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diff --git a/Documentation/crypto/api-intro.txt b/Documentation/crypto/api-intro.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..8b493027 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/crypto/api-intro.txt @@ -0,0 +1,248 @@ + + Scatterlist Cryptographic API + +INTRODUCTION + +The Scatterlist Crypto API takes page vectors (scatterlists) as +arguments, and works directly on pages. In some cases (e.g. ECB +mode ciphers), this will allow for pages to be encrypted in-place +with no copying. + +One of the initial goals of this design was to readily support IPsec, +so that processing can be applied to paged skb's without the need +for linearization. + + +DETAILS + +At the lowest level are algorithms, which register dynamically with the +API. + +'Transforms' are user-instantiated objects, which maintain state, handle all +of the implementation logic (e.g. manipulating page vectors) and provide an +abstraction to the underlying algorithms. However, at the user +level they are very simple. + +Conceptually, the API layering looks like this: + + [transform api] (user interface) + [transform ops] (per-type logic glue e.g. cipher.c, compress.c) + [algorithm api] (for registering algorithms) + +The idea is to make the user interface and algorithm registration API +very simple, while hiding the core logic from both. Many good ideas +from existing APIs such as Cryptoapi and Nettle have been adapted for this. + +The API currently supports five main types of transforms: AEAD (Authenticated +Encryption with Associated Data), Block Ciphers, Ciphers, Compressors and +Hashes. + +Please note that Block Ciphers is somewhat of a misnomer. It is in fact +meant to support all ciphers including stream ciphers. The difference +between Block Ciphers and Ciphers is that the latter operates on exactly +one block while the former can operate on an arbitrary amount of data, +subject to block size requirements (i.e., non-stream ciphers can only +process multiples of blocks). + +Support for hardware crypto devices via an asynchronous interface is +under development. + +Here's an example of how to use the API: + + #include <linux/crypto.h> + #include <linux/err.h> + #include <linux/scatterlist.h> + + struct scatterlist sg[2]; + char result[128]; + struct crypto_hash *tfm; + struct hash_desc desc; + + tfm = crypto_alloc_hash("md5", 0, CRYPTO_ALG_ASYNC); + if (IS_ERR(tfm)) + fail(); + + /* ... set up the scatterlists ... */ + + desc.tfm = tfm; + desc.flags = 0; + + if (crypto_hash_digest(&desc, sg, 2, result)) + fail(); + + crypto_free_hash(tfm); + + +Many real examples are available in the regression test module (tcrypt.c). + + +DEVELOPER NOTES + +Transforms may only be allocated in user context, and cryptographic +methods may only be called from softirq and user contexts. For +transforms with a setkey method it too should only be called from +user context. + +When using the API for ciphers, performance will be optimal if each +scatterlist contains data which is a multiple of the cipher's block +size (typically 8 bytes). This prevents having to do any copying +across non-aligned page fragment boundaries. + + +ADDING NEW ALGORITHMS + +When submitting a new algorithm for inclusion, a mandatory requirement +is that at least a few test vectors from known sources (preferably +standards) be included. + +Converting existing well known code is preferred, as it is more likely +to have been reviewed and widely tested. If submitting code from LGPL +sources, please consider changing the license to GPL (see section 3 of +the LGPL). + +Algorithms submitted must also be generally patent-free (e.g. IDEA +will not be included in the mainline until around 2011), and be based +on a recognized standard and/or have been subjected to appropriate +peer review. + +Also check for any RFCs which may relate to the use of specific algorithms, +as well as general application notes such as RFC2451 ("The ESP CBC-Mode +Cipher Algorithms"). + +It's a good idea to avoid using lots of macros and use inlined functions +instead, as gcc does a good job with inlining, while excessive use of +macros can cause compilation problems on some platforms. + +Also check the TODO list at the web site listed below to see what people +might already be working on. + + +BUGS + +Send bug reports to: +linux-crypto@vger.kernel.org +Cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>, + David S. Miller <davem@redhat.com> + + +FURTHER INFORMATION + +For further patches and various updates, including the current TODO +list, see: +http://gondor.apana.org.au/~herbert/crypto/ + + +AUTHORS + +James Morris +David S. Miller +Herbert Xu + + +CREDITS + +The following people provided invaluable feedback during the development +of the API: + + Alexey Kuznetzov + Rusty Russell + Herbert Valerio Riedel + Jeff Garzik + Michael Richardson + Andrew Morton + Ingo Oeser + Christoph Hellwig + +Portions of this API were derived from the following projects: + + Kerneli Cryptoapi (http://www.kerneli.org/) + Alexander Kjeldaas + Herbert Valerio Riedel + Kyle McMartin + Jean-Luc Cooke + David Bryson + Clemens Fruhwirth + Tobias Ringstrom + Harald Welte + +and; + + Nettle (http://www.lysator.liu.se/~nisse/nettle/) + Niels Möller + +Original developers of the crypto algorithms: + + Dana L. How (DES) + Andrew Tridgell and Steve French (MD4) + Colin Plumb (MD5) + Steve Reid (SHA1) + Jean-Luc Cooke (SHA256, SHA384, SHA512) + Kazunori Miyazawa / USAGI (HMAC) + Matthew Skala (Twofish) + Dag Arne Osvik (Serpent) + Brian Gladman (AES) + Kartikey Mahendra Bhatt (CAST6) + Jon Oberheide (ARC4) + Jouni Malinen (Michael MIC) + NTT(Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation) (Camellia) + +SHA1 algorithm contributors: + Jean-Francois Dive + +DES algorithm contributors: + Raimar Falke + Gisle Sælensminde + Niels Möller + +Blowfish algorithm contributors: + Herbert Valerio Riedel + Kyle McMartin + +Twofish algorithm contributors: + Werner Koch + Marc Mutz + +SHA256/384/512 algorithm contributors: + Andrew McDonald + Kyle McMartin + Herbert Valerio Riedel + +AES algorithm contributors: + Alexander Kjeldaas + Herbert Valerio Riedel + Kyle McMartin + Adam J. Richter + Fruhwirth Clemens (i586) + Linus Torvalds (i586) + +CAST5 algorithm contributors: + Kartikey Mahendra Bhatt (original developers unknown, FSF copyright). + +TEA/XTEA algorithm contributors: + Aaron Grothe + Michael Ringe + +Khazad algorithm contributors: + Aaron Grothe + +Whirlpool algorithm contributors: + Aaron Grothe + Jean-Luc Cooke + +Anubis algorithm contributors: + Aaron Grothe + +Tiger algorithm contributors: + Aaron Grothe + +VIA PadLock contributors: + Michal Ludvig + +Camellia algorithm contributors: + NTT(Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation) (Camellia) + +Generic scatterwalk code by Adam J. Richter <adam@yggdrasil.com> + +Please send any credits updates or corrections to: +Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au> + |