package com.trilead.ssh2.transport; import java.io.IOException; import java.security.KeyFactory; import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; import java.security.SecureRandom; import java.security.interfaces.DSAPublicKey; import java.security.interfaces.ECPublicKey; import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.LinkedHashSet; import java.util.List; import java.util.Set; import com.trilead.ssh2.ConnectionInfo; import com.trilead.ssh2.DHGexParameters; import com.trilead.ssh2.ExtendedServerHostKeyVerifier; import com.trilead.ssh2.ServerHostKeyVerifier; import com.trilead.ssh2.compression.CompressionFactory; import com.trilead.ssh2.compression.ICompressor; import com.trilead.ssh2.crypto.CryptoWishList; import com.trilead.ssh2.crypto.KeyMaterial; import com.trilead.ssh2.crypto.cipher.BlockCipher; import com.trilead.ssh2.crypto.cipher.BlockCipherFactory; import com.trilead.ssh2.crypto.dh.Curve25519Exchange; import com.trilead.ssh2.crypto.dh.DhGroupExchange; import com.trilead.ssh2.crypto.dh.GenericDhExchange; import com.trilead.ssh2.crypto.digest.MAC; import com.trilead.ssh2.crypto.key.Ed25519PublicKey; import com.trilead.ssh2.log.Logger; import com.trilead.ssh2.packets.PacketKexDHInit; import com.trilead.ssh2.packets.PacketKexDHReply; import com.trilead.ssh2.packets.PacketKexDhGexGroup; import com.trilead.ssh2.packets.PacketKexDhGexInit; import com.trilead.ssh2.packets.PacketKexDhGexReply; import com.trilead.ssh2.packets.PacketKexDhGexRequest; import com.trilead.ssh2.packets.PacketKexDhGexRequestOld; import com.trilead.ssh2.packets.PacketKexInit; import com.trilead.ssh2.packets.PacketNewKeys; import com.trilead.ssh2.packets.Packets; import com.trilead.ssh2.signature.DSASHA1Verify; import com.trilead.ssh2.signature.ECDSASHA2Verify; import com.trilead.ssh2.signature.Ed25519Verify; import com.trilead.ssh2.signature.RSASHA1Verify; /** * KexManager. * * @author Christian Plattner, plattner@trilead.com * @version $Id: KexManager.java,v 1.1 2007/10/15 12:49:56 cplattne Exp $ */ public class KexManager { private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(KexManager.class); private static final boolean supportsEc; static { KeyFactory keyFact; try { keyFact = KeyFactory.getInstance("EC"); } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ignored) { keyFact = null; log.log(10, "Disabling EC support due to lack of KeyFactory"); } supportsEc = keyFact != null; } private static final Set HOSTKEY_ALGS = new LinkedHashSet(); static { HOSTKEY_ALGS.add(Ed25519Verify.ED25519_ID); if (supportsEc) { HOSTKEY_ALGS.add("ecdsa-sha2-nistp256"); HOSTKEY_ALGS.add("ecdsa-sha2-nistp384"); HOSTKEY_ALGS.add("ecdsa-sha2-nistp521"); } HOSTKEY_ALGS.add("ssh-rsa"); HOSTKEY_ALGS.add("ssh-dss"); } private static final Set KEX_ALGS = new LinkedHashSet(); static { KEX_ALGS.add(Curve25519Exchange.NAME); if (supportsEc) { KEX_ALGS.add("ecdh-sha2-nistp256"); KEX_ALGS.add("ecdh-sha2-nistp384"); KEX_ALGS.add("ecdh-sha2-nistp521"); } KEX_ALGS.add("diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256"); KEX_ALGS.add("diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1"); KEX_ALGS.add("diffie-hellman-group14-sha1"); KEX_ALGS.add("diffie-hellman-group1-sha1"); } KexState kxs; int kexCount = 0; KeyMaterial km; byte[] sessionId; ClientServerHello csh; final Object accessLock = new Object(); ConnectionInfo lastConnInfo = null; boolean connectionClosed = false; boolean ignore_next_kex_packet = false; final TransportManager tm; CryptoWishList nextKEXcryptoWishList; DHGexParameters nextKEXdhgexParameters; ServerHostKeyVerifier verifier; final String hostname; final int port; final SecureRandom rnd; public KexManager(TransportManager tm, ClientServerHello csh, CryptoWishList initialCwl, String hostname, int port, ServerHostKeyVerifier keyVerifier, SecureRandom rnd) { this.tm = tm; this.csh = csh; this.nextKEXcryptoWishList = initialCwl; this.nextKEXdhgexParameters = new DHGexParameters(); this.hostname = hostname; this.port = port; this.verifier = keyVerifier; this.rnd = rnd; } public ConnectionInfo getOrWaitForConnectionInfo(int minKexCount) throws IOException { synchronized (accessLock) { while (true) { if ((lastConnInfo != null) && (lastConnInfo.keyExchangeCounter >= minKexCount)) return lastConnInfo; if (connectionClosed) throw (IOException) new IOException("Key exchange was not finished, connection is closed.") .initCause(tm.getReasonClosedCause()); try { accessLock.wait(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { } } } } private String getFirstMatch(String[] client, String[] server) throws NegotiateException { if (client == null || server == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException(); if (client.length == 0) return null; for (int i = 0; i < client.length; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < server.length; j++) { if (client[i].equals(server[j])) return client[i]; } } throw new NegotiateException(); } private boolean compareFirstOfNameList(String[] a, String[] b) { if (a == null || b == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException(); if ((a.length == 0) && (b.length == 0)) return true; if ((a.length == 0) || (b.length == 0)) return false; return (a[0].equals(b[0])); } private boolean isGuessOK(KexParameters cpar, KexParameters spar) { if (cpar == null || spar == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException(); if (compareFirstOfNameList(cpar.kex_algorithms, spar.kex_algorithms) == false) { return false; } if (compareFirstOfNameList(cpar.server_host_key_algorithms, spar.server_host_key_algorithms) == false) { return false; } /* * We do NOT check here if the other algorithms can be agreed on, this * is just a check if kex_algorithms and server_host_key_algorithms were * guessed right! */ return true; } private NegotiatedParameters mergeKexParameters(KexParameters client, KexParameters server) { NegotiatedParameters np = new NegotiatedParameters(); try { np.kex_algo = getFirstMatch(client.kex_algorithms, server.kex_algorithms); log.log(20, "kex_algo=" + np.kex_algo); np.server_host_key_algo = getFirstMatch(client.server_host_key_algorithms, server.server_host_key_algorithms); log.log(20, "server_host_key_algo=" + np.server_host_key_algo); np.enc_algo_client_to_server = getFirstMatch(client.encryption_algorithms_client_to_server, server.encryption_algorithms_client_to_server); np.enc_algo_server_to_client = getFirstMatch(client.encryption_algorithms_server_to_client, server.encryption_algorithms_server_to_client); log.log(20, "enc_algo_client_to_server=" + np.enc_algo_client_to_server); log.log(20, "enc_algo_server_to_client=" + np.enc_algo_server_to_client); np.mac_algo_client_to_server = getFirstMatch(client.mac_algorithms_client_to_server, server.mac_algorithms_client_to_server); np.mac_algo_server_to_client = getFirstMatch(client.mac_algorithms_server_to_client, server.mac_algorithms_server_to_client); log.log(20, "mac_algo_client_to_server=" + np.mac_algo_client_to_server); log.log(20, "mac_algo_server_to_client=" + np.mac_algo_server_to_client); np.comp_algo_client_to_server = getFirstMatch(client.compression_algorithms_client_to_server, server.compression_algorithms_client_to_server); np.comp_algo_server_to_client = getFirstMatch(client.compression_algorithms_server_to_client, server.compression_algorithms_server_to_client); log.log(20, "comp_algo_client_to_server=" + np.comp_algo_client_to_server); log.log(20, "comp_algo_server_to_client=" + np.comp_algo_server_to_client); } catch (NegotiateException e) { return null; } try { np.lang_client_to_server = getFirstMatch(client.languages_client_to_server, server.languages_client_to_server); } catch (NegotiateException e1) { np.lang_client_to_server = null; } try { np.lang_server_to_client = getFirstMatch(client.languages_server_to_client, server.languages_server_to_client); } catch (NegotiateException e2) { np.lang_server_to_client = null; } if (isGuessOK(client, server)) np.guessOK = true; return np; } public synchronized void initiateKEX(CryptoWishList cwl, DHGexParameters dhgex) throws IOException { nextKEXcryptoWishList = cwl; filterHostKeyTypes(nextKEXcryptoWishList); nextKEXdhgexParameters = dhgex; if (kxs == null) { kxs = new KexState(); kxs.dhgexParameters = nextKEXdhgexParameters; PacketKexInit kp = new PacketKexInit(nextKEXcryptoWishList); kxs.localKEX = kp; tm.sendKexMessage(kp.getPayload()); } } /** * If the verifier can indicate which algorithms it knows about for this host, then * filter out our crypto wish list to only include those algorithms. Otherwise we'll * negotiate a host key we have not previously confirmed. * * @param cwl crypto wish list to filter */ private void filterHostKeyTypes(CryptoWishList cwl) { if (verifier instanceof ExtendedServerHostKeyVerifier) { ExtendedServerHostKeyVerifier extendedVerifier = (ExtendedServerHostKeyVerifier) verifier; List knownAlgorithms = extendedVerifier.getKnownKeyAlgorithmsForHost(hostname, port); if (knownAlgorithms != null && knownAlgorithms.size() > 0) { ArrayList filteredAlgorithms = new ArrayList(knownAlgorithms.size()); /* * Look at our current wish list and adjust it based on what the client already knows, but * be careful to keep it in the order desired by the wish list. */ for (String capableAlgo : cwl.serverHostKeyAlgorithms) { for (String knownAlgo : knownAlgorithms) { if (capableAlgo.equals(knownAlgo)) { filteredAlgorithms.add(knownAlgo); } } } if (filteredAlgorithms.size() > 0) { cwl.serverHostKeyAlgorithms = filteredAlgorithms.toArray(new String[filteredAlgorithms.size()]); } } } } private boolean establishKeyMaterial() { try { int mac_cs_key_len = MAC.getKeyLen(kxs.np.mac_algo_client_to_server); int enc_cs_key_len = BlockCipherFactory.getKeySize(kxs.np.enc_algo_client_to_server); int enc_cs_block_len = BlockCipherFactory.getBlockSize(kxs.np.enc_algo_client_to_server); int mac_sc_key_len = MAC.getKeyLen(kxs.np.mac_algo_server_to_client); int enc_sc_key_len = BlockCipherFactory.getKeySize(kxs.np.enc_algo_server_to_client); int enc_sc_block_len = BlockCipherFactory.getBlockSize(kxs.np.enc_algo_server_to_client); km = KeyMaterial.create(kxs.hashAlgo, kxs.H, kxs.K, sessionId, enc_cs_key_len, enc_cs_block_len, mac_cs_key_len, enc_sc_key_len, enc_sc_block_len, mac_sc_key_len); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { return false; } return true; } private void finishKex() throws IOException { if (sessionId == null) sessionId = kxs.H; establishKeyMaterial(); /* Tell the other side that we start using the new material */ PacketNewKeys ign = new PacketNewKeys(); tm.sendKexMessage(ign.getPayload()); BlockCipher cbc; MAC mac; ICompressor comp; try { cbc = BlockCipherFactory.createCipher(kxs.np.enc_algo_client_to_server, true, km.enc_key_client_to_server, km.initial_iv_client_to_server); mac = new MAC(kxs.np.mac_algo_client_to_server, km.integrity_key_client_to_server); comp = CompressionFactory.createCompressor(kxs.np.comp_algo_client_to_server); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e1) { throw new IOException("Fatal error during MAC startup!"); } tm.changeSendCipher(cbc, mac); tm.changeSendCompression(comp); tm.kexFinished(); } public static final String[] getDefaultServerHostkeyAlgorithmList() { return HOSTKEY_ALGS.toArray(new String[HOSTKEY_ALGS.size()]); } public static final void checkServerHostkeyAlgorithmsList(String[] algos) { for (int i = 0; i < algos.length; i++) { if (!HOSTKEY_ALGS.contains(algos[i])) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown server host key algorithm '" + algos[i] + "'"); } } public static final String[] getDefaultKexAlgorithmList() { return KEX_ALGS.toArray(new String[KEX_ALGS.size()]); } public static final void checkKexAlgorithmList(String[] algos) { for (int i = 0; i < algos.length; i++) { if (!KEX_ALGS.contains(algos[i])) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown kex algorithm '" + algos[i] + "'"); } } private boolean verifySignature(byte[] sig, byte[] hostkey) throws IOException { if (kxs.np.server_host_key_algo.equals(Ed25519Verify.ED25519_ID)) { byte[] eds = Ed25519Verify.decodeSSHEd25519Signature(sig); Ed25519PublicKey edpk = Ed25519Verify.decodeSSHEd25519PublicKey(hostkey); log.log(50, "Verifying ed25519 signature"); return Ed25519Verify.verifySignature(kxs.H, eds, edpk); } if (kxs.np.server_host_key_algo.startsWith("ecdsa-sha2-")) { byte[] rs = ECDSASHA2Verify.decodeSSHECDSASignature(sig); ECPublicKey epk = ECDSASHA2Verify.decodeSSHECDSAPublicKey(hostkey); log.log(50, "Verifying ecdsa signature"); return ECDSASHA2Verify.verifySignature(kxs.H, rs, epk); } if (kxs.np.server_host_key_algo.equals("ssh-rsa")) { byte[] rs = RSASHA1Verify.decodeSSHRSASignature(sig); RSAPublicKey rpk = RSASHA1Verify.decodeSSHRSAPublicKey(hostkey); log.log(50, "Verifying ssh-rsa signature"); return RSASHA1Verify.verifySignature(kxs.H, rs, rpk); } if (kxs.np.server_host_key_algo.equals("ssh-dss")) { byte[] ds = DSASHA1Verify.decodeSSHDSASignature(sig); DSAPublicKey dpk = DSASHA1Verify.decodeSSHDSAPublicKey(hostkey); log.log(50, "Verifying ssh-dss signature"); return DSASHA1Verify.verifySignature(kxs.H, ds, dpk); } throw new IOException("Unknown server host key algorithm '" + kxs.np.server_host_key_algo + "'"); } public synchronized void handleMessage(byte[] msg, int msglen) throws IOException { PacketKexInit kip; if (msg == null) { synchronized (accessLock) { connectionClosed = true; accessLock.notifyAll(); return; } } if ((kxs == null) && (msg[0] != Packets.SSH_MSG_KEXINIT)) throw new