-17.01.5.tar.gz'>upstream-17.01.5.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-17.01.5.tar.bz2'>upstream-17.01.5.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-17.01.5.zip'>upstream-17.01.5.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Hauke Mehrtens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2018-07-15 21:25:16 +0200'>7 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v18.06.0-rc2'>v18.06.0-rc2</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.0-rc2.tar.gz'>upstream-18.06.0-rc2.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.0-rc2.tar.bz2'>upstream-18.06.0-rc2.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.0-rc2.zip'>upstream-18.06.0-rc2.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Jo-Philipp Wich</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2018-07-15 17:54:33 +0200'>7 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v18.06.0-rc1'>v18.06.0-rc1</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.0-rc1.tar.gz'>upstream-18.06.0-rc1.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.0-rc1.tar.bz2'>upstream-18.06.0-rc1.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-18.06.0-rc1.zip'>upstream-18.06.0-rc1.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Jo-Philipp Wich</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2018-06-22 12:30:02 +0200'>7 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v17.01.4'>v17.01.4</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-17.01.4.tar.gz'>upstream-17.01.4.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-17.01.4.tar.bz2'>upstream-17.01.4.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-17.01.4.zip'>upstream-17.01.4.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Stijn Tintel</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2017-10-18 11:54:32 +0300'>7 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v17.01.3'>v17.01.3</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-17.01.3.tar.gz'>upstream-17.01.3.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-17.01.3.tar.bz2'>upstream-17.01.3.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-17.01.3.zip'>upstream-17.01.3.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Stijn Tintel</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2017-10-03 15:10:53 +0300'>7 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v17.01.2'>v17.01.2</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-17.01.2.tar.gz'>upstream-17.01.2.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-17.01.2.tar.bz2'>upstream-17.01.2.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-17.01.2.zip'>upstream-17.01.2.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Alexander Couzens</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2017-06-10 13:08:02 +0200'>8 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=reboot'>reboot</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-reboot.tar.gz'>upstream-reboot.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-reboot.tar.bz2'>upstream-reboot.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-reboot.zip'>upstream-reboot.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Jo-Philipp Wich</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2016-04-26 15:42:01 +0200'>9 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v15.05.1'>v15.05.1</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-15.05.1.tar.gz'>upstream-15.05.1.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-15.05.1.tar.bz2'>upstream-15.05.1.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-15.05.1.zip'>upstream-15.05.1.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Felix Fietkau</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2016-01-28 18:26:18 +0000'>9 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v15.05'>v15.05</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-15.05.tar.gz'>upstream-15.05.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-15.05.tar.bz2'>upstream-15.05.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-15.05.zip'>upstream-15.05.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Felix Fietkau</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2015-09-02 09:26:22 +0000'>9 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v14.07'>v14.07</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-14.07.tar.gz'>upstream-14.07.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-14.07.tar.bz2'>upstream-14.07.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-14.07.zip'>upstream-14.07.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Felix Fietkau</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2014-09-20 11:12:19 +0000'>10 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=v12.09'>v12.09</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-12.09.tar.gz'>upstream-12.09.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-12.09.tar.bz2'>upstream-12.09.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-12.09.zip'>upstream-12.09.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Florian Fainelli</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2013-03-19 13:36:32 +0000'>12 years</span></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/tag/?h=trunk'>trunk</a></td><td><a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-trunk.tar.gz'>upstream-trunk.tar.gz</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-trunk.tar.bz2'>upstream-trunk.tar.bz2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='/cgit.cgi/openwrt/upstream/snapshot/upstream-trunk.zip'>upstream-trunk.zip</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>OpenWrt Developers</td><td colspan='2'><span class='age-years' title='2004-03-28 00:16:07 +0000'>21 years</span></td></tr>
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 has been added to make the binary driver work with the Linux kernel. 
This code might not be useful if you plan on writing drivers from scratch for 
this hardware.