IOException("Unexpected KEX message (type " + msg[0] + ")"); if (ignore_next_kex_packet) { ignore_next_kex_packet = false; return; } if (msg[0] == Packets.SSH_MSG_KEXINIT) { if ((kxs != null) && (kxs.state != 0)) throw new IOException("Unexpected SSH_MSG_KEXINIT message during on-going kex exchange!"); if (kxs == null) { /* * Ah, OK, peer wants to do KEX. Let's be nice and play * together. */ kxs = new KexState(); kxs.dhgexParameters = nextKEXdhgexParameters; kip = new PacketKexInit(nextKEXcryptoWishList); kxs.localKEX = kip; tm.sendKexMessage(kip.getPayload()); } kip = new PacketKexInit(msg, 0, msglen); kxs.remoteKEX = kip; kxs.np = mergeKexParameters(kxs.localKEX.getKexParameters(), kxs.remoteKEX.getKexParameters()); if (kxs.np == null) throw new IOException("Cannot negotiate, proposals do not match."); if (kxs.remoteKEX.isFirst_kex_packet_follows() && (kxs.np.guessOK == false)) { /* * Guess was wrong, we need to ignore the next kex packet. */ ignore_next_kex_packet = true; } if (kxs.np.kex_algo.equals("diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1") || kxs.np.kex_algo.equals("diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256")) { if (kxs.dhgexParameters.getMin_group_len() == 0 || csh.server_versioncomment.matches("OpenSSH_2\\.([0-4]\\.|5\\.[0-2]).*")) { PacketKexDhGexRequestOld dhgexreq = new PacketKexDhGexRequestOld(kxs.dhgexParameters); tm.sendKexMessage(dhgexreq.getPayload()); } else { PacketKexDhGexRequest dhgexreq = new PacketKexDhGexRequest(kxs.dhgexParameters); tm.sendKexMessage(dhgexreq.getPayload()); } if (kxs.np.kex_algo.endsWith("sha1")) { kxs.hashAlgo = "SHA1"; } else { kxs.hashAlgo = "SHA-256"; } kxs.state = 1; return; } if (kxs.np.kex_algo.equals("diffie-hellman-group1-sha1") || kxs.np.kex_algo.equals("diffie-hellman-group14-sha1") || kxs.np.kex_algo.equals("ecdh-sha2-nistp256") || kxs.np.kex_algo.equals("ecdh-sha2-nistp384") || kxs.np.kex_algo.equals("ecdh-sha2-nistp521") || kxs.np.kex_algo.equals(Curve25519Exchange.NAME)) { kxs.dhx = GenericDhExchange.getInstance(kxs.np.kex_algo); kxs.dhx.init(kxs.np.kex_algo); kxs.hashAlgo = kxs.dhx.getHashAlgo(); PacketKexDHInit kp = new PacketKexDHInit(kxs.dhx.getE()); tm.sendKexMessage(kp.getPayload()); kxs.state = 1; return; } throw new IllegalStateException("Unknown KEX method!"); } if (msg[0] == Packets.SSH_MSG_NEWKEYS) { if (km == null) throw new IOException("Peer sent SSH_MSG_NEWKEYS, but I have no key material ready!"); BlockCipher cbc; MAC mac; ICompressor comp; try { cbc = BlockCipherFactory.createCipher(kxs.np.enc_algo_server_to_client, false, km.enc_key_server_to_client, km.initial_iv_server_to_client); mac = new MAC(kxs.np.mac_algo_server_to_client, km.integrity_key_server_to_client); comp = CompressionFactory.createCompressor(kxs.np.comp_algo_server_to_client); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e1) { throw new IOException("Fatal error during MAC startup!"); } tm.changeRecvCipher(cbc, mac); tm.changeRecvCompression(comp); ConnectionInfo sci = new ConnectionInfo(); kexCount++; sci.keyExchangeAlgorithm = kxs.np.kex_algo; sci.keyExchangeCounter = kexCount; sci.clientToServerCryptoAlgorithm = kxs.np.enc_algo_client_to_server; sci.serverToClientCryptoAlgorithm = kxs.np.enc_algo_server_to_client; sci.clientToServerMACAlgorithm = kxs.np.mac_algo_client_to_server; sci.serverToClientMACAlgorithm = kxs.np.mac_algo_server_to_client; sci.serverHostKeyAlgorithm = kxs.np.server_host_key_algo; sci.serverHostKey = kxs.hostkey; synchronized (accessLock) { lastConnInfo = sci; accessLock.notifyAll(); } kxs = null; return; } if ((kxs == null) || (kxs.state == 0)) throw new IOException("Unexpected Kex submessage!"); if (kxs.np.kex_algo.equals("diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1") || kxs.np.kex_algo.equals("diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256")) { if (kxs.state == 1) { PacketKexDhGexGroup dhgexgrp = new PacketKexDhGexGroup(msg, 0, msglen); kxs.dhgx = new DhGroupExchange(dhgexgrp.getP(), dhgexgrp.getG()); kxs.dhgx.init(rnd); PacketKexDhGexInit dhgexinit = new PacketKexDhGexInit(kxs.dhgx.getE()); tm.sendKexMessage(dhgexinit.getPayload()); kxs.state = 2; return; } if (kxs.state == 2) { PacketKexDhGexReply dhgexrpl = new PacketKexDhGexReply(msg, 0, msglen); kxs.hostkey = dhgexrpl.getHostKey(); if (verifier != null) { boolean vres = false; try { vres = verifier.verifyServerHostKey(hostname, port, kxs.np.server_host_key_algo, kxs.hostkey); } catch (Exception e) { throw (IOException) new IOException( "The server hostkey was not accepted by the verifier callback.").initCause(e); } if (vres == false) throw new IOException("The server hostkey was not accepted by the verifier callback"); } kxs.dhgx.setF(dhgexrpl.getF()); try { kxs.H = kxs.dhgx.calculateH(kxs.hashAlgo, csh.getClientString(), csh.getServerString(), kxs.localKEX.getPayload(), kxs.remoteKEX.getPayload(), dhgexrpl.getHostKey(), kxs.dhgexParameters); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { throw (IOException) new IOException("KEX error.").initCause(e); } boolean res = verifySignature(dhgexrpl.getSignature(), kxs.hostkey); if (res == false) throw new IOException("Hostkey signature sent by remote is wrong!"); kxs.K = kxs.dhgx.getK(); finishKex(); kxs.state = -1; return; } throw new IllegalStateException("Illegal State in KEX Exchange!"); } if (kxs.np.kex_algo.equals("diffie-hellman-group1-sha1") || kxs.np.kex_algo.equals("diffie-hellman-group14-sha1") || kxs.np.kex_algo.equals("ecdh-sha2-nistp256") || kxs.np.kex_algo.equals("ecdh-sha2-nistp384") || kxs.np.kex_algo.equals("ecdh-sha2-nistp521") || kxs.np.kex_algo.equals(Curve25519Exchange.NAME)) { if (kxs.state == 1) { PacketKexDHReply dhr = new PacketKexDHReply(msg, 0, msglen); kxs.hostkey = dhr.getHostKey(); if (verifier != null) { boolean vres = false; try { vres = verifier.verifyServerHostKey(hostname, port, kxs.np.server_host_key_algo, kxs.hostkey); } catch (Exception e) { throw (IOException) new IOException( "The server hostkey was not accepted by the verifier callback.").initCause(e); } if (vres == false) throw new IOException("The server hostkey was not accepted by the verifier callback"); } kxs.dhx.setF(dhr.getF()); try { kxs.H = kxs.dhx.calculateH(csh.getClientString(), csh.getServerString(), kxs.localKEX.getPayload(), kxs.remoteKEX.getPayload(), dhr.getHostKey()); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { throw (IOException) new IOException("KEX error.").initCause(e); } boolean res = verifySignature(dhr.getSignature(), kxs.hostkey); if (res == false) throw new IOException("Hostkey signature sent by remote is wrong!"); kxs.K = kxs.dhx.getK(); finishKex(); kxs.state = -1; return; } } throw new IllegalStateException("Unkown KEX method! (" + kxs.np.kex_algo + ")"); } }