<span class="k">\subsubsection</span><span class="nb">{</span>Using the device bootloader<span class="nb">}</span>

The bootloader is the first program that is started right after your device has 
been powered on. This program, can be more or less sophisticated, some do let you 
do network booting, USB mass storage booting ... The bootloader is device and 
architecture specific, some bootloaders were designed to be universal such as 
RedBoot or U-Boot so that you can meet those loaders on totally different 
platforms and expect them to behave the same way.

If your device runs a proprietary operating system, you are very likely to deal 
with a proprietary boot loader as well. This may not always be a limitation, 
some proprietary bootloaders can even have source code available (i.e : Broadcom CFE).

According to the bootloader features, hacking on the device will be more or less 
easier. It is very probable that the bootloader, even exotic and rare, has a 
documentation somewhere over the Internet. In order to know what will be possible 
with your bootloader and the way you are going to hack the device, look over the 
following features :

<span class="k">\begin</span><span class="nb">{</span>itemize<span class="nb">}</span>
<span class="k">\item</span> does the bootloader allow net booting via bootp/DHCP/NFS or tftp
<span class="k">\item</span> does the bootloader accept loading ELF binaries ?
<span class="k">\item</span> does the bootloader have a kernel/firmware size limitation ?
<span class="k">\item</span> does the bootloader expect a firmware format to be loaded with ?
<span class="k">\item</span> are the loaded files executed from RAM or flash ?
<span class="k">\end</span><span class="nb">{</span>itemize<span class="nb">}</span>

Net booting is something very convenient, because you will only have to set up network
booting servers on your development station, and keep the original firmware on the device
till you are sure you can replace it. This also prevents your device from being flashed,
and potentially bricked every time you want to test a modification on the kernel/filesystem.

If your device needs to be flashed every time you load a firmware, the bootlader might
only accept a specific firmware format to be loaded, so that you will have to 
understand the firmware format as well.

<span class="k">\subsubsection</span><span class="nb">{</span>Making binary drivers work<span class="nb">}</span>

As we have explained before, manufacturers do release binary drivers in their GPL
tarball. When those drivers are statically linked into the kernel, they become GPL
as well, fortunately or unfortunately, most of the drivers are not statically linked.
This anyway lets you a chance to dynamically link the driver with the current kernel
version, and try to make them work together.

This is one of the most tricky and grey part of the fully open source projects. 
Some drivers require few modifications to be working with your custom kernel, 
because they worked with an earlier kernel, and few modifications have been made
to the kernel in-between those versions. This is for instance the case with the 
binary driver of the Broadcom BCM43xx Wireless Chipsets, where only few differences
were made to the network interface structures.

Some general principles can be applied no matter which kernel version is used in
order to make binary drivers work with your custom kernel:

<span class="k">\begin</span><span class="nb">{</span>itemize<span class="nb">}</span>
<span class="k">\item</span> turn on kernel debugging features such as:
<span class="k">\begin</span><span class="nb">{</span>itemize<span class="nb">}</span>
<span class="k">\item</span> CONFIG<span class="k">\_</span>DEBUG<span class="k">\_</span>KERNEL
<span class="k">\item</span> CONFIG<span class="k">\_</span>DETECT<span class="k">\_</span>SOFTLOCKUP
<span class="k">\item</span> CONFIG<span class="k">\_</span>DEBUG<span class="k">\_</span>KOBJECT
<span class="k">\item</span> CONFIG<span class="k">\_</span>KALLSYMS
<span class="k">\item</span> CONFIG<span class="k">\_</span>KALLSYMS<span class="k">\_</span>ALL
<span class="k">\end</span><span class="nb">{</span>itemize<span class="nb">}</span>
<span class="k">\item</span> link binary drivers when possible to the current kernel version
<span class="k">\item</span> try to load those binary drivers
<span class="k">\item</span> catch the lockups and understand them
<span class="k">\end</span><span class="nb">{</span>itemize<span class="nb">}</span>

Most of the time, loading binary drivers will fail, and generate a kernel oops. 
You can know the last symbol the binary drivers attempted to use, and see in the
kernel headers file, if you do not have to move some structures field before or 
after that symbol in order to keep compatibily with both the binary driver and 
the stock kernel drivers.

<span class="k">\subsubsection</span><span class="nb">{</span>Understanding the firmware format<span class="nb">}</span>

You might want to understand the firmware format, even if you are not yet capable
of running a custom firmware on your device, because this is sometimes a blocking
part of the flashing process.

A firmware format is most of the time composed of the following fields:

<span class="k">\begin</span><span class="nb">{</span>itemize<span class="nb">}</span>
<span class="k">\item</span> header, containing a firmware version and additional fields: Vendor, Hardware version ...
<span class="k">\item</span> CRC32 checksum on either the whole file or just part of it
<span class="k">\item</span> Binary and/or compressed kernel image
<span class="k">\item</span> Binary and/or compressed root filesystem image
<span class="k">\item</span> potential garbage
<span class="k">\end</span><span class="nb">{</span>itemize<span class="nb">}</span>

Once you have figured out how the firmware format is partitioned, you will have 
to write your own tool that produces valid firmware binaries. One thing to be very
careful here is the endianness of either the machine that produces the binary 
firmware and the device that will be flashed using this binary firmware.

<span class="k">\subsubsection</span><span class="nb">{</span>Writing a flash map driver<span class="nb">}</span>

The flash map driver has an important role in making your custom firmware work 
because it is responsible of mapping the correct flash regions and associated 
rights to specific parts of the system such as: bootloader, kernel, user filesystem.

Writing your own flash map driver is not really a hard task once you know how your
firmware image and flash is structured. You will find below a commented example
that covers the case of the device where the bootloader can pass to the kernel its partition plan.

First of all, you need to make your flash map driver be visible in the kernel 
configuration options, this can be done by editing the file <span class="k">\</span>
<span class="k">\textbf</span><span class="nb">{</span>linux/drivers/mtd/maps/Kconfig<span class="nb">}</span>:

<span class="k">\begin</span><span class="nb">{</span>verbatim<span class="nb">}</span>
config MTD<span class="nb">_</span>DEVICE<span class="nb">_</span>FLASH
        tristate &quot;Device Flash device&quot;
        depends on ARCHITECTURE <span class="nb">&amp;&amp;</span> DEVICE
        help
         Flash memory access on DEVICE boards. Currently only works with
         Bootloader Foo and Bootloader Bar.
<span class="k">\end</span><span class="nb">{</span>verbatim<span class="nb">}</span>

Then add your source file to the <span class="k">\textbf</span><span class="nb">{</span>linux/drivers/mtd/maps/Makefile<span class="nb">}</span>, so 
that it will be compiled along with the kernel.

<span class="k">\begin</span><span class="nb">{</span>verbatim<span class="nb">}</span>
obj-<span class="k">\$</span>(CONFIG<span class="nb">_</span>MTD<span class="nb">_</span>DEVICE<span class="nb">_</span>FLASH)      += device-flash.o
<span class="k">\end</span><span class="nb">{</span>verbatim<span class="nb">}</span>

You can then write the kernel driver itself, by creating a 
<span class="k">\textbf</span><span class="nb">{</span>linux/drivers/mtd/maps/device-flash.c<span class="nb">}</span> C source file.

<span class="k">\begin</span><span class="nb">{</span>verbatim<span class="nb">}</span>
// Includes that are required for the flash map driver to know of the prototypes:
#include &lt;asm/io.h&gt;
#include &lt;linux/init.h&gt;
#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt;
#include &lt;linux/mtd/map.h&gt;
#include &lt;linux/mtd/mtd.h&gt;
#include &lt;linux/mtd/partitions.h&gt;
#include &lt;linux/vmalloc.h&gt;

// Put some flash map definitions here:
#define WINDOW<span class="nb">_</span>ADDR 0x1FC00000         /* Real address of the flash */
#define WINDOW<span class="nb">_</span>SIZE 0x400000                /* Size of flash */
#define BUSWIDTH 2                                   /* Buswidth */

static void <span class="nb">__</span>exit device<span class="nb">_</span>mtd<span class="nb">_</span>cleanup(void);

static struct mtd<span class="nb">_</span>info *device<span class="nb">_</span>mtd<span class="nb">_</span>info;

static struct map<span class="nb">_</span>info devicd<span class="nb">_</span>map = <span class="nb">{</span>
       .name = &quot;device&quot;,
       .size = WINDOW<span class="nb">_</span>SIZE,
       .bankwidth = BUSWIDTH,
       .phys = WINDOW<span class="nb">_</span>ADDR,
<span class="nb">}</span>;

static int <span class="nb">__</span>init device<span class="nb">_</span>mtd<span class="nb">_</span>init(void)
<span class="nb">{</span>
	  // Display that we found a flash map device 
       printk(&quot;device: 0x<span class="k">\%</span>08x at 0x<span class="k">\%</span>08x<span class="k">\n</span>&quot;, WINDOW<span class="nb">_</span>SIZE, WINDOW<span class="nb">_</span>ADDR);
	   // Remap the device address to a kernel address
       device<span class="nb">_</span>map.virt = ioremap(WINDOW<span class="nb">_</span>ADDR, WINDOW<span class="nb">_</span>SIZE);

       // If impossible to remap, exit with the EIO error
       if (!device<span class="nb">_</span>map.virt) <span class="nb">{</span>
               printk(&quot;device: Failed to ioremap<span class="k">\n</span>&quot;);
               return -EIO;
       <span class="nb">}</span>

	   // Initialize the device map
       simple<span class="nb">_</span>map<span class="nb">_</span>init(<span class="nb">&amp;</span>device<span class="nb">_</span>map);

	   /* MTD informations are closely linked to the flash map device
	       you might also use &quot;jedec<span class="nb">_</span>probe&quot; &quot;amd<span class="nb">_</span>probe&quot; or &quot;intel<span class="nb">_</span>probe&quot; */
       device<span class="nb">_</span>mtd<span class="nb">_</span>info = do<span class="nb">_</span>map<span class="nb">_</span>probe(&quot;cfi<span class="nb">_</span>probe&quot;, <span class="nb">&amp;</span>device<span class="nb">_</span>map);

 		if (device<span class="nb">_</span>mtd<span class="nb">_</span>info) <span class="nb">{</span>
               device<span class="nb">_</span>mtd<span class="nb">_</span>info-&gt;owner = THIS<span class="nb">_</span>MODULE;

				int parsed<span class="nb">_</span>nr<span class="nb">_</span>parts = 0;

						// We try here to use the partition schema provided by the bootloader specific code
                       if (parsed<span class="nb">_</span>nr<span class="nb">_</span>parts == 0) <span class="nb">{</span>
                               int ret = parse<span class="nb">_</span>bootloader<span class="nb">_</span>partitions(device<span class="nb">_</span>mtd<span class="nb">_</span>info, <span class="nb">&amp;</span>parsed<span class="nb">_</span>parts, 0);
                               if (ret &gt; 0) <span class="nb">{</span>
                                       part<span class="nb">_</span>type = &quot;BootLoader&quot;;
                                       parsed<span class="nb">_</span>nr<span class="nb">_</span>parts = ret;
                               <span class="nb">}</span>
                       <span class="nb">}</span>

                       add<span class="nb">_</span>mtd<span class="nb">_</span>partitions(devicd<span class="nb">_</span>mtd<span class="nb">_</span>info, parsed<span class="nb">_</span>parts, parsed<span class="nb">_</span>nr<span class="nb">_</span>parts);

                       return 0;
               <span class="nb">}</span>
       iounmap(device<span class="nb">_</span>map.virt);

       return -ENXIO;
<span class="nb">}</span>

// This function will make the driver clean up the MTD device mapping
static void <span class="nb">__</span>exit device<span class="nb">_</span>mtd<span class="nb">_</span>cleanup(void)
<span class="nb">{</span>
	  // If we found a MTD device before
       if (device<span class="nb">_</span>mtd<span class="nb">_</span>info) <span class="nb">{</span>
			   // Delete every partitions
               del<span class="nb">_</span>mtd<span class="nb">_</span>partitions(device<span class="nb">_</span>mtd<span class="nb">_</span>info);
			   // Delete the associated map
               map<span class="nb">_</span>destroy(device<span class="nb">_</span>mtd<span class="nb">_</span>info);
       <span class="nb">}</span>
	
		// If the virtual address is already in use
       if (device<span class="nb">_</span>map.virt) <span class="nb">{</span>
					// Unmap the physical address to a kernel space address
               iounmap(device<span class="nb">_</span>map.virt);
				// Reset the structure field
              device<span class="nb">_</span>map.virt = 0;
       <span class="nb">}</span>
<span class="nb">}</span>


// Macros that indicate which function is called on loading/unloading the module
module<span class="nb">_</span>init(device<span class="nb">_</span>mtd<span class="nb">_</span>init);
module<span class="nb">_</span>exit(device<span class="nb">_</span>mtd<span class="nb">_</span>cleanup);


// Macros defining license and author, parameters can be defined here too.
MODULE<span class="nb">_</span>LICENSE(&quot;GPL&quot;);
MODULE<span class="nb">_</span>AUTHOR(&quot;Me, myself and I &lt;memyselfandi@domain.tld&quot;);
<span class="k">\end</span><span class="nb">{</span>verbatim<span class="nb">}</span>

<span class="k">\subsection</span><span class="nb">{</span>Adding your target in OpenWrt<span class="nb">}</span>

Once you spotted the key changes that were made to the Linux kernel
to support your target, you will want to create a target in OpenWrt
for your hardware. This can be useful to benefit from the toolchain
that OpenWrt builds as well as the resulting user-space and kernel
configuration options.

Provided that your target is already known to OpenWrt, it will be
as simple as creating a <span class="k">\texttt</span><span class="nb">{</span>target/linux/board<span class="nb">}</span> directory
where you will be creating the following directories and files.

Here for example, is a <span class="k">\texttt</span><span class="nb">{</span>target/linux/board/Makefile<span class="nb">}</span>:

<span class="k">\begin</span><span class="nb">{</span>Verbatim<span class="nb">}</span>[frame=single,numbers=left]
#
# Copyright (C) 2009 OpenWrt.org
#
# This is free software, licensed under the GNU General Public License v2.
# See /LICENSE for more information.
#
include <span class="s">$</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nb">TOPDIR</span><span class="o">)/</span><span class="nb">rules.mk</span>

<span class="nb">ARCH:</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">mips</span>
<span class="nb">BOARD:</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">board</span>
<span class="nb">BOARDNAME:</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">Eval board</span>
<span class="nb">FEATURES:</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">squashfs jffs</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="nb"> pci usb</span>

<span class="nb">LINUX_VERSION:</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="nb">.</span><span class="m">6</span><span class="nb">.</span><span class="m">27</span><span class="nb">.</span><span class="m">10</span><span class="nb"></span>

<span class="nb">include </span><span class="s">$</span>(INCLUDE<span class="nb">_</span>DIR)/target.mk

DEFAULT<span class="nb">_</span>PACKAGES += hostapd-mini

define Target/Description
        Build firmware images for Evaluation board
endef

<span class="s">$</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nb">eval </span><span class="s">$</span>(call BuildTarget))
<span class="k">\end</span><span class="nb">{</span>Verbatim<span class="nb">}</span>

<span class="k">\begin</span><span class="nb">{</span>itemize<span class="nb">}</span>
    <span class="k">\item</span> <span class="k">\texttt</span><span class="nb">{</span>ARCH<span class="nb">}</span> <span class="k">\\</span>
        The name of the architecture known by Linux and uClibc
    <span class="k">\item</span> <span class="k">\texttt</span><span class="nb">{</span>BOARD<span class="nb">}</span> <span class="k">\\</span>
        The name of your board that will be used as a package and build directory identifier
    <span class="k">\item</span> <span class="k">\texttt</span><span class="nb">{</span>BOARDNAME<span class="nb">}</span> <span class="k">\\</span>
        Expanded name that will appear in menuconfig
    <span class="k">\item</span> <span class="k">\texttt</span><span class="nb">{</span>FEATURES<span class="nb">}</span> <span class="k">\\</span>
        Set of features to build filesystem images, USB, PCI, VIDEO kernel support
    <span class="k">\item</span> <span class="k">\texttt</span><span class="nb">{</span>LINUX<span class="k">\_</span>VERSION<span class="nb">}</span> <span class="k">\\</span>
        Linux kernel version to use for this target
    <span class="k">\item</span> <span class="k">\texttt</span><span class="nb">{</span>DEFAULT<span class="k">\_</span>PACKAGES<span class="nb">}</span> <span class="k">\\</span>
        Set of packages to be built by default
<span class="k">\end</span><span class="nb">{</span>itemize<span class="nb">}</span>

A partial kernel configuration which is either named <span class="k">\texttt</span><span class="nb">{</span>config-default<span class="nb">}</span> or which matches the kernel version <span class="k">\texttt</span><span class="nb">{</span>config-2.6.x<span class="nb">}</span> should be present in <span class="k">\texttt</span><span class="nb">{</span>target/linux/board/<span class="nb">}</span>.
This kernel configuration will only contain the relevant symbols to support your target and can be changed using <span class="k">\texttt</span><span class="nb">{</span>make kernel<span class="k">\_</span>menuconfig<span class="nb">}</span>.

To patch the kernel sources with the patches required to support your hardware, you will have to drop them in <span class="k">\texttt</span><span class="nb">{</span>patches<span class="nb">}</span> or in <span class="k">\texttt</span><span class="nb">{</span>patches-2.6.x<span class="nb">}</span> if there are specific
changes between kernel versions. Additionnaly, if you want to avoid creating a patch that will create files, you can put those files into <span class="k">\texttt</span><span class="nb">{</span>files<span class="nb">}</span> or <span class="k">\texttt</span><span class="nb">{</span>files-2.6.x<span class="nb">}</span>
with the same directory structure that the kernel uses (e.g: drivers/mtd/maps, arch/mips ..).

The build system will require you to create a <span class="k">\texttt</span><span class="nb">{</span>target/linux/board/image/Makefile<span class="nb">}</span>:

<span class="k">\begin</span><span class="nb">{</span>Verbatim<span class="nb">}</span>[frame=single,numbers=left]
#
# Copyright (C) 2009 OpenWrt.org
#
# This is free software, licensed under the GNU General Public License v2.
# See /LICENSE for more information.
#
include <span class="s">$</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nb">TOPDIR</span><span class="o">)/</span><span class="nb">rules.mk</span>
<span class="nb">include </span><span class="s">$</span>(INCLUDE<span class="nb">_</span>DIR)/image.mk

define Image/BuildKernel
        cp <span class="s">$</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nb">KDIR</span><span class="o">)/</span><span class="nb">vmlinux.elf </span><span class="s">$</span>(BIN<span class="nb">_</span>DIR)/openwrt-<span class="s">$</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nb">BOARD</span><span class="o">)-</span><span class="nb">vmlinux.elf</span>
<span class="nb">        gzip </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">9</span><span class="nb"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nb">c </span><span class="s">$</span>(KDIR)/vmlinux &gt; <span class="s">$</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nb">KDIR</span><span class="o">)/</span><span class="nb">vmlinux.bin.gz</span>
<span class="nb">        </span><span class="s">$</span>(STAGING<span class="nb">_</span>DIR<span class="nb">_</span>HOST)/bin/lzma e <span class="s">$</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nb">KDIR</span><span class="o">)/</span><span class="nb">vmlinux </span><span class="s">$</span>(KDIR)/vmlinux.bin.l7
        dd if=<span class="s">$</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nb">KDIR</span><span class="o">)/</span><span class="nb">vmlinux.bin.l</span><span class="m">7</span><span class="nb"> of</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">$</span>(BIN<span class="nb">_</span>DIR)/openwrt-<span class="s">$</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nb">BOARD</span><span class="o">)-</span><span class="nb">vmlinux.lzma bs</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">65536</span><span class="nb"> conv</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">sync</span>
<span class="nb">        dd if</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">$</span>(KDIR)/vmlinux.bin.gz of=<span class="s">$</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nb">BIN_DIR</span><span class="o">)/</span><span class="nb">openwrt</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="s">$</span>(BOARD)-vmlinux.gz bs=65536 conv=sync
endef

define Image/Build/squashfs
    <span class="s">$</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nb">call prepare_generic_squashfs,</span><span class="s">$</span>(KDIR)/root.squashfs)
endef

define Image/Build
        <span class="s">$</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nb">call Image</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nb">Build</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="s">$</span>(1))
        dd if=<span class="s">$</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nb">KDIR</span><span class="o">)/</span><span class="nb">root.</span><span class="s">$</span>(1) of=<span class="s">$</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nb">BIN_DIR</span><span class="o">)/</span><span class="nb">openwrt</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="s">$</span>(BOARD)-root.<span class="s">$</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">)</span><span class="nb"> bs</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">128</span><span class="nb">k conv</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">sync</span>

<span class="nb">        </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="s">$</span>(STAGING<span class="nb">_</span>DIR<span class="nb">_</span>HOST)/bin/mkfwimage <span class="k">\</span>
                -B XS2 -v XS2.ar2316.OpenWrt <span class="k">\</span>
                -k <span class="s">$</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nb">BIN_DIR</span><span class="o">)/</span><span class="nb">openwrt</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="s">$</span>(BOARD)-vmlinux.lzma <span class="k">\</span>
                -r <span class="s">$</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nb">BIN_DIR</span><span class="o">)/</span><span class="nb">openwrt</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="s">$</span>(BOARD)-root.<span class="s">$</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">)</span><span class="nb"> </span><span class="err">\</span><span class="nb"></span>
<span class="nb">                </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nb">o </span><span class="s">$</span>(BIN<span class="nb">_</span>DIR)/openwrt-<span class="s">$</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nb">BOARD</span><span class="o">)-</span><span class="nb">ubnt</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="s">$</span>(1).bin
endef

<span class="s">$</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nb">eval </span><span class="s">$</span>(call BuildImage))

<span class="k">\end</span><span class="nb">{</span>Verbatim<span class="nb">}</span>

<span class="k">\begin</span><span class="nb">{</span>itemize<span class="nb">}</span>
    <span class="k">\item</span> <span class="k">\texttt</span><span class="nb">{</span>Image/BuildKernel<span class="nb">}</span> <span class="k">\\</span>
        This template defines changes to be made to the ELF kernel file
    <span class="k">\item</span> <span class="k">\texttt</span><span class="nb">{</span>Image/Build<span class="nb">}</span> <span class="k">\\</span>
	This template defines the final changes to apply to the rootfs and kernel, either combined or separated
	firmware creation tools can be called here as well.
<span class="k">\end</span><span class="nb">{</span>itemize<span class="nb">}</span>
</pre></div>
</code></pre></td></tr></table>
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